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CN-122012027-A - Rapid cooling type composite phase change material and preparation method thereof

CN122012027ACN 122012027 ACN122012027 ACN 122012027ACN-122012027-A

Abstract

A composite phase change material with a rapid cooling characteristic is formed by compounding a matrix phase change material and a high heat conduction filler, wherein the matrix phase change material is a material which generates solid-liquid phase change within a target phase change temperature range and is selected from one or more mixtures of paraffin, lauric acid and n-octadecane, the target phase change temperature is any temperature point or interval between 25 ℃ and 60 ℃, the high heat conduction filler is metal powder and/or carbon material with a high heat conduction coefficient, the metal powder is one or more selected from copper powder, aluminum powder, silver powder and nickel powder, the carbon material is one or more selected from graphene, expanded graphite, carbon nano tubes and graphite powder, and the mass percentage of the high heat conduction filler in the composite phase change material is 0.5% -10%. According to the invention, a small amount of high-efficiency high-heat-conductivity filler is introduced, so that the phase change material can rapidly transfer internal heat to the surface in an exothermic stage, and the cooling time can be shortened by 30% -70% compared with that of a pure phase change material.

Inventors

  • ZHANG JINGSHUANG
  • ZHAO XIAOGANG
  • DING YADONG
  • ZHANG XUEQI

Assignees

  • 郑州大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20251222

Claims (5)

  1. 1. The rapid cooling type composite phase change material is characterized by being formed by compounding a matrix phase change material and a high-heat-conductivity filler; the matrix phase change material is a material which generates solid-liquid phase change in a target phase change temperature range, and is selected from one or a mixture of paraffin, lauric acid and n-octadecane, wherein the target phase change temperature is any temperature point or interval between 25 ℃ and 60 ℃; The high-heat-conductivity filler is metal powder and/or carbon material with high heat conductivity coefficient; the metal powder is selected from one or more of copper powder, aluminum powder, silver powder and nickel powder; The carbon material can be selected from one or more of graphene, expanded graphite, carbon nanotubes and graphite powder; the mass percentage of the high-heat-conductivity filler in the composite phase-change material is 0.5% -10%.
  2. 2. The rapid cooling type composite phase change material of claim 1, wherein the metal powder is spherical, flaky or dendritic, and the particle size is preferably 1-100 μm.
  3. 3. The rapid cooling type composite phase change material of claim 1, wherein the mass percentage of the high heat conduction filler in the composite phase change material is 1% -5%.
  4. 4. A preparation method of a rapid cooling type composite phase change material is characterized by comprising the following steps: Step 1, preprocessing, namely heating and melting a matrix phase change material into a liquid state at 60-80 ℃, and vacuum drying a high-heat-conductivity filler at 80-100 ℃ for 2-4 hours; Step 2, mixing, namely slowly adding the dried high-heat-conductivity filler into the liquid matrix phase change material in batches, and continuously and mechanically stirring under the constant temperature condition; step 3, dispersing, namely uniformly dispersing the high-heat-conductivity filler in a liquid phase by ultrasonic treatment while stirring to prevent agglomeration; and 4, molding, namely injecting the uniformly mixed slurry into a mold, naturally cooling or cooling to room temperature under the control of a program, and solidifying and molding to obtain the rapid cooling type composite phase change material.
  5. 5. The method for preparing the rapid cooling type composite phase change material according to claim 4, wherein the power of ultrasonic treatment is 300W-800W for 30-90 minutes.

Description

Rapid cooling type composite phase change material and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of heat energy storage and temperature control materials, and particularly relates to a composite phase change material with a rapid cooling characteristic and a preparation method thereof. Background Phase change materials overview Phase Change Materials (PCM) are materials that utilize the property of a substance that absorbs or releases a large amount of latent heat during phase change while maintaining a substantially constant temperature for thermal energy storage and temperature control, and are widely used in the fields of electronic device heat dissipation, building energy conservation, textile clothing, cold chain transportation, and thermostats. The conventional phase change materials, especially solid-liquid phase change materials (such as paraffin, hydrated salt, fatty acid, etc.), have high phase change latent heat, but generally have the problem of low heat conductivity coefficient, which results in that in the application scene that heat needs to be released (i.e. the temperature is lowered and solidified from the liquid state), the heat in the phase change material cannot be quickly led out, and the temperature lowering rate is slow. For example, when the device is used for heat dissipation of electronic devices, slow cooling can prolong the high-temperature operation time of the device, influence the performance and the service life, and in the application of constant-temperature cup pads and the like, the initial cooling time is too long, so that the user experience is poor. In order to solve the problem of thermal conductivity, attempts have been made in the prior art to add metal foam, carbon material, etc. to the phase change material for thermal conductivity. However, these methods may have the following problems: 1. The additive has poor compatibility with the phase change material, is easy to generate sedimentation or agglomeration, and causes unstable performance; 2. The introduction of the additive can obviously reduce the phase change latent heat of the phase change material, and influence the heat storage/insulation capacity of the core of the phase change material; 3. certain additives (such as carbon nanotubes in certain forms) are expensive, have complex preparation processes, and are difficult to industrialize. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome the defect of low cooling rate of the existing phase change material, and provides a composite phase change material which has remarkable rapid cooling characteristic while keeping high phase change latent heat. The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the composite phase-change material, which has the advantages of simple process, low cost and easy realization of large-scale production. In order to solve the problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: The rapid cooling type composite phase change material is characterized by being formed by compounding a matrix phase change material and a high-heat-conductivity filler; the matrix phase change material is a material which generates solid-liquid phase change in a target phase change temperature range, and is selected from one or a mixture of paraffin, lauric acid and n-octadecane, wherein the target phase change temperature is any temperature point or interval between 25 ℃ and 60 ℃; The high-heat-conductivity filler is metal powder and/or carbon material with high heat conductivity coefficient; the metal powder is selected from one or more of copper powder, aluminum powder, silver powder and nickel powder; The carbon material can be selected from one or more of graphene, expanded graphite, carbon nanotubes and graphite powder; the mass percentage of the high-heat-conductivity filler in the composite phase-change material is 0.5% -10%. The metal powder is spherical, flaky or dendritic in shape, and the particle size is preferably 1-100 μm. The mass percentage of the high-heat-conductivity filler in the composite phase-change material is 1% -5%. A preparation method of a rapid cooling type composite phase change material comprises the following steps: Step 1, preprocessing, namely heating and melting a matrix phase change material into a liquid state at 60-80 ℃, and vacuum drying a high-heat-conductivity filler at 80-100 ℃ for 2-4 hours; Step 2, mixing, namely slowly adding the dried high-heat-conductivity filler into the liquid matrix phase change material in batches, and continuously and mechanically stirring under the constant temperature condition; step 3, dispersing, namely uniformly dispersing the high-heat-conductivity filler in a liquid phase by ultrasonic treatment while stirring to prevent agglomeration; and 4, molding, namely injecting the uniformly mixed slurry into a mold, naturally cooling or cooling to room temperature under the control of a program, and solidifying an