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CN-122012031-A - Organic-inorganic hydrated salt composite phase-change material, and preparation method and application thereof

CN122012031ACN 122012031 ACN122012031 ACN 122012031ACN-122012031-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power batteries, and provides an organic-inorganic hydrated salt composite phase change material, a preparation method and application thereof. The metal organic coordination polymer is formed by coordination of the organic ligand and the metal ion ligand, has a compact porous network structure, can fix the hydrated salt phase-change material in the framework pores, prevents leakage, improves the shape stability of the material, improves the problems of deliquescence, large supercooling degree and phase separation of the inorganic hydrated salt phase-change material, improves the circulation stability of the composite phase-change material, and simultaneously retains the advantages of incombustibility and large heat storage capacity. The composite phase-change material provided by the invention can be accurately matched with the optimal working temperature range of the battery, reduces the temperature fluctuation in the charging and discharging processes of the battery, and realizes accurate temperature control. And the excellent flame retardant property and the large heat storage density can inhibit the thermal diffusion of the battery during thermal runaway, greatly reduce the risk of thermal runaway of the module and obviously improve the safety of the battery module.

Inventors

  • LI XINXI
  • LI CANBING
  • Yang Mensheng
  • GUO ZIKAI
  • YANG XIAOQING

Assignees

  • 广东工业大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260414

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The organic-inorganic hydrated salt composite phase change material is characterized by comprising, by mass, 40-80 parts of a hydrated salt phase change material, 10-50 parts of a metal organic coordination polymer, 2-10 parts of a phase change temperature regulator and 1-5 parts of a heat conduction enhancer, wherein the metal organic coordination polymer is formed by coordination of an organic ligand and a metal ion ligand, the organic ligand is polyethylene glycol, and the metal ion ligand is a soluble calcium salt.
  2. 2. The organic-inorganic hydrated salt composite phase change material of claim 1, wherein the hydrated salt phase change material comprises one or more of sodium acetate trihydrate, sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, sodium metasilicate nonahydrate, sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate, and disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate.
  3. 3. The organic-inorganic hydrated salt composite phase change material of claim 1, wherein the metal ion ligand is calcium chloride.
  4. 4. The organic-inorganic hydrated salt composite phase change material according to claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of the organic ligand to the metal ion ligand is 5-45:1-5.
  5. 5. The organic-inorganic hydrated salt composite phase change material of claim 1, wherein the phase change temperature modifier comprises one or more of potassium chloride, ammonium chloride, potassium nitrate, glycerol, urea, and glycine, and the thermal conductivity enhancer comprises one or more of boron nitride, silicon carbide, expanded graphite, and carbon nanotubes.
  6. 6. The method for preparing the organic-inorganic hydrated salt composite phase-change material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: Mixing the hydrated salt phase-change material, a temperature regulator, an organic ligand, a metal ion ligand, a solvent and a heat conduction enhancer to obtain the organic-inorganic hydrated salt composite phase-change material, wherein the mixing is performed in a molten state of the hydrated salt phase-change material.
  7. 7. The preparation method of the organic-inorganic hydrated salt composite phase change material is characterized in that the mixing temperature is 60-90 ℃, the mixing comprises the steps of carrying out first mixing on a hydrated salt phase change material and a phase change temperature regulator to obtain a first mixture, dissolving metal ion ligand in a solvent to obtain a metal ion ligand solution, carrying out second mixing on the metal ion ligand solution and a molten organic ligand to obtain a second mixture, carrying out third mixing on the first mixture and the second mixture to obtain a third mixture, and carrying out fourth mixing on the third mixture and a heat conduction enhancer to obtain the organic-inorganic hydrated salt composite phase change material.
  8. 8. The application of the organic-inorganic hydrated salt composite phase-change material prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-5 or any one of claims 6-7 in power batteries.
  9. 9. The use according to claim 8, wherein the organic-inorganic hydrated salt composite phase change material is used in a thermal management system of a power cell.
  10. 10. A battery module, which is characterized in that the battery module is prepared from the organic-inorganic hydrated salt composite phase-change material according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the organic-inorganic hydrated salt composite phase-change material prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 6 to 7.

Description

Organic-inorganic hydrated salt composite phase-change material, and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of power batteries, in particular to an organic-inorganic hydrated salt composite phase change material, a preparation method and application thereof. Background While new energy technologies such as electric automobiles and energy storage power stations are developed, the thermal safety problem of a battery system is increasingly remarkable, and the battery system becomes a key research topic for restricting the development of industries. The lithium ion battery can generate a large amount of heat at a high discharge rate, is easy to cause complex electrochemical reaction and side reaction of a battery component, and can trigger thermal runaway if heat accumulation cannot be timely emitted, even cause fire and explosion of a battery system, and seriously threaten society and public safety. Under the circumstance, the battery thermal safety protection system not only needs to have good thermal management capability, but also needs to prevent occurrence and propagation of thermal runaway, so that safety accidents caused by overheating of the battery are radically avoided, and safety of personnel and equipment is guaranteed. The phase change material cooling technology is used as an emerging battery thermal management means, and the principle that a great amount of latent heat is absorbed/released when the phase change material is melted/solidified is utilized to control the temperature of the battery, so that the use safety is ensured. The inorganic hydrated salt phase-change material has the advantages of high energy storage density per unit volume, low cost, incombustibility and the like, and the heating process of the inorganic hydrated salt phase-change material comprises three heat absorption stages of phase change, water evaporation and solid decomposition, and a multi-stage heat absorption mechanism endows the heat storage capacity of the inorganic hydrated salt phase-change material superior to that of the organic phase-change material. However, inorganic hydrated salts also have some drawbacks in application, such as poor shape stability, deliquescence, large supercooling, leakage, poor thermal conductivity and cycling stability, which limit their effectiveness in thermal management systems. In view of the foregoing, it is difficult to satisfy the requirements of battery thermal management systems by using the current phase change materials, and it is desirable to provide a novel phase change material for solving the thermal safety problem of battery systems. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above, the invention provides an organic-inorganic hydrated salt composite phase-change material, and a preparation method and application thereof. According to the invention, the metal organic coordination polymer and the hydrated salt phase change material are combined, and the obtained composite phase change material can meet the requirements of a battery thermal management system, so that the thermal safety problem of the battery system is effectively solved. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The organic-inorganic hydrated salt composite phase change material comprises, by mass, 40-80 parts of a hydrated salt phase change material, 10-50 parts of a metal organic coordination polymer, 2-10 parts of a phase change temperature regulator and 1-5 parts of a heat conduction enhancer, wherein the metal organic coordination polymer is formed by coordination of an organic ligand and a metal ion ligand, the organic ligand is polyethylene glycol, and the metal ion ligand is a soluble calcium salt. Preferably, the hydrated salt phase change material comprises one or more of sodium acetate trihydrate, sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, sodium metasilicate nonahydrate, sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate and disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate. Preferably, the metal ion ligand is calcium chloride. Preferably, the mass ratio of the organic ligand to the metal ion ligand is 5-45:1-5. Preferably, the phase transition temperature regulator comprises one or more of potassium chloride, ammonium chloride, potassium nitrate, glycerol, urea and glycine, and the heat conduction enhancer comprises one or more of boron nitride, silicon carbide, expanded graphite and carbon nanotubes. The invention also provides a preparation method of the organic-inorganic hydrated salt composite phase-change material, which comprises the following steps: Mixing the hydrated salt phase-change material, a temperature regulator, an organic ligand, a metal ion ligand, a solvent and a heat conduction enhancer to obtain the organic-inorganic hydrated salt composite phase-change material, wherein the mixing is performed in a molten state of the hydrated salt phase-change material. Preferably, the mixing tempera