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CN-122012105-A - Soil improvement method for coupling micro-organisms through microwave activation of oil shale waste residues

CN122012105ACN 122012105 ACN122012105 ACN 122012105ACN-122012105-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil improvement method of oil shale waste residue microwave activation coupled microorganisms, which comprises the steps of crushing and screening oil shale dry distillation residues, adding ground phosphate rock if necessary, performing two-stage microwave activation treatment to obtain an activated waste residue carrier with high specific surface area and low harmful substance content, mixing and composting the activated carrier with a compound microbial agent (containing azotobacter chroococcum, silicate bacteria and cellulose degrading bacteria) and straws in a specific ratio to prepare a harmless activated waste residue modifier, and finally determining the application amount according to the soil type and applying the harmless activated waste residue modifier to soil. The invention realizes the harmless and high-value recycling of the oil shale waste residue, the prepared modifier can obviously improve the nutrient content of soil, improve the soil structure, adjust the pH value, promote the growth of crops, is suitable for the improvement of various degenerated soil, has the advantages of high efficiency, low cost, environmental friendliness and the like, and has higher popularization value.

Inventors

  • DUAN WENBO

Assignees

  • 段文博

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260121

Claims (9)

  1. 1. A soil improvement method for coupling microorganisms in oil shale waste residue microwave activation is characterized by comprising the following steps of S1, waste residue pretreatment, namely crushing oil shale dry distillation residue to 2-5mm in particle size, screening out impurities with particle size larger than 10mm to obtain pretreated waste residue, detecting the content of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metal in the pretreated waste residue, if the cadmium content is larger than 0.3 mg/kg, adding 3-8% of ground phosphate rock into the pretreated waste residue, uniformly mixing, S2, microwave activation, namely placing the material obtained in the step S1 into microwave equipment, carrying out two-stage heating treatment under the conditions of frequency 915 MHz or 2450 MHz and power 400-1200W, controlling the temperature to be 500-700 ℃ for 30-90 minutes to remove volatile harmful components, controlling the temperature to be 800-1200W, controlling the temperature to be increased to 800-1000 ℃ for 60-180 minutes to optimize the pore structure, preparing a composite carrier with the moisture content of 2-3-30% of carbon dioxide, and 2-30% of a composite carrier (2-3:2) and a composite bacterial carrier, and carrying out a composite bacterial carrier preparation method for degrading the silicon dioxide, wherein the composite carrier is prepared by the composite carrier (the conditions of 2-3:3:2:3%), the method comprises the steps of (1) obtaining a composite microbial agent with the effective viable count of more than or equal to 10 9 CFU/g, S4, carrying out microbial composite treatment, namely, uniformly spreading the obtained activated waste residue carrier, the composite microbial agent and straws on the surface of the soil according to the application amount of 1200-1800 kg per mu of acid soil with the pH value of 4.5-6.0, deep ploughing 25-30 cm by a rotary cultivator, fully mixing the harmless activated waste residue modifier with the soil, carrying out composting fermentation for 18-20 days at 25-32 ℃ and once every 5-7 days to obtain a harmless activated waste residue modifier, S5, carrying out soil improvement application, namely, determining the application amount according to the type and the property of the soil to be improved, carrying out additional fertilization according to the application amount of kg per mu of 400-600 per mu of acid soil, and uniformly spreading the harmless activated waste residue modifier on the surface of the soil.
  2. 2. The method for improving soil by microwave-activated coupled microorganisms of oil shale waste residue according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the particle size of the ground phosphate rock is 100-200 mesh.
  3. 3. The soil improvement method for oil shale waste residue microwave activated coupled microorganisms according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the microwave equipment is a continuous microwave processor, the total treatment time is 3-5 minutes, the power is 700-900W, the specific surface area of the activated waste residue carrier is not less than 5m 2/g, and the carbon content is not less than 30% wt%.
  4. 4. The soil improvement method for oil shale waste residue microwave activation coupled microorganisms according to claim 2, wherein in the step S3, the mass ratio of quartz sand, sorghum powder and fern residue is (1-2): (1-2): (0.5-1), and the culture conditions are that the temperature is 28-32 ℃, the water content is 50-60%, and the static culture is carried out for 2-3 weeks.
  5. 5. The method for improving soil by microwave-activated coupled microorganisms of oil shale waste residue according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the straw is crushed to have a particle size of 1-2 cm and then is used, and the straw is turned over once every 5-7 days during composting fermentation.
  6. 6. The method for improving soil by microwave activation of coupled microorganisms of oil shale waste according to claim 2, wherein in step S4, if used for improving sandy lean soil, the activated waste carrier is added into the mixture, and the activated waste carrier is decomposed sheep manure with a mass of 10% -20%.
  7. 7. The method for improving soil by microwave-activated coupled microorganisms of oil shale waste residue according to claim 1, wherein in the step S5, the acid soil with the pH value of 4.5-6.0 is subjected to basal application according to the application amount of 1200-1800 kg per mu, the modifier is mixed with the soil by deep tillage of 25-30 cm by a rotary cultivator, and water is irrigated in 7 days after application.
  8. 8. The soil improvement method of oil shale waste residue microwave activation coupled microorganisms according to claim 2, wherein in step S5, topdressing is performed at a rate of 400-600 kg per mu in a seedling stage of crops.
  9. 9. The method for improving soil by microwave-activated coupled microorganisms using oil shale waste residue according to claim 1, wherein in step S5, if the method is used for improving soil in a mine reclamation area, the application amount is 2000-2500 kg per mu, and pioneer plants are planted in a matched manner.

Description

Soil improvement method for coupling micro-organisms through microwave activation of oil shale waste residues Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste resource utilization and soil improvement, in particular to a soil improvement method for coupling micro-organisms through oil shale waste residue microwave activation. Background Oil shale is an important energy mineral product, and a large amount of waste residues (called oil shale dry distillation residues) are generated in the dry distillation and oil extraction process, and are usually piled up in the open air, so that a large amount of land is occupied, and secondary pollution is possibly caused by the fact that the waste residues contain phenols, polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and part of heavy metals (such as cadmium, lead and the like) and permeate into water or soil under the condition of rain wash. How to safely and efficiently recycle the waste residues becomes an important subject in the field of environmental protection and resource recycling, and on the other hand, the problems of poor soil structure, nutrient deficiency, low microbial activity and the like commonly exist in the aspects of wide soil areas of acidified soil, barren soil and mine reclamation areas. The traditional soil improvement method such as lime application, organic fertilizer application and the like has the defects of high cost, unstable effect, easiness in causing soil hardening or secondary salinization and the like. In the prior art, the recycling utilization of oil shale waste residues is concentrated on the preparation of building materials or simple landfill, and the potential of the oil shale waste residues in the aspect of soil improvement cannot be fully exerted. There are also studies on the direct application of waste residues to soil, but the untreated waste residues have the problems of organic pollutant residues, difficult absorption of minerals by crops, poor agglomeration with soil and the like, and the improvement effect is limited, while the microwave activation technology can be used for modifying solid waste and the microorganism technology can also be used for improving soil, the two technologies are combined to construct an integrated synergistic improvement system of microwave activation waste residue carrier-functional microorganism microbial agent-soil adaptation application, and the integrated synergistic improvement system has not been produced on a large scale. Therefore, an improved method capable of realizing innocuous, recycling and efficient activation of oil shale waste residues and improving soil fertility in a synergistic way with microorganisms is developed, and the method has important environmental protection value and economic significance. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the soil improvement method for the coupling microorganisms of the oil shale waste residue microwave activation, which has the advantages of comprehensive and durable soil improvement effect, efficient process, low cost, stable effect and environmental protection. In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: A method for improving soil by coupling micro-organisms with oil shale waste residue through microwave activation comprises the following steps of S1, waste residue pretreatment, namely crushing oil shale dry distillation residue to a particle size of 2-5mm, screening out impurities with the particle size of more than 10mm to obtain pretreated waste residue, detecting the content of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metal in the pretreated waste residue, if the content of cadmium is more than 0.3-mg/kg, adding 3-8% of ground phosphate rock into the pretreated waste residue, uniformly mixing, S2, microwave activation, namely placing the material obtained in the step S1 into microwave equipment, carrying out two-stage heating treatment under the conditions that the frequency is 915 MHz or 2450 MHz and the power is 400-1200W, wherein the first-stage heating power is 400-800W, the control temperature is 500-700 ℃ for 30-90 minutes to remove volatile harmful components, the second-stage heating power is 800-1200 ℃, the control temperature is raised to 800-1000 ℃ for 60-180 minutes to optimize pore structure, cooling, preparing the activated waste residue with the carbon content of 2-3-30% and the composite carrier, and the water content of the composite bacteria is more than or equal to 2.3-30% of the composite bacteria, the surface area of the activated waste residue is more than or equal to 2-30% (2 g: 2-3; 2 g) of the composite bacteria carrier is prepared by culturing the composite bacteria, and the water content of the composite bacteria is more than or equal to 2-3.2% of the composite bacteria and more than or more than 2% of the water content of the silicon dioxide carrier is prepared by culturing t