CN-122012108-A - Microsphere structure for soil improvement and preparation method and application thereof

CN122012108ACN 122012108 ACN122012108 ACN 122012108ACN-122012108-A

Abstract

The application discloses a microsphere structure for soil improvement, a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of soil treatment; the structure takes MBBR filler as a carrier, the microsphere is composed of an inner core, an intermediate layer and an outer layer, wherein the inner core contains sodium percarbonate, high water absorption resin and triacontanol, water retention and steam sterilization cooperation are realized, the intermediate layer is sodium alginate gel, mnO 2 , humic acid and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer are embedded in the intermediate layer, the soil microenvironment can be regulated, nutrients are supplemented, the outer layer is a temperature-sensitive blend film of chitosan and poly-N-isopropyl acrylamide, the environment-accurate controlled release component can be responded, the microsphere is built in a layering mode through an emulsion method in the preparation process, and then the microsphere is loaded on the MBBR filler, the structure is excellent in soil steam sterilization, the sterilization efficiency can be improved, the ecological restoration of soil is promoted, and the problem that the existing material is single in function and poor in effect is solved.

Inventors

XING PENGYUAN
LI ZENGMING
CHEN JIANGE
YIN QIDONG

Assignees

华能澜沧江新能源有限公司
昆明龙慧工程设计咨询有限公司
华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260203

Claims (10)

1. The microsphere structure for improving soil is characterized in that MBBR filler is used as a reaction carrier, and the microsphere structure is loaded in the surface and the internal pores of the MBBR filler; wherein the microsphere structure comprises a core (1), an intermediate layer (2) and an outer layer (3); The inner core (1) comprises a water phase and an oil phase, wherein the water phase comprises sodium percarbonate, super absorbent resin and deionized water, and the oil phase is triacontanol; The middle layer (2) comprises sodium alginate, deionized water, mnO 2 , humic acid and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer powder; the outer layer (3) comprises a blend membrane formed by crosslinking chitosan and poly-N-isopropyl acrylamide through glutaraldehyde.
2. The microsphere structure for soil improvement according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of sodium percarbonate, super absorbent resin and deionized water in the core (1) is 1 (2-5): 10-20; The mass ratio of the triacontanol to the water phase is (0.05-0.1): 1; the specific surface area of the MBBR filler is 50-500m <2 >/g.
3. The microsphere structure for soil improvement according to claim 1, wherein in the intermediate layer (2), the mass ratio of sodium alginate to deionized water is (0.2-0.5): 10; The mass ratio of the total addition amount of the MnO 2 , the humic acid and the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer powder to the sodium alginate is (1-2): 10, and the mass ratio of the MnO 2 , the humic acid and the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer powder is (2-3): 3-5.
4. A method of preparing a microsphere structure for soil improvement according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of: Adding sodium percarbonate and high water absorption resin into deionized water, stirring at 500-600rpm for 10-30 min to obtain water phase, and melting triacontanol into transparent liquid at 70-80deg.C as oil phase; dripping the oil phase into the water phase under high-speed stirring at 6000-8000rpm, and stirring for 5-10 min to form O/W emulsion to obtain kernel liquid; Dissolving sodium alginate in deionized water, stirring at 100-300rpm until the mixture is clear, adding MnO 2 , humic acid and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer powder, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 5-10 minutes to obtain an intermediate layer liquid; Adding liquid paraffin and Span-80 into a three-necked bottle, stirring in a water bath at 60-80 ℃ at 500-600rpm until Span-80 is dissolved, dripping kernel liquid, stirring at 8000-10000rpm for 5-10 minutes, and obtaining a primary emulsion; Cooling the primary emulsion to room temperature, reducing the stirring speed to 500-600rpm, dripping the intermediate layer liquid, and continuously stirring for 20-30 minutes until sodium alginate is gelled to prepare a compound emulsion; mixing the poly-N-isopropyl acrylamide pre-polymerization solution with chitosan solution, stirring uniformly to obtain mixed outer layer solution, pouring the composite emulsion into the mixed outer layer solution, stirring at 300-500rpm at room temperature for 40-60 minutes, then dripping glutaraldehyde solution with the mass fraction of 0.5%, and reacting at 40 ℃ for 1.5-2 hours to obtain microsphere emulsion; and (3) filtering the microsphere emulsion to collect microspheres, washing with petroleum ether for 2-3 times, washing with deionized water for 2-3 times, and draining surface moisture to obtain the soil steam sterilization microsphere structure.
5. The method for preparing a microsphere structure for soil improvement according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of the liquid paraffin to Span-80 is 10 (1-2).
6. The method for preparing a microsphere structure for soil improvement according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of the poly-N-isopropylacrylamide pre-polymerization solution to the chitosan solution in the mixed outer layer solution is 1:3, and the mass ratio of the chitosan to the 1% acetic acid solution in the chitosan solution is 1:50.
7. The method for preparing a microsphere structure for soil improvement according to claim 4, wherein the poly N-isopropylacrylamide pre-polymerization solution is prepared by dissolving N-isopropylacrylamide and ammonium persulfate in 5mL of water and stirring at 60-80 ℃ for 30-45 minutes, wherein the mass ratio of N-isopropylacrylamide to ammonium persulfate is 100 (1-3).
8. The method for producing a microsphere structure for soil improvement according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of the glutaraldehyde solution to the mixed outer layer solution is (1-3): 10.
9. Use of a microsphere structure for soil improvement according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the microsphere structure is loaded on MBBR filler for use in a soil steam disinfection process; The method for loading the microsphere structure on the MBBR filler comprises the steps of mixing the dried microsphere with the MBBR filler, simultaneously adding sodium alginate solution with the mass fraction of 1%, stirring for 1-2 hours at 30-40 ℃, then pre-freezing for 2 hours at-80 ℃, and then freeze-drying for 18-20 hours until the microsphere structure is completely dried, wherein the mass ratio of the microsphere to the MBBR filler is 1 (5-20).
10. The use of a microsphere structure for soil improvement according to claim 9, wherein the mass ratio of sodium alginate solution to microspheres is 1:10.

Description

Microsphere structure for soil improvement and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The application belongs to the technical field of soil treatment, and particularly relates to a microsphere structure for soil improvement, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background The soil is used as a core carrier for agricultural production and stable ecological system, and the quality of the soil directly determines the crop yield, the agricultural product safety and the regional ecological balance. In recent years, global soil faces serious challenges of aggravation and functional decline due to superposition of multiple factors such as intensive agriculture planting, industrial pollutant discharge, unreasonable fertilization and medication, extreme climate influence and the like, and soil management has become a key issue of ecological environment protection and sustainable development of agriculture. The core pain points of soil treatment are concentrated in multiple dimensions, namely, the soil pollution problem is prominent, heavy metal exceeds standard, pesticide and fertilizer residues are accumulated, pathogenic bacteria are bred and other pollution types are interwoven, the soil microbial community structure is damaged, the biological activity of the soil is reduced, the human health is threatened by a food chain, the physical and chemical properties of the soil are deteriorated, the soil aggregate structure is damaged due to long-term continuous cropping and excessive cultivation, the water and fertilizer retaining capacity is reduced, the problems of hardening, desertification, acidification or salinization and the like occur, the soil nutrient is unbalanced, the air permeability is poor, the root system development of crops is restricted, the ecological function of the soil is degraded, the quantity of beneficial microorganisms in the soil is reduced sharply under the double effects of pollution and physical and chemical property degradation, the material circulation and energy flow are blocked, the self-repairing capacity of the soil is lost, and the vicious cycle of pollution-degradation-productivity reduction is formed. In order to solve the problems, the conventional soil treatment technology and materials have diversified development, but the prior soil treatment technology and materials have the defects of single function, poor synergistic effect, short duration and the like. For example, the traditional soil conditioner focuses on single physical and chemical index restoration, such as lime is only applied to soil acidification or desulfurized gypsum is used to salinization, so that the pollution control and ecological restoration problems cannot be synchronously solved, soil water-retaining materials such as straw, peat and the like can improve the water content of soil in a short period and are easy to decompose and lose efficacy, pollution restoration materials such as activated carbon, zeolite and the like have limited adsorption capacity to pollutants and are difficult to realize targeted restoration and secondary pollution control, microbial agents are limited by the environmental adaptability of soil, the survival rate is low under severe soil conditions, and stable improvement effects are difficult to be exerted. Therefore, the integrated treatment material which has multiple functions of pollution purification, physicochemical property improvement, nutrient supply, ecological restoration and the like and can adapt to complex soil environment is developed, becomes a key requirement for breaking through the bottleneck of the current soil treatment technology and realizing comprehensive improvement of soil quality, and has important practical significance for promoting the green development of agriculture and improving ecological environment. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the problems, the application aims to overcome the defects of single function, poor effect, short duration and the like of materials for soil treatment in the prior art, and provides a microsphere structure for soil improvement, and a preparation method and application thereof. The microsphere structure can realize the synergistic effect of various functions such as water retention, nutrient supply, soil microenvironment regulation and the like, effectively improve the soil quality, play a good role in a soil steam disinfection scene, and help the disinfected soil to quickly recover. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions: in the first aspect, a microsphere structure for soil improvement takes MBBR filler as a reaction carrier, and the microsphere structure is loaded in the surface and the internal pores of the MBBR filler; Further, the microsphere structure comprises an inner core, an intermediate layer and an outer layer; the inner core comprises a water phase and an oil phase, wherein the water phase comprises sodi