CN-122012130-A - Coal tar component separation and directional upgrading method and system

CN122012130ACN 122012130 ACN122012130 ACN 122012130ACN-122012130-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a coal tar component separation and directional upgrading method and system, wherein the method comprises the steps of collecting raw material coal tar and each logistics detection data on line and constructing component fingerprint vectors, calculating emulsification state quantity through the raw material component fingerprint vectors, adjusting pretreatment separation working conditions in a closed loop mode to achieve oil-water-solid synergistic removal and stable breaking of an emulsification system, inputting the fraction component fingerprint vectors into a quality prediction model in fractional distillation, generating a cutting point correction quantity according to quality prediction deviation, adjusting a side line extraction temperature set value, a side line extraction quantity set value and a reflux ratio set value in a linkage mode to stabilize a cutting boundary, automatically routing each fraction into at least two upgrading branches according to a fingerprint threshold set and a path selection matrix, retesting upgrading discharge, triggering reflux bypass reprocessing through a non-standard logistics, and outputting high-consistency coal tar fractions capable of being stably fed and controllable quality heavy residues through recovering cutting redistribution nodes and performing rerouting.

Inventors

JIN PENG
CAI CHUANG
LIN XIONGCHAO
HE HONGYANG
WANG SONGLIN
ZHANG XIAOMING
XU YONGXIAN
LU PENGYU
ZHANG YONGJIE
GU XIAOHU
LOU WEIJIANG
WANG ZHIQIANG
ZHENG JIANHUA
LU PEIZHONG
HU CHUNYU
FENG JUNJIE
TENG FEI
ZHANG YALEI
YANG SHUAIYUAN
ZHANG JING
YANG DONGZI
ZHAO ZHANLEI
LI XINPING
LI LONG

Assignees

中国平煤神马控股集团有限公司
波露明（北京）科技有限公司
中国矿业大学(北京)
河南首成科技新材料有限公司
河南科技学院
开封平煤新型炭材料科技有限公司
平顶山天安煤业股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260213

Claims (10)

1. The method for separating and directionally upgrading the coal tar components is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, collecting detection data of each material flow in raw material coal tar and separation process on line, and constructing a raw material component fingerprint vector based on the detection data Fraction component fingerprint vector 、、 Wherein Corresponding to the light fraction of the crude oil, Corresponding to the middle distillate fraction, the catalyst, A corresponding heavy fraction; S2, fingerprint vector of raw material components Calculating an emulsification state quantity E, and taking the emulsification state quantity E as a control target to adjust a pretreatment separation working condition in a closed loop manner, so that pretreatment discharge meets preset emulsification state constraint, and oil, water and solid cooperative removal and stable breaking of an emulsification system are completed; S3, feeding the pretreated discharge in the step S2 into a fractional distillation device to obtain light fraction, middle fraction, heavy fraction and heavy residue; S4, fingerprint vector of fraction components 、、 Inputting the quality prediction model and outputting the corresponding quality prediction index vector 、、 And according to 、、 And corresponding target quality index vector 、、 Deviation generation cutting point correction amount of (2) The side line extraction temperature set value, the side line extraction quantity set value and the reflux ratio set value of the fractional distillation device are regulated in a linkage way, so that the on-line stability of the cut boundary of the fraction is realized; S5, collecting according to fingerprint threshold values Performing automatic routing on the light fraction, the middle fraction and the heavy fraction with a path selection matrix R, distributing the light fraction, the middle fraction and the heavy fraction into at least two upgrading branches of an adsorption upgrading branch, an extraction upgrading branch and a hydrogenation stabilization upgrading branch, and removing sulfur-containing components, nitrogen-containing components, oxygen-containing active components and metal impurities; S6, carrying out online retest on the discharged materials of all quality improving branches and constructing fingerprint vectors after quality improvement 、、 Triggering a reflux bypass for reprocessing when the retest result does not meet the corresponding target quality index vector, and refluxing the substandard material flow to the fractional distillation device and entering a recovery cutting reassignment flow, or bypassing the corresponding quality improving branch to form a quality closed loop; and S7, the controller executes constrained rolling optimization, and jointly adjusts the pretreatment separation working condition, the reflux ratio set value, the side stream extraction set value and the reflux bypass flow, so that the impurity content upper limit constraint, the target fraction yield lower limit constraint and the energy consumption upper limit constraint are simultaneously met.
2. The method for separating and directionally improving the quality of coal tar components according to claim 1, wherein the fingerprint vectors of the raw material components are as follows Fingerprint vectors of the fraction components 、、 Comprises a light fingerprint component, an impurity spectrum fingerprint component and a stability fingerprint component, wherein the light fingerprint component comprises 、、 Three boiling range characteristic quantities, impurity spectrum fingerprint component including sulfur fingerprint component Fingerprint component of nitrogen Fingerprint component of oxygen Metal fingerprint component The stability fingerprint component includes an aggregation propensity fingerprint component Residual emulsified fingerprint component 。
3. The method for separating and directionally improving the quality of the coal tar components according to claim 1, wherein the emulsifying state quantity E is obtained by calculating an online water content W, an online conductivity K and an online water drop particle size characteristic quantity D, the pretreatment separating working condition of closed-loop adjustment in the step S2 comprises a demulsifier filling quantity, a coalescence electric field strength and a solid-liquid separation device rotating speed, and the preset emulsifying state constraint comprises a pretreatment discharge water content upper limit and a pretreatment discharge solid content upper limit.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the pretreatment separation conditions in step S2 include a mixed demulsification sub-process, a three-phase separation sub-process, and a fine solids removal sub-process, and the fine solids removal is performed by cyclone separation or filtration.
5. The method for separating and directionally improving the quality of a coal tar component according to claim 1, wherein the correction amount of the cutting point in the step S4 At the same time, the side offtake temperature set value, the side offtake quantity set value and the reflux ratio set value are acted on The quality prediction model establishes a quality prediction map based on the fraction component fingerprint vector and the fractional distillation operation variable to output a quality prediction index vector 、、。
6. The method for separating and directionally improving coal tar component according to claim 1, wherein the routing matrix R in the step S5 outputs unique improving branch routing instruction for each fraction in each control period, and satisfies the routing interlock condition that the routing vector of the ith fraction is the routing vector of the ith fraction Component(s) of (2) Satisfy the following requirements And is also provided with Wherein K is the number of upgrading branches, K is the index of the upgrading branch, and the available indication quantity of the kth upgrading branch And load permit indication Satisfy the following requirements When any upgrading branch does not meet the requirements of the fraction When this fraction is introduced into the reflux bypass reprocessing channel at step S6, the controller prohibits the fraction from entering the product tank bypassing the reflux bypass reprocessing channel.
7. A coal tar component separation and directional upgrading system for implementing the coal tar component separation and directional upgrading method according to any one of claims 1-6, comprising an on-line detection device, a pretreatment separation module, a fractional distillation module, a directional upgrading module, a reflux bypass module, and a controller, wherein: The online detection device is used for collecting detection data of raw material coal tar and each logistics and outputting the detection data to the controller; The pretreatment separation module is used for finishing the cooperative removal of oil, water and solids and the stable breaking of an emulsifying system under the regulation of the controller and outputting pretreatment discharge; The fractional distillation module is communicated with the pretreatment separation module and is used for dividing the pretreatment discharge into light fraction, middle fraction, heavy fraction and heavy residue, and the fractional distillation module is provided with at least two side line extraction loops; The directional quality improving module is communicated with the fractional distillation module and comprises at least two quality improving branches of an adsorption quality improving branch, an extraction quality improving branch and a hydrogenation stabilization quality improving branch; the reflux bypass module is used for refluxing the substandard material flow to the fractional distillation module and entering a recovery cutting redistribution flow under the instruction of the controller, or bypassing the corresponding upgrading branch to form a quality closed loop; the controller is used for constructing a component fingerprint vector and calculating an emulsification state quantity, generating a cutting point correction quantity, connecting the cutting point correction quantity with a side line extraction set value and a reflux ratio set value, executing a path selection matrix to realize quality improvement branch route and route interlocking, executing retest to trigger reflux bypass reprocessing, and executing constrained rolling optimization to cooperatively meet the upper limit of impurity content, the lower limit of target fraction yield and the upper limit of energy consumption.
8. The system for separating and directionally upgrading coal tar components according to claim 7, wherein the on-line detection device comprises a device for outputting three boiling range characteristic quantities 、、 Boiling range feature detection unit of (2) and output sulfur fingerprint component With nitrogen fingerprint component An online component detection unit for outputting online water content W, online conductivity K and online water drop particle size characteristic quantity D.
9. The coal tar component separation and directional upgrading system according to claim 7, wherein the fractional distillation module is configured to recover, cut and redistribute nodes The return line and recovery cut redistribution node of the return bypass module Connection to cause the substandard reflux stream to pass through said recovery cut redistribution node And reconstructing corresponding fraction component fingerprint vectors for the light fraction, the middle fraction and the heavy fraction output by the recovery cutting redistribution flow by the controller and re-executing path selection matrix calculation to output a re-routing instruction so as to form a re-routing closed loop.
10. The system for separating and directionally improving the quality of the coal tar components according to claim 7, wherein the controller comprises a quality prediction unit, a cutting point correction unit, a routing decision unit, a retest decision unit, a reflux bypass reprocessing trigger unit and a rolling optimization unit, wherein the rolling optimization unit takes a weighted combination of quality deviation, energy consumption and yield loss as an objective function, takes an impurity content upper limit constraint, a target fraction yield lower limit constraint and an energy consumption upper limit constraint as a constraint set, and outputs linkage set values of a pretreatment separation module, a fractional distillation module and a reflux bypass module.

Description

Coal tar component separation and directional upgrading method and system Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of deep processing and process control of coal chemical industry and coking byproducts, in particular to a method and a system for separating and directionally improving the quality of coal tar components. Background Coal tar is one of the main byproducts in the coking process, and the components of the coal tar cover various substances such as light aromatic hydrocarbon, phenols, naphthalene, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, asphaltene and the like, generally carry free water, emulsified water, fine slag and salts, and simultaneously contain sulfur-containing components, nitrogen-containing components, oxygen-containing active components and trace metals. In industrial scenes, significant batch fluctuation of coal tar can be caused by the structural change of coal tar source coal and coal blending, fluctuation of coke oven temperature and condensation working condition, and residence time difference of a primary separator and a storage tank, and the typical manifestation is as follows: (1) The water content and the emulsion structure are different, namely the free water proportion, the particle size of emulsion water drops, the interfacial film strength and the salt distribution are changed, so that the demulsification difficulty and the separation efficiency are greatly fluctuated; (2) Fine slag and ash enter a subsequent tower system to easily cause heat exchanger scaling, tray blockage and corrosion risks, and the salt migration can cause local corrosion and coking precursor accumulation; (3) Boiling range distribution drift and distillate intermixing, wherein when fractional distillation depends on an empirical cutting point, the raw material boiling range drift can cause lateral line composition drift, and light fraction entrains heavy components or medium and heavy fraction entrains light components, so that quality dispersion and downstream processing are unstable; (4) The quality improvement load mutation and the stability are insufficient, namely when the impurity spectrum is dispersed and the load is suddenly changed, the adsorption bed is advanced in penetration, the extraction distribution coefficient is fluctuated or the hydrogenation stabilization load is abnormal, the phenomenon of 'same fraction index is suddenly high and suddenly low' easily occurs, and the consistency of storage and transportation and subsequent deep processing is difficult to ensure. Therefore, the single core technical problem to be solved in the art is how to establish a closed-loop control system of cross-pretreatment separation, fractional distillation, directional upgrading and reflux bypass reprocessing under the conditions of coal tar raw material fluctuation and impurity spectrum dispersion, so that a cutting boundary is stable, an upgrading path can be executed, and substandard logistics can be forcedly subjected to closed-loop reprocessing, thereby outputting target fractions with consistent quality for a long time and considering yield and energy consumption. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention discloses a coal tar component separation and directional upgrading method and a system, which are used for outputting high-consistency coal tar fractions capable of being stably fed and heavy residues with controllable quality by establishing a quality closed-loop control mechanism of cross-pretreatment separation, fractional distillation, directional upgrading and reflux bypass reprocessing, so that the impurity content of target fractions meets the upper limit constraint, the yield of the target fractions meets the lower limit constraint and the energy consumption meets the upper limit constraint. The technical scheme is that in order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: The coal tar component separation and directional upgrading method specifically comprises the following steps: s1, collecting detection data of each material flow in raw material coal tar and separation process on line, and constructing a raw material component fingerprint vector based on the detection data Fraction component fingerprint vector、、WhereinCorresponding to the light fraction of the crude oil,Corresponding to the middle distillate fraction, the catalyst,A corresponding heavy fraction; S2, fingerprint vector of raw material components Calculating an emulsification state quantity E, and taking the emulsification state quantity E as a control target to adjust a pretreatment separation working condition in a closed loop manner, so that pretreatment discharge meets preset emulsification state constraint, and oil, water and solid cooperative removal and stable breaking of an emulsification system are completed; S3, feeding the pretreated discharge in the step S2 into a fractional distillation device to obtain light fracti