CN-122012150-A - Coal dust gas self-adaptive separation and cooperative conversion in-situ power generation device and method

CN122012150ACN 122012150 ACN122012150 ACN 122012150ACN-122012150-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a coal dust gas self-adaptive separation and cooperative conversion in-situ power generation device and method, and relates to the technical field of coal mine gas control and utilization. The device comprises a shell, an inertia grading separation mechanism, a centrifugal separation mechanism, a coal dust gasifier, a methane reformer and a solid oxide fuel cell, wherein the inertia grading separation mechanism is communicated with an air inlet of the shell, a plurality of parallel inertia separation channels are arranged to enable a coal dust-containing gas mixture to form a flow velocity gradient, the centrifugal separation mechanism is arranged at the downstream of the inertia grading separation mechanism to separate coal dust and methane, the coal dust gasifier is communicated with a coal dust outlet of the centrifugal separation mechanism, and the methane reformer is communicated with a methane outlet of the centrifugal separation mechanism. The solid oxide fuel cell anode is communicated with the synthesis gas outlet of the coal dust gasifier and the methane reformer, and the synthesis gas is utilized to generate electric energy so as to realize in-situ power generation in coal seam drilling.

Inventors

ZHANG LEI
HAO DINGYI
WU GANG
LI JINGHUA
YANG YUANZHONG
HUANG SHOUYE
Che Hongxin
TIAN HE
TIAN YE
WANG HUAN
XIA WEI
LI SONGZHAO
WANG DEYANG
WANG KE

Assignees

中国矿业大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260210

Claims (10)

1. The coal dust and gas self-adaptive separation and cooperative conversion in-situ power generation device is characterized by comprising: the shell is used for being placed in a coal seam drilling hole, and an air inlet is formed in one end, extending into the coal seam drilling hole, of the shell; The inertial classification separation mechanism is arranged in the shell and is communicated with the air inlet, a plurality of parallel inertial separation channels are arranged from top to bottom and are distributed from small to large in the cross section area from top to bottom, so that a flow velocity gradient is formed when the gas mixture containing coal dust passes through, and further the mixture of the coal dust and the gas is subjected to inertial classification separation; the centrifugal separation mechanism is arranged in the shell and positioned at the downstream of the inertial fractionation mechanism and is used for carrying out centrifugal fine separation on the mixture subjected to the inertial fractionation so as to separate coal dust and methane gas; the pulverized coal gasifier is arranged in the shell and is communicated with a pulverized coal outlet of the centrifugal separation mechanism; The methane reformer is arranged in the shell and is communicated with a methane outlet of the centrifugal separation mechanism; the solid oxide fuel cell is arranged in the shell, the anode of the solid oxide fuel cell is communicated with the synthesis gas outlets of the pulverized coal gasifier and the methane reformer, and the cathode of the solid oxide fuel cell is connected with an air inlet.
2. The device for adaptively separating and cooperatively converting pulverized coal and gas in-situ power generation according to claim 1, wherein the inertial fractionation mechanism comprises a gas diversion chamber and a separation member, one end of the gas diversion chamber is communicated with the gas inlet of the shell, the separation member is arranged in the middle of the gas diversion chamber to divide the gas diversion chamber into a first inertial separation channel and a second inertial separation channel, the first inertial separation channel is positioned above the separation member, the cross-sectional area of the first inertial separation channel is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the second inertial separation channel positioned below the separation member, so that the flow rate of the mixed gas containing pulverized coal and gas entering the first inertial separation channel is larger than the flow rate of the mixed gas entering the second inertial separation channel.
3. The device for adaptively separating and cooperatively converting pulverized coal and gas into in-situ power generation according to claim 1, wherein one end of the separating piece, which is close to the air inlet of the shell, is an inclined end, the inclined end is inclined from bottom to top towards the air inlet of the shell, and the top edge of the inclined end is a separation boundary line of the first inertial separation channel and the second inertial separation channel.
4. The device for adaptively separating and cooperatively converting pulverized coal and gas into in-situ power generation according to claim 3, wherein a third inertial separation channel is arranged in the separating piece, a shutter type filtering baffle is arranged on the end face of the inclined end of the separating piece, and the shutter type filtering baffle is used for communicating the third inertial separation channel with the second inertial separation channel and filtering air flow entering the third inertial separation channel from the second inertial separation channel.
5. The device of claim 4, further comprising a first slope and a second slope, wherein the first slope is fixedly connected to the top surface of the separator and positioned in the first inertial separation channel, and the second slope is inversely arranged and fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the separator and positioned in the second inertial separation channel.
6. The device for adaptively separating and cooperatively converting pulverized coal and gas in-situ power generation according to claim 5, wherein the centrifugal separation mechanism comprises a centrifugal separation chamber, a first centrifugal separation channel, a first separation spiral, a second centrifugal separation channel, a second separation spiral, a third centrifugal separation channel, a third separation spiral, a first gas inlet channel, a second gas inlet channel, a third gas inlet channel, a first pulverized coal inlet channel, a second pulverized coal inlet channel, a third pulverized coal inlet channel and a pulverized coal collecting bucket, one end of the first centrifugal separation channel is communicated with the first inertial separation channel, the other end of the first centrifugal separation channel extends into the centrifugal separation chamber to be communicated with the first gas inlet channel and the first pulverized coal inlet channel, an air inlet of the first gas inlet channel is positioned above the first pulverized coal inlet channel, an air outlet of the first gas inlet channel is communicated with an air outlet of the centrifugal separation chamber, the first pulverized coal inlet channel is vertically arranged, the bottom end of the first pulverized coal inlet channel is communicated with the pulverized coal collecting bucket, the first centrifugal separation channel is arranged on the first spiral separation channel to be rotatably carried by the first centrifugal separation channel, and the first pulverized coal is introduced into the first inertial separation channel to be rotationally separated and mixed; One end of the second centrifugal separation channel is communicated with the third inertial separation channel, the other end of the second centrifugal separation channel stretches into the centrifugal separation chamber to be communicated with the second gas inlet channel and the second coal dust inlet channel, an air inlet of the second gas inlet channel is positioned above the second coal dust inlet channel, an air outlet of the second gas inlet channel is communicated with an air outlet of the centrifugal separation chamber, the second coal dust inlet channel is vertically arranged, the bottom end of the second coal dust inlet channel is communicated with the coal dust collecting hopper, and the second separation screw is arranged in the second centrifugal separation channel to perform centrifugal force on a mixture led out of the third inertial separation channel through rotation, so that coal dust carried in the second gas inlet channel is separated into the second coal dust inlet channel and flows into the coal dust collecting hopper; One end of the third centrifugal separation channel is communicated with the second inertial separation channel, the other end of the third centrifugal separation channel stretches into the centrifugal separation chamber to be communicated with the third gas inlet channel and the third coal dust inlet channel, an air inlet of the third gas inlet channel is positioned above the third coal dust inlet channel, an air outlet of the third gas inlet channel is communicated with an air outlet of the centrifugal separation chamber, the third coal dust inlet channel is vertically arranged, the bottom end of the third coal dust inlet channel is communicated with the coal dust collecting hopper, and the third separation screw is arranged in the third centrifugal separation channel to separate coal dust carried in the third coal dust inlet channel into the coal dust collecting hopper under the centrifugal force action of a mixture led out of the second inertial separation channel through rotation; The bottom of the pulverized coal collecting hopper is communicated with the pulverized coal gasifier.
7. The device for adaptively separating and cooperatively converting pulverized coal and gas into in-situ power generation according to claim 6, wherein the centrifugal separation mechanism further comprises a gas inlet manifold, a pulverized coal filtering piece and a impurity removing filtering piece, the gas inlet manifold is arranged in the centrifugal separation chamber, the first centrifugal separation channel, the second centrifugal separation channel and the third centrifugal separation channel are horizontally arranged and are communicated with the middle part of the gas inlet manifold, the bottom of the gas inlet manifold is communicated with the pulverized coal collecting hopper, the pulverized coal filtering piece is arranged at the communication position of the bottom of the gas inlet manifold and the pulverized coal collecting hopper, the top end of the gas inlet manifold is communicated with the top air outlet of the centrifugal separation chamber, the impurity removing filtering piece is arranged at the communication position of the top end of the gas inlet manifold and the air outlet of the top of the centrifugal separation chamber, and the top air outlet of the centrifugal separation chamber is communicated with the methane reformer.
8. The device of claim 6, further comprising a methane separator, a multi-layer gas purifier, an exhaust gas discharge pipe and an exhaust gas electromagnetic valve, wherein one end of the methane separator is communicated with the coal dust gasifier, the methane outlet end of the methane separator is communicated with the air inlet end of the methane reformer, the synthesis gas outlet end of the methane separator is communicated with the air inlet end of the multi-layer gas purifier, the air outlet end of the multi-layer gas purifier is communicated with the anode of the solid oxide fuel cell, one end of the exhaust gas discharge pipe is communicated with the exhaust gas discharge port of the multi-layer gas purifier, and the exhaust gas electromagnetic valve is arranged on the exhaust gas discharge pipe to control on-off of the exhaust gas electromagnetic valve.
9. The pulverized coal and gas self-adaptive separation and co-conversion in-situ power generation device according to claim 8, further comprising a steam input pipeline, a steam storage, a first steam output pipeline, a first air jet, a first electromagnetic valve, a second steam output pipeline, a second air jet, a second electromagnetic valve, a third steam output pipeline, a third electromagnetic valve, a fourth steam output pipeline, a fourth air jet, a fourth electromagnetic valve and a fifth electromagnetic valve, wherein the steam storage is arranged in the shell, one end of the steam input pipeline is communicated with an anode exhaust port of the solid oxide fuel cell, the other end of the steam input pipeline is communicated with an input end of the steam storage, one end of the first steam output pipeline is communicated with an output end of the steam storage, the other end of the first steam output pipeline extends into the first centrifugal separation channel and is provided with the first air jet, the first electromagnetic valve is arranged on the first steam output pipeline to control on-off of the first steam output pipeline, one end of the second steam output pipeline is communicated with an output end of the steam storage, the other end of the second steam output pipeline extends into the second centrifugal separation channel and is provided with the second electromagnetic valve, one end of the second electromagnetic valve extends into the second centrifugal separation channel and is arranged on the second centrifugal separation channel and is provided with the second electromagnetic valve, the other end of the second electromagnetic valve is arranged to drive the second electromagnetic valve to the third output pipeline to the third centrifugal separation pipeline to rotate, the first electromagnetic valve is arranged on the second spiral separation pipeline is communicated with the third output pipeline to the third output pipeline and the third electromagnetic valve is arranged on the second spiral separation pipeline to control on the second spiral separator and is respectively connected with the output end of the third electromagnetic valve and connected with the third output pipeline, the fourth electromagnetic valve is arranged on the fourth steam output pipeline to control the on-off of the fourth electromagnetic valve, and the fifth electromagnetic valve is arranged on the steam input pipeline to control the on-off of the fifth electromagnetic valve.
10. The method for using the pulverized coal-gas self-adaptive separation and cooperative conversion in-situ power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, inertial fractionation, namely introducing gas mixture containing pulverized coal into the shell from the air inlet and enabling the gas mixture to flow through the inertial fractionation mechanism, wherein in the inertial fractionation mechanism, the gas mixture flows through a plurality of parallel inertial fractionation channels with cross sections distributed from small to large from top to bottom, so that a flow velocity gradient from top to bottom is formed in the gas mixture, and the primary inertial fractionation of the mixture is realized based on the flow velocity gradient and the inertia difference of pulverized coal particles; S2, centrifugal fine separation, namely introducing the mixture subjected to the inertial fractionation in the step S1 into a centrifugal separation mechanism in the shell, and carrying out secondary fine separation on the mixture by utilizing a centrifugal force field generated by the centrifugal separation mechanism so as to finally separate coal dust flow and gas flow; S3, co-gasification and reforming, namely, introducing the pulverized coal flow separated in the step S2 into the pulverized coal gasifier in the shell to perform gasification reaction to generate synthesis gas, and simultaneously, introducing the gas flow separated in the step S2 into the methane reformer in the shell through filtration to perform reforming reaction to generate synthesis gas; S4, in-situ power generation, namely introducing the synthesis gas generated by the pulverized coal gasifier and the methane reformer in the step S3 into an anode of the solid oxide fuel cell in the shell, simultaneously introducing air into a cathode of the solid oxide fuel cell, and realizing in-situ power generation in coal seam drilling based on electrochemical reaction of the solid oxide fuel cell.

Description

Coal dust gas self-adaptive separation and cooperative conversion in-situ power generation device and method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine gas control and utilization, in particular to a coal dust gas self-adaptive separation and cooperative conversion in-situ power generation device and method. Background The gas is taken as associated gas for coal mining, forms serious threat to coal mine safety production, and is a clean energy source with abundant reserves. The coalbed methane in China is rich in resources, the high-gas mine accounts for over 70 percent, the gas reserves are considerable, and the coalbed methane is expected to occupy important positions in future energy structures. The traditional gas utilization mode is usually to extract to the ground first and then to concentrate power generation. After gas is extracted from coal seam drilling holes, the gas is conveyed to a ground treatment station through a long-distance pipeline, so that the energy consumption is high, the investment cost is high, and the comprehensive utilization efficiency of energy is low. In contrast, the coal-bed gas in-situ power generation mode can directly finish treatment and power generation at a gas output source, so that the energy consumption cost, leakage risk and pressure loss of a conveying link are effectively avoided, the near efficient energy conversion is realized, and the method is a better choice for clean and efficient utilization of gas. However, the solid oxide fuel cell can efficiently and cleanly utilize hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the fuel gas to generate electricity, but has extremely high purity requirements for the fuel gas. The coal seam drilling environment is special, and when gas enters the device, solid particles such as a large amount of coal dust, a small amount of magnesium powder and the like generated by drilling operation are necessarily mixed with impurities such as sulfur, chlorine and the like. If the battery is directly used for power generation, the battery can be severely corroded, so that the power generation efficiency is greatly reduced, and the service life of equipment is obviously shortened. Therefore, an integrated system and device capable of realizing efficient separation of coal dust and gas, recycling each component and finally achieving stable and efficient power generation are needed, and a solution is provided for in-situ clean and efficient utilization of coal seam drilling gas. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a coal-dust gas self-adaptive separation and cooperative conversion in-situ power generation device and method, which are used for solving the problems of the prior art, effectively improving the separation efficiency of coal-mine gas and coal dust and effectively improving the energy utilization rate and the system operation stability. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions: the invention provides a coal dust and gas self-adaptive separation and cooperative conversion in-situ power generation device which comprises a shell, an inertial grading separation mechanism, a centrifugal separation mechanism, a coal dust gasifier and a methane reformer, wherein the shell is used for being placed in a coal seam drilling hole, an air inlet is formed in one end of the shell, which extends into the coal seam drilling hole, the inertial grading separation mechanism is arranged in the shell and is communicated with the air inlet, a plurality of parallel inertial separation channels are formed from top to bottom in the inertial grading separation mechanism, the cross section area of each inertial separation channel is distributed from small to large in the top to bottom direction so as to form a flow velocity gradient when a gas mixture containing coal dust passes through, the coal dust and gas mixture is subjected to inertial grading separation, the centrifugal separation mechanism is arranged in the shell and is positioned at the downstream of the inertial grading separation mechanism and is used for carrying out centrifugal fine separation on the mixture subjected to inertial grading separation so as to separate coal dust and methane gas, the coal dust gasifier is arranged in the shell and is communicated with an air outlet of the air separation mechanism, the methane reformer is arranged in the shell and is communicated with an air inlet of the fuel cell, and the methane reformer is communicated with the air inlet of the solid oxide gasifier. Preferably, the inertial fractionation mechanism comprises a gas diversion chamber and a separating piece, wherein one end of the gas diversion chamber is communicated with the gas inlet of the shell, the separating piece is arranged in the middle of the gas diversion chamber to divide the gas diversion chamber into a first inertial separation channel and a second inertial separation channel, the first inertial se