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CN-122012228-A - PCR virus detection all-in-one machine

CN122012228ACN 122012228 ACN122012228 ACN 122012228ACN-122012228-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a PCR virus detection integrated machine, which relates to the technical field of biological detection and is used for extracting air and water viruses and detecting PCR, and solves the problems of poor adaptation, complex operation, and difficult precision and portability of the existing distributed equipment. The integrated machine comprises a frame and a pipetting core unit, wherein the pipetting core unit comprises a pipetting main body and a virus extraction unit, the pipetting main body unit integrates a pipetting gun, eight-row grabbing, sleeve inserting and removing units and the like, X, Y-direction movement is realized through a guide rail sliding block, Z-direction movement of each subunit is realized through a screw nut and a push rod motor, multi-tooth hook claws and a pneumatic device accurately grab, an electric push rod and a photoelectric switch accurately insert pipe are separated, the virus extraction unit is fixed at the bottom of the frame, the units such as liquid storage and PCR detection are integrated, and the eight-row unit is provided with a stepped insert plate compensation height difference, and a condensation structure is used for high-efficiency refrigeration. The invention realizes the integration of the whole detection process, has compact structure, strong interference resistance, field adaptation, high efficiency, high precision and low operation threshold.

Inventors

  • ZHANG LEIYU
  • SUN YIPENG
  • ZHANG YAQI
  • Yang Haikuo
  • HOU RUITING
  • CHEN YANJIN

Assignees

  • 北京工业大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260311

Claims (7)

  1. 1. The PCR virus detection integrated machine is used for extracting virus components in air and water and is matched with a PCR detection device to realize detection of the virus components, and is characterized by mainly comprising a frame (1) and a pipetting core unit (2), wherein the pipetting core unit (2) comprises a pipetting main body unit (3) and a virus extraction unit (4), the pipetting main body unit (3) consists of a pipetting gun unit (5), an eight-row grabbing unit (6), a sleeve inserting and extracting unit (7), an equipment connecting plate (8) and an adapting unit (9), the virus extraction unit (4) consists of an integrated bottom plate (10), an integrated mounting plate (11), a liquid storage unit (12), a sleeve unit (13), a gun head unit (14), an eight-row unit (15), a 48-orifice unit (16), a PCR detection unit (17) and the like, and the pipetting main body unit (3) is assembled on a cross beam of the frame (1) through a guide rail sliding block mechanism and can linearly reciprocate along X and Y directions; The eight-row grabbing unit (6) mainly comprises a movable hook claw (41), a fixed hook claw (40), a hook claw base (42), a pneumatic unit (44) and the like, wherein the eight-row grabbing unit (6) is arranged on the back surface of a pipette mounting plate (19) and forms an integrated structure with the pipette unit (5), and Z-direction linear motion is realized through a screw nut mechanism on a pipette bottom plate (20); A push rod motor (57) arranged on the sleeve bottom plate (51) drives the sleeve inserting and extracting unit (7) to realize Z-direction linear motion; The pipetting gun unit (5) is connected with the cannula inserting and extracting unit (7) through two device connecting plates (8), the switching unit (9) is fixed on the back of the cannula inserting and extracting unit (7), and the switching unit (9) is arranged on a guide rail sliding block mechanism of the frame (1); The virus extraction unit (4) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the frame (1), and each component unit of the virus extraction unit is matched with the pipetting main body unit (3) in a cooperative manner so as to finish virus extraction and detection operation; The pipette unit (5) mainly comprises a pipette (18), a pipette mounting plate (19), a pipette bottom plate (20), a servo motor (23), a ball screw (39), a screw nut (28) and the like, wherein the pipette (18) is mounted on the upper surface of the pipette mounting plate (19), the pipette mounting plate (19) is fixed on the upper surface of a sliding block (34) and a nut sleeve (29), the nut sleeve (29) is mounted on the outer surface of the screw nut (28), a guide rail sliding block mechanism is mounted on the upper surface of the pipette bottom plate (20), a screw nut mechanism (22) is mounted in a bearing of a bearing seat (38), the servo motor (23), a speed reducer (24), a coupler (25) and the ball screw (39) are coaxially connected, and the four are fixed on the upper surface of the pipette bottom plate (20) through a motor bracket (26) and a motor bracket cushion block (27).
  2. 2. The PCR virus detection integrated machine according to claim 1, wherein the eight-row grabbing unit (6) mainly comprises a fixed hook claw (40), an air cylinder (45), a movable hook claw (41), a hook claw base (42), a hook claw pressing block (43) and the like, the fixed hook claw (40) is installed in a groove on the upper surface of the hook claw base (42), seven teeth are arranged at the tail end of the fixed hook claw (40), the air cylinder (45) is fixed on a square boss on the upper surface of the hook claw base (42) through a double nut on the air cylinder, the movable hook claw (41) and a push rod of the air cylinder (45) are relatively fixed through the double nut, three teeth are arranged at the tail end of the movable hook claw (41), the movable hook claw pressing block (43) limits the movable hook claw (41) to the upper surface of the fixed hook claw (40), and the movable hook claw (41) is driven by the push rod of the air cylinder (45) to do linear reciprocating motion so as to press and release the eight-row (46).
  3. 3. The PCR virus detection integrated machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pneumatic unit (44) comprises an air pump (47), an air cylinder (45) and a three-position five-way electromagnetic valve (48), the air pump (47) is used as a power source of the air cylinder (45), and the air pump and the air cylinder are controlled by the three-position five-way electromagnetic valve (48) to realize the telescopic function of a push rod of the air cylinder (45).
  4. 4. The PCR virus detection integrated machine according to claim 1, wherein the sleeve insertion and extraction unit (7) mainly comprises an electric push rod (54), an electric push rod mounting plate (50), a guide slide block (58), a sleeve bottom plate (51), a magnetic rod (61), a magnetic rod supporting seat (52), a push rod motor (57) and the like, the electric push rod (54) is mounted on the upper surface of the electric push rod mounting plate (50), the electric push rod mounting plate (50) is fixed on the upper surfaces of the slide block (34) and the guide slide block (58), the guide slide block (58) is screwed on a push rod of the push rod motor (57), the guide slide block mechanism is mounted on the upper surface of the sleeve bottom plate (51), a small photoelectric switch (64) is mounted in a groove on the upper surface of the sleeve bottom plate (51), the magnetic rod (61) is screwed in a magnetic rod mounting block (55) at the tail end of the electric push rod (54), and penetrates through a round hole of the magnetic rod supporting seat (52), the push rod motor (57) is mounted on the upper surface of the sleeve bottom plate (51) through a push rod motor bracket (59), the push rod photoelectric switch (65) is fixed on the middle part of the sleeve bottom plate (51), and the small photoelectric switch (66) is fixed on the hollow-shaped mounting plate (50).
  5. 5. The integrated machine for detecting PCR viruses according to claim 1, wherein the virus extraction unit (4) mainly comprises an integrated bottom plate (10), an integrated mounting plate (11), a liquid storage unit (12), a sleeve unit (13), a gun head unit (14), an eight-row unit (15), a 48-hole plate unit (16), a PCR detection unit (17) and the like, the integrated bottom plate (10) is mounted at the bottom of the frame (1), the integrated mounting plate (11) is mounted in a groove on the upper surface of the integrated bottom plate (10), and the liquid storage unit (12), the sleeve unit (13) and the like are mounted on the upper surface of the integrated mounting plate (11).
  6. 6. The PCR virus detection integrated machine according to claim 1, wherein the eight-row grabbing unit (6) is fixed at the bottom of the pipette mounting plate (19) in the pipette unit (5) and can do linear reciprocating motion together with the pipette mounting plate (19), and a certain height difference exists between the lower surface of the fixed hook claw (40) in the eight-row grabbing unit (6) and the lower surface of the pipette (18) in the pipette unit (5).
  7. 7. The PCR virus detection integrated machine according to claim 1, wherein the eight-row unit (15) comprises a bracket (88), an inserting plate (89), an outer support (90), a storage box (89) and a cooling bath (92), the cooling bath (92) is arranged on the lower surface of the bracket (88), the inserting plate (89) is arranged into a ladder-shaped structure to compensate the height difference between the eight-row grabbing unit (6) and the pipette unit (5), four groups of eight-row units (46) can be inserted on the inserting plate (89), the first group and the second group are arranged on the first ladder, the third group and the fourth group are arranged on the second ladder, a notch is arranged between two adjacent groups of eight-row units (46), the inserting plate (89) and the storage box (91) form a whole, a boss is arranged on the inner surface of the outer support (90), the storage box (91) is tightly held in a groove on the upper surface of the bracket (88), a condensing block (93) is arranged inside the storage box (91), the condensing block (93) is opposite to the notch, the condensing block (93) is arranged to the notch, the condensing block is arranged to increase the condensing area, the efficiency is improved, and the temperature between the storage box (88) and the cooling block (94) is used for conducting heat transfer.

Description

PCR virus detection all-in-one machine Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of biological detection, and particularly relates to a virus nucleic acid detection device based on Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), which is an innovative product of cross fusion of biomedical engineering and mechanical engineering. Background In the fields of environmental monitoring, public health prevention and control and ecological safety guarantee, virus screening and accurate detection of water bodies (drinking water, surface water, sewage treatment water bodies and the like) and air (indoor and outdoor various environmental air) are key to blocking virus propagation through water body diffusion and air aerosol and guaranteeing ecological safety and public health. The water body contains microorganisms and suspended impurities, the concentration of air viruses is extremely low and the air viruses are easy to adsorb on particles, the detection difficulty is greatly improved, and extremely high requirements on the timeliness, the precision and the anti-interference capability of the detection technology are provided. The PCR technology is used as a core means for detecting virus nucleic acid, can be used for in vitro rapid amplification of trace nucleic acid, and can amplify low-concentration virus nucleic acid in water and air to a detectable level, thereby providing an important scientific basis for prevention and control work. However, most of existing detection devices are in a distributed structure, and each operation module is independent of each other, so that the high-efficiency operation requirement of the complex detection scene is difficult to adapt. However, the existing PCR detection technology for water and air samples, especially the structure of the distributed equipment, has a plurality of technical problems in practical application, and has the restriction effects that firstly, the scene suitability is poor, the distributed module is required to be carried and assembled independently, the operation is complex in a field and other non-fixed experimental scene, the temperature and humidity fluctuation and impurities are easy to interfere with the amplification stability through a module connection gap, the detection accuracy is influenced, secondly, the sample processing and detection are disjoint, the sample enrichment, the extraction and the PCR amplification are required to be carried out by the non-integral integration, the process is complex, the time is long, the sample transportation among the modules is easy to cause pollution, the professional requirements of personnel are high, the large-scale screening is not adapted, the portability and the precision are difficult to be combined, the distributed module is large in size and low in integration level, the field is inconvenient to carry, the simple small-sized equipment is not easy to balance the portability and the detection precision due to lack of integral design, fourth, the reagent and the sample is not suitable for being stored independently, the reagent is amplified and read, the temperature and humidity change is easy to influence the stability of the reagent, the impurity is difficult to cause the interference, the false negative and the false positive result is easy to occur due to the fact that the module connection is difficult to cause false positive. At present, related PCR detection products and methods in the market do not break through the limitation of a distributed structure, the defects cannot be overcome, and the actual detection requirements are difficult to meet. Therefore, the invention focuses on the integrated structural design, develops a high-efficiency PCR detection scheme adapting to a sample, and mainly integrates the whole flow modules of sample enrichment, nucleic acid extraction, PCR amplification and result detection into a whole, thereby discarding the traditional dispersion type defects. The integrated structure is compact, the operation is convenient and fast, the anti-interference performance is high, complex scenes such as the wild can be flexibly adapted, complex module assembly and sample transfer are not needed, meanwhile, the adaptive design and the amplification system are optimized, the whole process integrated coherent operation is realized, the detection time consumption can be greatly shortened, the cost and the operation threshold can be reduced, the detection sensitivity, the accuracy and the reagent stability can be obviously improved, the core defect caused by a distributed structure can be effectively solved, and the reliable technical support is provided for environmental monitoring and public health prevention and control. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a PCR virus detection integrated machine so as to realize the functions and the aims. The embodiment of the invention provides a PCR virus detection integrated machine which is used for extracting virus