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CN-122012302-A - Straw degrading bacterium and application thereof

CN122012302ACN 122012302 ACN122012302 ACN 122012302ACN-122012302-A

Abstract

The invention provides a straw degrading bacterium and application thereof, wherein the straw degrading bacterium comprises microbacterium (Microbacterium sp.SDM28) and bacillus (Bacillus sp.SDM29). The bacillus and the bacillus are matched with each other, and when the straw is degraded, the composite bacteria can cooperatively generate high-activity cellulose degradation related enzyme, so that the lignocellulose structure in the straw can be efficiently decomposed, the hemicellulose component content can be particularly and obviously reduced, and the problems of low microbial degradation efficiency and difficult decomposition of complex lignocellulose structure in the conventional straw degradation are avoided; meanwhile, the compound bacteria has mild requirements on environmental conditions, the application range focuses on the type of rice straw which is a high-yield straw, and large-scale application can be realized without complex regulation, so that not only is the resource waste and environmental pollution caused by slow natural decomposition after the straw is returned to the field reduced, but also the resource utilization process of the straw can be promoted, and the requirement of large-scale and high-efficiency straw treatment can be met.

Inventors

  • ZHANG NA
  • HE CAN
  • Gu Meijiao

Assignees

  • 湖南省耕地与农业环境生态研究所

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20251112

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A straw degrading bacterium, comprising: microbacterium (Microbacterium sp. SDM 28) and Bacillus (Bacillus sp. SDM 29); The microbacterium is preserved in China center for type culture Collection, wherein the preservation date is 2025, 10 and 13, the preservation address is China university of Wuhan, and the preservation number is CCTCCNO: M20252205; The bacillus is preserved in China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) with a preservation date of 2025, 10 months and 13 days, a preservation address of university of Wuhan, china and a preservation number of CCTCCNO: M20252206.
  2. 2. The straw degrading bacterium according to claim 1, wherein the 16rDNA nucleotide sequences of the microbacterium and bacillus are shown in SEQ ID NO. 1.
  3. 3. The straw degrading bacterium according to claim 1, wherein the bacillus is in a specific form, and is particularly round, yellow and opaque, the edges of the bacterial colonies are tidy, the diameter is 0.5-1.0mm, the bacterial colonies are in a rod shape and are provided with flagellum when observed under an electron microscope, the bacillus can form bacterial colonies with obvious characteristics when being cultured on the carboxymethyl cellulose solid medium, the bacterial colonies are light yellow, opaque, smooth in surface, the edges are tidy, the diameter is 1.0-1.5mm, the bacterial colonies are in a short rod shape and have a spore structure when observed under the electron microscope, and the spores are positioned in the middle or partial positions of the bacterial colonies.
  4. 4. A microbial preparation comprising the straw degrading bacterium according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the microbial preparation is a mixture of microbacterium and bacillus at a ratio of 1:1.
  5. 5. Use of a microbial preparation according to claim 3 on crop straw.
  6. 6. Use of a microbial preparation according to claim 3 for the preparation of a product for degrading crop straw.
  7. 7. The use according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the crop straw is rice straw.
  8. 8. A product for degrading crop stalks, comprising the stalk degrading bacterium according to claim 1 or the microbial preparation according to claim 4.
  9. 9. A method for degrading crop stalks, characterized in that the stalk degrading bacterium according to claim 1 or the microbial preparation according to claim 4 is applied to crop stalks.
  10. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the crop straw is rice straw.

Description

Straw degrading bacterium and application thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural straw waste treatment and microorganism application, in particular to straw degrading bacteria and application thereof. Background The crop straw yield is about 9 hundred million tons and accounts for about one fifth of the total world, wherein the rice straw yield accounts for about 24 percent, is rich in organic matters and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium nutrients, and is an important renewable biological resource. However, the crop rotation interval is shorter, the straw component structure is complex, and the straw is slowly decomposed naturally after returning to the field under the influence of climatic conditions, soil environment and the like. A large amount of waste generated in agricultural production can cause resource waste and environmental pollution if improperly treated. At present, the straw treatment method mainly comprises a physical method (such as crushing, returning to the field and the like), a chemical method (such as degradation by chemical reagents and the like) and a biological method, wherein the biological method is paid attention to because of the advantages of environmental protection, low cost and the like, however, the straw composition is complex and mainly comprises cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, the three main components form a lignocellulose structure which is difficult to decompose by microorganisms in a natural state, and the problems of low degradation efficiency, narrow application range, harsh requirements on environmental conditions and the like of the traditional straw degradation microorganisms are difficult to meet the requirements of large-scale and high-efficiency straw treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a straw degrading bacterium and application thereof to solve the above technical problems. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a straw degrading bacterium and application thereof, which solve the problems that the existing straw degrading microorganism has low degradation efficiency, narrow application range and severe requirements on environmental conditions, is difficult to efficiently decompose complex lignocellulose structures of straw, and cannot meet the requirements of large-scale and rapid treatment of crop straw such as rice straw. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a straw degrading bacterium, which comprises: microbacterium (Microbacterium sp. SDM 28) and Bacillus (Bacillus sp. SDM 29); The microbacterium is preserved in China center for type culture Collection, wherein the preservation date is 2025, 10 and 13, the preservation address is China university of Wuhan, and the preservation number is CCTCCNO: M20252205; The bacillus is preserved in China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) with a preservation date of 2025, 10 months and 13 days, a preservation address of university of Wuhan, china and a preservation number of CCTCCNO: M202522056. Preferably, the 16rDNA nucleotide sequences of the microbacterium and the bacillus are shown as SEQ ID NO. 1. Preferably, the bacillus is in a specific form, the bacterial colony is circular, yellow and opaque, the edge of the bacterial colony is neat, the diameter is 0.5-1.0mm, the bacterial colony is in a rod shape and is provided with flagellum when being observed under an electron microscope, the bacillus can form a bacterial colony with obvious characteristics when being cultivated on the carboxymethyl cellulose solid culture medium, the bacterial colony is light yellow and opaque, the surface is smooth, the edge is neat, the diameter is 1.0-1.5mm, the bacterial colony is in a short rod shape when being observed under the electron microscope, the bacterial colony has a spore structure, and the spores are positioned in the middle part or the partial end of the bacterial colony. In order to solve the problems, the invention also provides a microbial preparation containing the straw degrading bacteria, wherein the microbial preparation is prepared by mixing microbacterium and bacillus according to a ratio of 1:1. Preferably, the degrading bacteria or the microbial preparation is applied to crop straws. Preferably, the degrading bacteria or the microbial preparation are applied to the preparation of products for degrading crop straws. Preferably, the crop straw is rice straw. In order to solve the problems, the invention also provides a product for degrading crop straws, which contains the straw degrading bacteria or the microbial preparation. The invention also provides a method for degrading crop straws, which is characterized in that the straw degrading bacteria or the microbial preparation is applied to the crop straws. Preferably, the crop straw is rice straw. Compared with the related art, the straw degrading bacterium and the application thereof have the following beneficial effects: The in