CN-122012370-A - Green separation method of bamboo parenchyma cells

CN122012370ACN 122012370 ACN122012370 ACN 122012370ACN-122012370-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a green separation method of bamboo parenchyma cells, belonging to the technical field of bamboo processing and utilization. The method comprises the steps of firstly crushing bamboo to obtain bamboo powder, directly separating fine and middle powder in the bamboo powder by using an inorganic material rigid plate with a smooth surface, and separating coarse powder in the bamboo powder by using the density difference of thin-wall cells and bamboo fibers through water floatation, and then separating by using the inorganic material rigid plate. According to the invention, through selecting the inorganic material rigid plate, the microcosmic morphology difference and interface acting force (electrostatic adsorption force and Van der Waals force) difference of the parenchyma cells and other components such as the bamboo fibers in the bamboo powder can be macroscopically embodied as the rolling speed difference, and the microcosmic morphology difference and the interface acting force (electrostatic adsorption force and Van der Waals force) difference are directly converted into observable separation behaviors under macroscopic operation, so that the separation of the parenchyma cells from the bamboo powder is effectively realized. The method has the advantages of simple process, low energy consumption, no need of chemical reagents, environmental protection and good industrial application prospect.

Inventors

WU TING
LUO YANPENG
WANG XIAOFA
ZHAO YU
LV NANA
WANG JINLI
Chai Yaoxin
XING JUNMEI
FANG GUIGAN
LIANG LONG
ZHAO MENGKE
SHAO XINYI
GENG BO
DENG YONGJUN
SHEN KUIZHONG

Assignees

中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260331

Claims (10)

1. The green separation method of the bamboo parenchyma cells is characterized by comprising the following steps of: (1) Crushing and screening bamboo to obtain bamboo powder; (2) Uniformly spreading the bamboo powder on the surface of an inorganic material rigid plate with a smooth surface, and tilting the inorganic material rigid plate or applying vibration to the inorganic material rigid plate to enable bamboo powder particles to roll along the surface of the inorganic material rigid plate under the action of gravity; (3) Thin-walled cells that first rolled off the rigid plate of inorganic material were collected.
2. The green separation method according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic material rigid plate is an inorganic glass plate, a ceramic plate or a quartz plate.
3. The green separation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), after sieving, the bamboo powder is grouped according to the order of the particle size from big to small to obtain coarse particle powder, medium fine powder and superfine powder, wherein the mesh number of the bamboo powder in the coarse particle powder, the medium fine powder and the superfine powder is sequentially M1 mesh to M2 mesh, M2 mesh to M3 mesh and M3 mesh to M4 mesh, wherein 20 mesh < M1< M2< M3< M4 is less than or equal to 200 mesh; The medium fine powder and the superfine powder are directly separated in the step (2); And (3) performing water floatation preliminary separation on the coarse particle powder, taking an upper layer floating material obtained by the water floatation preliminary separation as a parenchyma cell enrichment, and performing separation in the step (2) after drying the parenchyma cell enrichment.
4. The method for separating the thin-walled cells according to claim 3, wherein the method for primary separation by water floatation comprises the steps of adding coarse particle powder into water, dispersing and stirring, standing for layering, and collecting upper-layer floating matters as thin-walled cell enrichment.
5. The green separation method according to claim 4, wherein the volume ratio of the coarse powder to water is 1 (10-20).
6. A green separation process according to claim 3, wherein the drying temperature is 101±2 ℃.
7. The method according to claim 3, wherein the values of M1, M2, M3 and M4 are respectively 30 meshes-60 meshes-120 meshes-3 meshes-200 meshes-4 meshes-200 meshes-3.
8. The green separation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the steps (2) and (3) are repeated 3 to 5 times.
9. A green separation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the bamboo is processing residue or bamboo chips in a bamboo pulping and papermaking process.
10. The green separation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the inorganic material rigid plate is inclined at an angle of 10 ° to 90 °.

Description

Green separation method of bamboo parenchyma cells Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of bamboo processing and utilization, and particularly relates to a green separation method of bamboo parenchyma cells. Background Bamboo is an important renewable biomass resource, and the area of the bamboo forest in China is about 756 ten thousand hectares. The bamboo has the characteristics of short growth period (3-4 years), excellent fiber performance, rich resources and the like, so that the bamboo is widely applied in the paper industry. However, a great amount of bamboo scraps, bamboo powder and other processing residues are generated in the bamboo pulp papermaking process, and a great amount of bamboo fibers and parenchyma cells are contained, wherein the parenchyma cells have only thin primary walls, have no secondary walls and are generally spherical or polyhedral with nearly equal diameters. The bamboo fiber has a slender fiber structure and excellent mechanical property, is an important raw material in the paper industry, and the bamboo parenchyma cells have larger cell cavities and porous structures, the cell walls of the bamboo parenchyma cells are rich in cellulose and hemicellulose and contain a large number of hydroxyl functional groups, so the bamboo parenchyma cells have potential application value in the fields of biological materials, adsorption materials, functional fillers and the like. However, due to the mixed distribution of the parenchyma cells and the fibers in the bamboo scraps, the separation and purification of the parenchyma cells and the high-value utilization of the parenchyma cells are severely limited. The existing bamboo parenchyma cell separation method mainly comprises the methods of mechanical separation, steam explosion, chemical treatment and the like. These methods often have problems of complicated equipment, high energy consumption, or the need for chemical reagents. Meanwhile, when separation is carried out by simply relying on sieving or water floating, high-purity parenchyma cells are difficult to obtain because fibers and parenchyma cells have certain overlapping in particle size and density. Therefore, the separation method which is simple and convenient to operate, green and environment-friendly and can obtain the high-purity parenchyma cells is developed, and has important significance for improving the utilization rate of bamboo chip resources and promoting the full-valued utilization of bamboo. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the problem that the prior art is difficult to obtain high-purity parenchyma cells from bamboo scraps, the invention provides a green separation method of the bamboo parenchyma cells. The method solves the problems of low efficiency, insufficient purity and high energy consumption of thin-wall cell separation in the prior art. In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: A green separation method of bamboo parenchyma cells comprises the following steps: (1) Crushing and screening bamboo to obtain bamboo powder; (2) Uniformly spreading the bamboo powder on the surface of an inorganic material rigid plate with a smooth surface, and tilting the inorganic material rigid plate or applying vibration to the inorganic material rigid plate to enable bamboo powder particles to roll along the surface of the inorganic material rigid plate under the action of gravity; (3) The parenchyma cells which firstly roll off the inorganic material rigid plate are collected, so that the purpose of separating the parenchyma cells from the bamboo powder is realized; in order to increase the purity of the parenchyma cells, the steps (2) and (3) are repeated 1 to 5 times, preferably 3 times. The reason that the thin-wall cells in the bamboo powder can roll off the inorganic material rigid plate at a relatively high speed in the separation method is that the thin-wall cells in the bamboo powder are of a nearly spherical or polyhedral structure and mainly form point contact with the surface of the inorganic material rigid plate, so that the downward rolling speed is high, other components mainly comprising bamboo fibers in the bamboo powder are mainly of an elongated strip-shaped structure and form line contact or surface contact with the surface of the inorganic material rigid plate, the contact area is large, the thin-wall cells are easily attached to the surface of the inorganic material rigid plate under the combined action of electrostatic adsorption force and Van der Waals force, the downward rolling speed is low, and therefore the thin-wall cells which roll off the inorganic material rigid plate firstly are collected based on the difference of the downward rolling speeds of the thin-wall cells and other components, so that the rapid separation of the thin-wall cells is realized. As an optimal technical scheme, the inorganic material rigid plate is an inorganic glass plate, a ceramic plate or a q