CN-122012747-A - Multi-gene SNP molecular marker combination for predicting chicken birth date and application thereof

CN122012747ACN 122012747 ACN122012747 ACN 122012747ACN-122012747-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a polygene SNP molecular marker combination for predicting the age of a chicken in the beginning of birth and application thereof, belonging to the fields of molecular genetics and agricultural animal breeding. The marker combination comprises SNPs of 4 genes which affect gonadal development and play a key expression regulation role in reproductive endocrine networks, and is specifically positioned in 27_3282348, 1_169302032, 27_3273533 and 1_169302190 of a reference genome GRCg b. The present invention demonstrates that the specific genotype combinations for these 4 SNP sites are significantly correlated with early day-old onset of production in chickens. By simultaneously detecting these 4 SNP loci of an individual to be tested, the precocious genetic potential of the individual can be calculated and evaluated. The multi-gene combined prediction system constructed by the invention overcomes the defect of insufficient single marker prediction effect, and provides a reliable molecular tool for efficient and accurate breeding of early-maturing strain of laying hens.

Inventors

HU XIAOXIANG
MOU HONGMEI
ZHU DI
WANG YUZHE
QU HAO
MA JIE
WU HANYU

Assignees

中国农业大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260408

Claims (2)

1, Application of SNP molecular marker combination in predicting or assisting in breeding chicken on-birth day-old characters, wherein the SNP molecular marker combination consists of four SNP loci including SNP1, SNP2, SNP3 and SNP 4; SNP1 is located at chromosome 3282348 bp position 27, has C/T polymorphism, and dominant allele is C; SNP2 is positioned at the 169302032 bp position of chromosome 1, has T/A polymorphism, and the dominant allele is A; SNP3 is located at chromosome 3273533 bp position of No. 27, has T/C polymorphism, and dominant allele is T; SNP4 is positioned at the 169302490 bp position of chromosome 1, has C/G polymorphism, and the dominant allele is G; Individuals carrying more dominant alleles in the 4 SNP loci were selected to have a lower age at birth, reference genome version GRCg b.
2. The application of the substances for detecting the genotypes of the four SNP loci in preparing a chicken exploitation day-old character auxiliary breeding kit or a liquid chip.

Description

Multi-gene SNP molecular marker combination for predicting chicken birth date and application thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the fields of molecular genetics and agricultural animal breeding, and particularly relates to application of SNP molecular marker combination in auxiliary breeding of chicken on-birth day-old characters. Background The open-lay day age (AGE AT FIRST EGG, AFE) is used as a core economic property for measuring the sexual maturity, the early and late stages and the reproductive potential of the laying hens, and not only affects the starting time of the whole egg laying period, but also has an important influence on the total annual egg laying amount. Especially, under the background of intensive breeding, the early prediction and accurate regulation of the age of the beginning of the birth date are realized, and the method has become an important target for improving the breeding efficiency. However, the age of the birth date is a typical complex quantitative trait controlled by micro-effect multiple genes, the traditional phenotype breeding is greatly interfered by the environment and has long generation interval, and the auxiliary breeding is simply carried out by relying on a single SNP marker, so that the ideal improvement effect is difficult to achieve in the actual breeding population due to the limited interpretation of genetic variation. In recent years, the causal variation and functional module of regulatory traits can be precisely positioned through the analysis of total genome association analysis (GWAS) combined expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) and causal inference (such as co-localization analysis). Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the technical problem of insufficient accuracy of single molecular markers in complex character prediction, and provides a polygenic SNP molecular marker combination capable of more accurately and efficiently predicting chicken birth age and application thereof in auxiliary breeding. The technical scheme of the invention is that the SNP molecular marker combination is applied to predicting or auxiliary breeding of chicken on-set birth age characters, and consists of four SNP loci of SNP1, SNP2, SNP3 and SNP 4; SNP1 is located at chromosome 3282348 bp position 27, has C/T polymorphism, and dominant allele is C; SNP2 is positioned at the 169302032 bp position of chromosome 1, has T/A polymorphism, and the dominant allele is A; SNP3 is located at chromosome 3273533 bp position of No. 27, has T/C polymorphism, and dominant allele is T; SNP4 is positioned at the 169302490 bp position of chromosome 1, has C/G polymorphism, and the dominant allele is G; Individuals carrying more dominant alleles in the 4 SNP loci were selected to have a lower age at birth, reference genome version GRCg b. The substances for detecting the genotypes of the four SNP loci are applied to the preparation of a chicken exploitation day-old character auxiliary breeding kit or a liquid chip. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: The invention accurately discovers four genes which play a key expression regulation role in gonad development and endocrine propagation network based on large-scale yellow-feather broiler group data, namely ENSGALG00010026239, ENSGALG00010004500, ENSGALG00010026607 and ENSGALG 00010004493. By combining specific SNP loci influencing the expression of the 4 genes, a multi-gene evaluation system is constructed, and a superimposed genetic improvement effect can be generated, so that the prediction accuracy and genetic progress of the early-maturing characters of the laying hens are greatly improved. Provides a feasible technical path for molecular polymerization breeding of the early maturing strain of the laying hen. Drawings And performing coterminous analysis on eQTL and open-birth-date GWAS of the gene corresponding to the 1 Chr27:3282348 SNP locus. And performing coterminous analysis on eQTL and open-birth-date GWAS of the gene corresponding to the 2 Chr1:169302032 SNP locus. And performing coterminous analysis on eQTL and open-birth-date GWAS of the gene corresponding to the 3 Chr27:3273533 SNP locus. And performing coterminous analysis on eQTL and open-birth-date GWAS of the gene corresponding to the 4 Chr1:169302490 SNP locus. FIG. 5 Chr27:3282348 locus carries population open-birth day age phenotype distribution differences for different number of beneficial alleles. FIG. 6 Chr1:169302032 locus carries differences in the distribution of the day-old phenotypes of populations with different numbers of favorable alleles. FIG. 7 Chr27:3273533 sites carry differences in the distribution of the population open-birth day-old phenotypes for different numbers of favorable alleles. FIG. 8 Chr1:169302190 locus carries differences in the distribution of the day-old phenotype of populations with different numbers of favorable alleles. Detailed Description The experimental