Search

CN-122012876-A - Multipurpose overspeed quenching oil and preparation method thereof

CN122012876ACN 122012876 ACN122012876 ACN 122012876ACN-122012876-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of metal heat treatment and discloses multipurpose overspeed quenching oil and a preparation method thereof, wherein the composition comprises, by weight, 85-94 parts of three types of hydroisomerization base oil, 2-8 parts of main cooling accelerator, 2-4 parts of overbased magnesium stearate serving as a synergistic coolant, 0.5-1.5 parts of boric acid ester serving as a latent demulsifier and 0.1-0.6 part of amine compound serving as a hydrolysis activator. The preparation method comprises the steps of adopting a step-by-step cooling feeding process, adding a coolant at 85-95 ℃, cooling to 60-68 ℃, adding a hydrolysis activator, and finally cooling to 40-45 ℃ and adding a latent demulsifier. The invention utilizes the water-induced deactivation mechanism of the latent demulsifier and the activator to realize demulsification separation and failure self-indication when water is polluted, and simultaneously utilizes the main cooling accelerator and the cooperative coolant to construct a thixotropic network to realize multipurpose cooling by regulating and controlling the shearing rate.

Inventors

  • WU JINGLANG
  • ZHAO SHANGXIAN

Assignees

  • 黄山钛可磨工业介质有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260306

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The multipurpose overspeed quenching oil is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 85-94 parts of three types of hydroisomerization base oil; 2-8 parts of a main cooling accelerator; 2-4 parts of overbased magnesium stearate serving as a synergistic coolant; 0.5-1.5 parts of boric acid ester serving as a latent demulsifier; 0.1-0.6 part of amine compound serving as hydrolysis activator.
  2. 2. The multipurpose overspeed quenching oil according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following components in parts by weight: 88-91 parts of three types of hydroisomerization base oil; 3-5 parts of a main cooling accelerator; 2.5-3.5 parts of overbased magnesium stearate; Boric acid ester 0.8-1.2 parts; 0.5-0.7 parts of amine compound.
  3. 3. The multipurpose overspeed quench oil of claim 1 wherein said primary cooling accelerator is pentaerythritol tetraoleate.
  4. 4. The multipurpose overspeed quenching oil of claim 1, wherein said latent demulsifier is triisopropyl borate or tri-n-butyl borate, and/or said hydrolytic activator is oleylamine or oleic imidazoline.
  5. 5. The multipurpose overspeed quenching oil of claim 1, further comprising 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of a compound antioxidant consisting of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol and N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine.
  6. 6. A method for preparing the multipurpose overspeed quenching oil according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the following steps: (a) Heating three types of hydroisomerization base oil, and adding a composite antioxidant for mixing; (b) Heating to a first preset temperature, sequentially adding a main cooling accelerator and magnesium stearate with an alkali value, and carrying out heat preservation and stirring; (c) Cooling to a second preset temperature, adding a hydrolysis activator, and continuing stirring; (d) Continuously cooling to a third preset temperature, adding a latent demulsifier, and continuously stirring, wherein the third preset temperature is lower than the second preset temperature.
  7. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the first preset temperature in the step (b) is 85-95 ℃.
  8. 8. The method according to claim 6, wherein the second preset temperature in the step (C) is 60 to 68 ℃, and/or the third preset temperature in the step (d) is 40 to 45 ℃.
  9. 9. The method according to claim 6, wherein the time of stirring in the step (b) is 40 to 60 minutes, and/or the time of stirring in the step (d) is 30 to 40 minutes.
  10. 10. The method according to claim 6, further comprising a step of filtering with a filter having a pore size of 1 to 5 μm after the step (d).

Description

Multipurpose overspeed quenching oil and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of metal heat treatment, in particular to multipurpose overspeed quenching oil and a preparation method thereof. Background Quenching oil is a widely used cooling medium in the heat treatment process of metal workpieces, and the cooling performance of the quenching oil plays a decisive role in the final microstructure and mechanical properties of the workpieces. The overspeed quenching oil has extremely fast cooling rate in a high-temperature stage, can effectively improve the hardenability of steel, and is commonly used for heat treatment of high alloy steel, large-section workpieces or low-hardenability steel. However, in industrial applications, existing overspeed quenching oils are generally faced with a serious problem of being highly sensitive to moisture contamination. Moisture may originate from workpiece carryover, air condensation, or cooling system leaks. When water is mixed into conventional quenching oil, additives (such as cooling accelerators or dispersants) in the oil often act as emulsifiers, resulting in rapid emulsification of the oil to form a stable oil-water emulsion. Oil emulsification can have serious consequences. First, the cooling characteristics of the emulsified oil become extremely unstable and uncontrollable, and when a high-temperature workpiece is put into oil, uneven vapor films are easily generated on the surface, so that the workpiece is unevenly cooled, and soft spots, deformation or quenching cracks are generated. Second, the presence of the emulsion significantly increases the safety risk of the operation. In addition, once emulsified, oil-water separation becomes very difficult, often requiring the entire tank of oil to be discarded, resulting in significant economic losses and production interruptions. In addition, conventional overspeed quench oils typically have a fixed cooling profile. Its cooling characteristics are optimized to achieve a maximum cooling rate, but this makes its application scenario single. When the production line is required to handle different steel grades or workpieces with strict requirements for deformation control (e.g. medium speed cooling is required), the quench medium must be replaced or a different quench tank used, which limits the flexibility of the production process. Therefore, development of quenching oil which can not only effectively manage water pollution and avoid emulsification failure, but also has adjustable cooling characteristics to adapt to multipurpose requirements is a technical problem to be solved in the field. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide multipurpose overspeed quenching oil, which aims to overcome the technical defects that the existing overspeed quenching oil is sensitive to moisture pollution, is easy to emulsify and is invalid and has a single cooling mode. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the invention provides a multipurpose overspeed quenching oil composition comprising the following components in parts by weight: 85-94 parts of three types of hydroisomerization base oil; 2-8 parts of a main cooling accelerator; 2-4 parts of overbased magnesium stearate serving as a synergistic coolant; 0.5-1.5 parts of boric acid ester serving as a latent demulsifier; 0.1-0.6 part of amine compound serving as hydrolysis activator. By adopting the technical scheme, the composition realizes multiple technical effects by utilizing the cooperative design of specific components: first, the composition employs three types of hydroisomerized base oils. The base oil has the characteristics of high flash point and low evaporation loss, and can obviously reduce oil volatilization and oil fume generation at a high temperature after the workpiece is quenched, such as when the workpiece enters a cleaning tank. Second, the composition has rheology control properties. This characteristic depends on the main cooling accelerator and the overbased magnesium stearate as a synergistic coolant. Both form a thixotropic colloidal network structure in the base oil. Specifically, under low shear rates such as static or weak stirring, the network structure is kept complete, the apparent viscosity of the oil product is higher and corresponds to an overspeed cooling mode, and when the oil product flows through a high shear stress area such as a strong pumping area or a specific valve group, the network structure is temporarily destroyed under the action of mechanical shear force, and the oil product is subjected to shear thinning and the apparent viscosity is reduced. In this state, the vapor film phase on the surface of the workpiece is prolonged, and the peak cooling rate is reduced, so that the oil product is changed from the overspeed cooling mode to the medium-speed cooling mode. Therefore, the multi-purpo