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CN-122012918-A - Valuable metal enrichment method based on multi-source metallurgical solid waste sintering

CN122012918ACN 122012918 ACN122012918 ACN 122012918ACN-122012918-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste recycling, and provides a valuable metal enrichment method based on multi-source metallurgical solid waste sintering, which comprises the specific arrangement of the steps of primary mixing of bottom materials, secondary mixing of bottom materials, primary mixing of top materials, secondary mixing of top materials, batch distribution, sintering enrichment and the like, and through the specific reasonable compatibility of the multi-source metallurgical solid waste, a two-stage mixing process and a batch distribution mode of combining copper slag powder, copper tailings and gold tailings with chloride preferentially, the method promotes valuable metals such as gold, silver, titanium and the like to generate low-melting-point easily gasified metal chlorides in the sintering process, realizes gasification separation of the valuable metals and other materials, naturally reduces the temperature of subsequent flue gas and enables the materials containing the valuable metals to form ash materials through dust removal, finally synchronously obtains sintered ores which can be directly used for blast furnace materials and high-value valuable metal enriched powder materials taking gold, silver, titanium and the like as main components, and realizes the dual aims of solid waste cooperative treatment and high-value resource recovery.

Inventors

  • CHEN QIANYE
  • REN JINSUO

Assignees

  • 中京镕澜科技发展(济南)有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260305

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The valuable metal enrichment method based on multi-source metallurgical solid waste sintering is characterized by comprising the following steps of: Mixing 38-46 parts of copper slag powder, 1.5-1.9 parts of calcium chloride, 0.10-0.15 part of magnesium chloride, 0.05-0.12 part of ferric chloride, 0.10-0.20 part of calcium oxide, 3-9 parts of copper tailings, 20-33 parts of gold tailings, 1.2-3.2 parts of carbon fuel and 0.6-2.6 parts of lime in a mixer according to parts by weight, and adding 2.5-4.5 parts of water in the mixing process, and continuously mixing for 1-2 minutes to obtain a bottom layer mixture; II, mixing the bottom layer materials II, namely placing the obtained bottom layer material II into a granulator, and continuously mixing for 2-4 min under the condition of continuously adding 3-6 parts by weight of water to obtain a bottom layer material II; III, mixing the top layer material I, namely mixing 12-21 parts by weight of zinc-containing tailings, 5-12 parts by weight of zinc-containing ash, 5-10 parts by weight of gas ash, 0.6-1.6 parts by weight of carbon fuel and 0.3-1.3 parts by weight of lime material in a mixer, adding 1.2-2.1 parts by weight of water in the mixing process, and continuously mixing for 1-2 minutes to obtain the top layer material I; IV, mixing the top layer materials, namely placing the obtained top layer material I into a granulator, and continuously mixing for 1-2 minutes under the condition of continuously adding 1.5-3 parts by weight of water to obtain a bottom layer material II; V, distributing materials in batches, namely paving a bedding material on a sintering machine trolley, arranging two distributing devices in the advancing direction of the sintering machine trolley, arranging a bottom layer two mixing materials through a rear distributing device, arranging a top layer two mixing materials through a front distributing device, arranging the bottom layer two mixing materials on the bedding material along with the forward movement of the sintering machine trolley, and arranging the top layer two mixing materials on the bottom layer two mixing materials, wherein the total thickness of the material layer is 500-800 mm; And VI, sintering and enriching, namely performing ignition sintering on the sintering machine with the cloth in the step V, synchronously starting air draft from top to bottom, continuously sintering to obtain iron-containing sintered ore, continuously discharging flue gas generated in the sintering process into a large flue through air draft for cooling, discharging the cooled flue gas to a dust remover, and collecting dust obtained after cooling in the dust remover to obtain valuable metal enriched powder.
  2. 2. The method for enriching valuable metals based on multi-source metallurgical solid waste sintering according to claim 1 is characterized in that the carbon fuel is coke powder or anthracite powder, and the lime material is one or more of quicklime, limestone, slaked lime or dolomite.
  3. 3. The valuable metal enrichment method based on multi-source metallurgical solid waste sintering according to claim 1, wherein the lime material, the copper tailings and the gold tailings in the step (1) are all crushed before being mixed, so that the particle sizes of the copper slag powder, the calcium chloride, the magnesium chloride, the ferric chloride, the calcium oxide, the copper tailings, the gold tailings, the carbon fuel and the lime material are all below 5 mm; And (3) crushing the lime material and the zinc-containing tailings in the step (3) before mixing, so that the particle sizes of the zinc-containing tailings, the zinc-containing ash, the gas ash, the carbon fuel and the lime material are all below 4 mm.
  4. 4. The valuable metal enrichment method based on multi-source metallurgical solid waste sintering according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step V, the cloth thickness of the bottom layer two-mixed material is 1.5-3.5 times of the cloth thickness of the top layer two-mixed material.
  5. 5. The method for enriching valuable metals based on multi-source metallurgical solid waste sintering according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in step V, the sintering machine is a negative pressure strand suction sintering machine.
  6. 6. The valuable metal enrichment method based on multi-source metallurgical solid waste sintering according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step VI, the ignition temperature of ignition sintering is 1050-1200 ℃, the air draft speed is 1.5-2.6 m/s, the air draft pressure of a large flue is 8-13 kPa, and the temperature of a high-temperature combustion zone is 1360-1480 ℃.
  7. 7. The valuable metal enrichment method based on multi-source metallurgical solid waste sintering according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the moving speed of the sintering machine trolley is 1.2-2.0 m/min.
  8. 8. The valuable metal enrichment method based on multi-source metallurgical solid waste sintering according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the drum strength of the sintered ore obtained in the step VI is 70-78%, the drop strength is 85-90%, and the yield is 78-88%.
  9. 9. The method for enriching valuable metals based on multi-source metallurgical solid waste sintering according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the chemical composition of the valuable metal enriched powder comprises TFe：1.02~3.32wt.%;Zn：3.89~7.05wt.%;K 2 O：16.25~29.85wt.%;Na 2 O：11.06~18.21wt.%;Au： 0.9~1.3ppm;Ag：150~180ppm;Pb：7.0~8.5wt.%;Ti：15.8~19.5wt.%.
  10. 10. The valuable metal enrichment method based on multi-source metallurgical solid waste sintering according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in step VI, the mass of the sintered ore obtained per ton of raw material is 0.9-0.99 ton, and the mass of the valuable metal enriched powder obtained per ton of raw material is 0.01-0.1 ton.

Description

Valuable metal enrichment method based on multi-source metallurgical solid waste sintering Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgical solid waste recycling, and particularly relates to a valuable metal enrichment method based on multi-source metallurgical solid waste sintering, which is suitable for the collaborative treatment of various metallurgical solid wastes such as copper slag, copper tailings, gold tailings, zinc-containing ash, gas ash and the like. Background Copper slag, copper tailings, gold tailings, zinc-containing tailings, gas ash and the like are solid wastes generated in the production process in the metallurgical industry, and the solid wastes are conventionally used as roadbed materials or backfill materials or are directly buried. However, since the solid wastes are essentially valuable metals such as iron, copper, zinc, gold, silver, titanium, lead and the like, if the solid wastes are used as roadbed materials or directly piled up or landfilled, not only a large amount of land resources are occupied, but also heavy metals can leak, soil, groundwater and surrounding ecological environment are polluted, so that the valuable metals are wasted and become environmental harmful elements. At present, a plurality of recycling treatment methods are also available for the solid waste of the metal slag, copper slag and copper tailings are used for extracting materials such as residual copper, iron and the like through flotation and other processes, gold tailings are used for preparing autoclaved aerated concrete blocks after being stabilized, zinc-containing tailings are recycled by adopting a rotary kiln volatilization method, residues after dezincification can be used for sintering raw materials or building material production, and gas ash is mainly used as sintering auxiliary materials for recycling. However, these recovery methods are either complex in process and high in cost or relatively low in recovery rate, and can only be used for one or two solid wastes, and cannot form comprehensive recovery and reuse for multi-source metallurgical solid wastes. The sintering method is a main stream technology for preparing the sinter, and the core process is that the iron ore is crushed and then is placed on a sintering machine trolley for high-temperature sintering, so that the sinter with specified granularity and strength is formed. The sinter can effectively remove part of harmful elements such as sulfur, arsenic, potassium, sodium and the like, and finally the formed porous structure sinter can be directly used as blast furnace smelting raw materials, and is a key link for connecting raw material pretreatment and blast furnace ironmaking in the steel smelting process. The core working procedures of the sintering method comprise raw material preparation, batching mixing, material distribution ignition, high-temperature sintering and finished product treatment, wherein minerals in the mixture can be softened, melted and bonded into blocks in the high-temperature sintering process, and meanwhile, the removal of harmful elements and the construction of a porous structure are completed, so that the high-efficiency guarantee is provided for the subsequent blast furnace smelting. At present, industrial solid wastes (such as gas ash, dust mud and the like) are also mixed in the sintering process, and the solid wastes are secondary wastes generated in steel production and contain certain iron elements and valuable noble metals, but are only used as auxiliary materials at present, the mixing proportion is not more than 20%, and the large-scale and high-added-value recovery of the solid wastes is not realized. If the total industrial solid waste can be used as the main raw material for sintering, valuable metals in the main raw material can enter a metal smelting link again, and the defects of unsmooth blast furnace and the like can be caused due to enrichment of part of elements in the main raw material. Therefore, if a method which can realize the cooperative treatment of multi-source metallurgical solid waste and the efficient enrichment of valuable metals and is easy for industrial implementation can be developed, the method becomes a technical problem to be solved in the current metallurgical solid waste recycling field. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a valuable metal enrichment method based on multi-source metallurgical solid waste sintering, which is characterized in that the proportion of a bottom material to a top material is reasonably designed, a chloride auxiliary agent is accurately added, a mixing and distributing process is optimized, high-temperature sintering is utilized to enable chlorides to react with valuable metals such as gold, silver, titanium and the like in solid waste to generate low-melting-point and easily gasified metal chlorides, gasification separation of the valuable metals