Search

CN-122012944-A - Method for extracting lithium from waste anode material

CN122012944ACN 122012944 ACN122012944 ACN 122012944ACN-122012944-A

Abstract

The application provides a method for extracting lithium from waste positive electrode materials, which comprises the following steps of mixing the waste positive electrode materials with a carbohydrate, roasting the mixture in an inert atmosphere at 350-450 ℃ to obtain a roasted product, and carrying out liquid phase leaching treatment on the roasted product to obtain a lithium-containing solution and leaching residues, wherein the molecular weight of the carbohydrate is M, and M is less than or equal to 365. The method adopts a low-temperature roasting mode to treat the waste anode material, has simple operation flow, can reduce the use of other chemicals while extracting lithium efficiently, avoids generating a large amount of waste liquid and harmful gas in the lithium extraction process, and improves the economic feasibility and industrial universality of waste lithium ion battery recovery.

Inventors

  • HU PINGPING
  • LIU YATING
  • LI ANGUO
  • XU ZHIPENG

Assignees

  • 广州天赐高新材料股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20241112

Claims (11)

  1. 1. A method for extracting lithium from waste anode materials comprises the following steps: Mixing the waste anode material with a saccharide compound, and roasting at the temperature of 350-450 ℃ in an inert atmosphere to obtain a roasting product; carrying out liquid phase leaching treatment on the roasting product to obtain a lithium-containing solution and leaching residues; Wherein the molecular weight of the saccharide compound is M, and M is less than or equal to 365.
  2. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the carbohydrate is selected from at least one of sucrose, glucose, and maltose.
  3. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the waste positive electrode material to the carbohydrate is 1:0.05-1:0.15.
  4. 4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method of mixing comprises ball milling at a speed of 300 to 400r/min for 60 to 120min.
  5. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the firing rate of temperature rise is 5 ℃ to 10 ℃ per minute and the firing time is 60 to 240 minutes.
  6. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the liquid phase leaching treatment is ball-milling water leaching, wherein in the ball-milling water leaching, the roasting product and water are mixed according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 100 g/L-200 g/L, the rotation speed of the ball-milling water leaching is 300 r/min-400 r/min, and the time of the ball-milling water leaching is 60 min-180 min.
  7. 7. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the liquid phase leaching treatment is water leaching, the roasting product and water are mixed according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 50g/L to 150g/L, stirring is carried out at a stirring rate of 100r/min to 300r/min, and the water leaching time is 60min to 180min.
  8. 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the lithium-containing solution is heated and concentrated to obtain a lithium-rich solution, and the lithium-rich solution is subjected to a lithium extraction operation to obtain a lithium-containing product.
  9. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the lithium-containing solution is heated to a temperature of 100 ℃, and the concentration of lithium ions in the concentrated lithium-rich solution is greater than 15g/L.
  10. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein the lithium extraction operation is to add sodium carbonate to the lithium-rich solution to obtain a lithium carbonate product, wherein the sodium carbonate is a saturated sodium carbonate solution, and the molar ratio of the sodium carbonate to lithium ions in the lithium-rich solution is 1:1-1:1.05.
  11. 11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the waste cathode material is a layered structure cathode material selected from at least one of lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate, lithium nickel cobalt manganate and lithium nickel cobalt aluminate.

Description

Method for extracting lithium from waste anode material Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of resource recovery, in particular to a method for extracting lithium from waste anode materials. Background The lithium ion battery has the advantages of high energy density, long cycle life, no memory effect and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of consumer electronics, power batteries, energy storage batteries and the like. However, the average service life of the lithium ion battery is 5-8 years, and the scrapped lithium ion battery contains electrolyte, heavy metal and other harmful substances, if the lithium ion battery cannot be properly treated, serious environmental and safety problems can be caused. Meanwhile, due to the scarcity of energy metals and the continuous increase of market demands, the energy metals such as lithium, manganese, nickel, cobalt and the like which are rich in the waste lithium ion batteries become important supplementary sources. The recovery of these metals not only brings certain economic benefits, but also alleviates the problem of the increasing shortage of metal resources. Therefore, from the viewpoints of environmental protection, resource recycling and economic development, efficient recovery of waste lithium ion batteries is important. However, in the current lithium ion battery recovery method, the waste positive electrode material is directly subjected to acid leaching to obtain a mixed leaching solution containing lithium and other metals, and the leaching solution is purified to remove impurities to extract other valuable metals and then extract lithium, so that larger lithium loss is caused, and the recovery rate of lithium is reduced. The acid leaching and impurity removing process is complicated in flow, excessive substances are introduced into the solution, so that valuable metal and lithium recovery effect is reduced, recovery cost is increased, and a large amount of harmful gas is generated by using a large amount of acid and alkali, so that environmental pollution is caused. Traditional pyrogenic recovery adopts a high-temperature roasting method, which increases unnecessary energy consumption and produces harmful substances. Therefore, a suitable process needs to be developed, and the economic feasibility and the industrial universality of the recovery of the waste lithium ion battery are improved while the use of other chemicals is reduced while the lithium is efficiently extracted. Disclosure of Invention The application aims to provide a method for extracting lithium from waste positive electrode materials, so that the use of other chemicals is reduced while the lithium is efficiently extracted, and the economic feasibility and the industrial universality of the recovery of waste lithium ion batteries are improved. The specific technical scheme is as follows: the first aspect of the application provides a method for extracting lithium from waste anode materials, which comprises the following steps: Mixing the waste anode material with a saccharide compound, roasting at the temperature of 350-450 ℃ in an inert atmosphere to obtain a roasting product, and carrying out liquid phase leaching treatment on the roasting product to obtain a lithium-containing solution and leaching residues, wherein the molecular weight of the saccharide compound is M and M is less than or equal to 365. In some embodiments of the application, the carbohydrate compound is selected from at least one of sucrose, glucose, and maltose. In some embodiments of the application, the mass ratio of the waste positive electrode material to the carbohydrate is 1:0.05-1:0.15. In some embodiments of the application, the method of mixing comprises ball milling at a rotational speed of 300r/min to 400r/min for 60min to 120min. In some embodiments of the application, the temperature rising rate of the roasting is 5-10 ℃ per minute, and the time of the roasting is 60-240 minutes. In some embodiments of the application, the liquid phase leaching treatment is ball-milling water leaching, wherein in the ball-milling water leaching, the roasting product and water are mixed according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 100 g/L-200 g/L, the rotation speed of the ball-milling water leaching is 300 r/min-400 r/min, and the time of the ball-milling water leaching is 60 min-180 min. In some embodiments of the application, the liquid phase leaching treatment is water leaching, the roasting product and water are mixed according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 50 g/L-150 g/L, stirring is carried out at a stirring rate of 100 r/min-300 r/min, and the water leaching time is 60 min-180 min. In some embodiments of the application, the lithium-containing solution is heated and concentrated to obtain a lithium-rich solution, and the lithium-rich solution is subjected to lithium extraction operation to obtain a lithium-containing product. In some embodiments of the application, the lithium-con