CN-122012978-A - Continuous preparation device and method for particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material

CN122012978ACN 122012978 ACN122012978 ACN 122012978ACN-122012978-A

Abstract

The invention relates to a continuous preparation device and a continuous preparation method of a particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material, wherein the device comprises a smelting furnace, a mixing container, a particle storage tank, a stirring mechanism and a receiving container, the mixing container is provided with an inner cavity, the upper part of the inner cavity is a stirring area, the lower part of the inner cavity is a sedimentation area communicated with the stirring area, the cross section area of the sedimentation area gradually decreases from top to bottom, the bottom end of the sedimentation area is provided with a discharge hole, the stirring mechanism comprises a stirring main body and a driving piece, the stirring main body comprises a rotating shaft which is vertically arranged, and a first stirring blade, a second stirring blade and a third stirring blade which are sequentially fixed at different height positions of the rotating shaft from top to bottom. The rapid uniform wetting, efficient dispersion and directional migration of the reinforced particles are realized by constructing a stirring area and a sedimentation area which work cooperatively in a mixing container and combining a plurality of groups of stirring blades with specific designs in the stirring area, so that the particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material with high volume fraction and high performance is continuously and stably prepared.

Inventors

HIROFUMI NAGAUMI
JIN XIAOJIE
LI JUN
QIN JIAN
CHEN LAI
ZHANG BO

Assignees

魏桥(苏州)轻量化研究院有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260320

Claims (11)

1. A continuous production apparatus for a particle-reinforced aluminum-based composite material, the apparatus comprising: a smelting furnace (1); The mixing container (3) is provided with an inner cavity, the inner cavity is communicated with the smelting furnace (1) through a runner (2), the upper part of the inner cavity is provided with a stirring zone (31), the upper area of the stirring zone (31) is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet which are mutually independent, the lower part of the inner cavity is provided with a sedimentation zone (32) communicated with the stirring zone (31), the cross-sectional area of the sedimentation zone (32) is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the bottom end of the sedimentation zone is provided with a discharge hole; The particle storage tank (4) is arranged at the top of the mixing container (3), and a feed opening of the particle storage tank extends into the stirring area (31) and is used for introducing reinforcing particles into the stirring area (31); The stirring mechanism comprises a stirring main body and a driving piece (55) for driving the stirring main body to rotate, wherein the stirring main body is arranged in the stirring area (31), the stirring main body comprises a vertically arranged rotating shaft (51), and a first stirring blade (52), a second stirring blade (53) and a third stirring blade (54) which are sequentially fixed at different height positions of the rotating shaft (51) from top to bottom, the rotation diameters of the first stirring blade (52), the second stirring blade (53) and the third stirring blade (54) are D1, D2 and D3 respectively, and D1> D2 more than or equal to D3 are met, and And the receiving container (6) is arranged below the station of the discharge hole and can move for receiving and transferring.
2. Continuous preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the sedimentation zone (32) is of frustoconical shape, with open openings at the top and bottom.
3. The continuous production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a gap is provided between the first stirring blade (52) and the side wall of the stirring zone (31), the gap being L1 and satisfying l1=0.4d1 to 2d1, and/or, The rotation diameter of the first stirring blade (52) is 1.1-1.4 times that of the third stirring blade (54).
4. The continuous production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first stirring blade (52) and the third stirring blade (54) are both axial flow impellers, and the blade mounting angles of both are configured to drive the fluid to generate opposite axial main flows when the rotating shaft (51) rotates in one direction; the second stirring vane (53) is configured to provide a shearing action in operation.
5. The continuous production apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the second stirring blade (53) is a radial flow impeller, and/or, The second stirring blades (53) are provided with a plurality of stirring blades which are arranged at intervals from top to bottom.
6. Continuous production apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of elongated baffles (313) are mounted on the side wall of the stirring zone (31) at intervals along the circumference thereof.
7. Continuous production apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the particle reservoir (4) communicates with the upper space of the sedimentation zone (32) via a venting line (41) for equalizing the pressure in the particle reservoir (4).
8. The continuous production apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper region of the smelting furnace (1) is provided with an air inlet and/or, One end of the runner (2) is connected to the bottom area of the smelting furnace (1), and the other end is connected to the upper area of the stirring area (31).
9. A continuous process for the preparation of a particle-reinforced aluminium-based composite material, characterized in that it is carried out on the basis of an apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, said process comprising the steps of: (1) Continuously introducing aluminum-based melt and reinforcing particles into the inner cavity of a mixing container (3) from a smelting furnace (1) and a particle storage tank (4) according to a preset proportion, ensuring that the liquid level of materials is higher than a first stirring blade (52), and simultaneously controlling the temperature of the aluminum-based melt in the inner cavity to be between 20 ℃ below the alpha-Al precipitation temperature and 50 ℃ above the alpha-Al precipitation temperature; (2) Stirring the mixed material through a stirring mechanism to form mixed slurry in a stirring area (31); (3) The mixed slurry enters a sedimentation zone (32) from the stirring zone (31), and the reinforced particles are further sedimented and component homogenized in the sedimentation zone (32) under the action of gravity, so that a composite material melt with uniformly distributed reinforced particles is obtained; (4) And feeding the composite material melt into a receiving container (6) from a discharge hole.
10. The continuous production method according to claim 9, characterized in that inert gas is introduced into the smelting furnace (1) to press the aluminum-based melt into the inner cavity through a runner (2), and/or, Continuously introducing inert gas into the gas inlet of the stirring zone (31) and discharging the inert gas from the gas outlet, so that the upper space of the stirring zone (31) maintains an inert atmosphere with oxygen content lower than 50ppm, and/or, The reinforcing particles are silicon carbide, and/or, And controlling the stirring mechanism to stir periodically, wherein each period comprises two stages, namely, stirring clockwise for m minutes and stirring anticlockwise for n minutes, and m and n are larger than n.
11. A particle-reinforced aluminium-based composite material, characterized in that it is produced by the continuous preparation method according to claim 9 or 10.

Description

Continuous preparation device and method for particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of composite materials, in particular to a continuous preparation device and a continuous preparation method of a particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material. Background The aluminium-based composite material is an advanced material which is formed by taking aluminium or an alloy thereof as a matrix and introducing a reinforcing phase (such as ceramic particles, fibers and the like) with higher performance. The material can effectively cooperate with the performance advantages of the matrix and the reinforcing phase and make up for the deficiency of single components, thereby forming a composite material system with unique performance. Compared with the traditional aluminum alloy, the aluminum-based composite material has obvious improvement in the aspects of specific strength, wear resistance, heat conductivity, electric conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient and the like, so that the aluminum-based composite material has important application value in the fields of complex working conditions such as aerospace, high-end electronic devices, transportation, corrosion-resistant structures, national defense and military industry and the like. At present, the preparation process of the aluminum-based composite material is mainly divided into two major types, namely a solid-state method and a liquid-state method. The solid preparation method comprises powder metallurgy, spray deposition, diffusion bonding and the like, and the liquid preparation method comprises stirring casting, in-situ synthesis, infiltration method and the like. In contrast, the liquid preparation method has lower process cost and is more suitable for large-scale production. However, the existing liquid preparation technology still faces a plurality of key technical bottlenecks, and besides the problems of poor enhanced phase wettability, uncontrollable interface reaction, easy aggregation of enhanced phases and the like, the existing liquid technology mostly adopts an intermittent single-furnace production mode, the production process is discontinuous, the production efficiency is low, and the consistency and the stability of products are difficult to ensure. These problems severely restrict the high quality, low cost, large scale preparation and application of aluminum-based composites. Therefore, development of a preparation device and a matched process method capable of realizing continuous production are needed in the industry so as to break through the limitation of the existing liquid preparation technology, ensure the material performance and improve the production efficiency and the product consistency. The foregoing background is only for the purpose of providing an understanding of the principles and concepts of the application and is not necessarily prior art to the application or is not necessarily intended to provide a teaching or an enhancement of the novelty and creativity of the application without undue evidence that such is already disclosed prior to the filing date of the present application. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a continuous preparation device and a continuous preparation method for a particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material. In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: The invention provides a continuous preparation device of a particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material, which comprises the following components: A smelting furnace; The mixing container is provided with an inner cavity, the inner cavity is communicated with the smelting furnace through a flow channel, the upper part of the inner cavity is a stirring zone, and the upper area of the stirring zone is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet which are mutually independent; The particle storage tank is arranged at the top of the mixing container, and a feed opening of the particle storage tank extends into the stirring area and is used for introducing reinforcing particles into the stirring area; The stirring mechanism comprises a stirring main body and a driving piece for driving the stirring main body to rotate, wherein the stirring main body is arranged in the stirring area and comprises a vertically arranged rotating shaft, a first stirring blade, a second stirring blade and a third stirring blade which are sequentially fixed at different height positions of the rotating shaft from top to bottom, the rotation diameters of the first stirring blade, the second stirring blade and the third stirring blade are D1, D2 and D3 respectively and satisfy D1> D2 & gtto be greater than or equal to D3, and And the receiving container is arranged below the station of the discharge hole and can move to receive and transfer. In some embodiments, the sedimentation zone is frusto