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CN-122013063-A - Ultrahigh-strength guide rail and preparation method thereof

CN122013063ACN 122013063 ACN122013063 ACN 122013063ACN-122013063-A

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultrahigh-strength guide rail and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of ultrahigh-strength guide rails. The guide rail comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass ：C 0.30~0.50%,Si 0.50~2.00%,Mn 0.10~1.00%,Cr 4.00~6.00%,Mo 0.10~2.00%,V 0.05~0.20%,Nb 0.01~0.10%,W 0.01~0.10%,S≤0.03%,P≤0.03%, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities, wherein the alloy components are subjected to alloy smelting, fine grain strengthening treatment, casting molding, forging processing and heat treatment, and then are subjected to machining processing to obtain the ultrahigh-strength guide rail. The preparation process is simple, the industrial mass production can be realized with low cost, the operation is simple, and the prepared ultrahigh-strength guide rail has very high bearing capacity and rigidity and can keep stable work in extreme environments.

Inventors

  • FU LIMING
  • SONG YI
  • LI QUANPEI
  • XU ZHONGDONG
  • SHAN AIDANG

Assignees

  • 内蒙古中盛工程技术有限公司
  • 上海交通大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20251231

Claims (11)

  1. 1. An ultra-high strength guide rail is characterized in that the weight percentage of the chemical components is ：C 0.30~0.50%,Si 0.50~2.00%,Mn 0.10~1.00%,Cr 4.00~6.00%, Mo 0.10~2.00%,V 0.05~0.20%,Nb 0.01~0.10%,W 0.01~0.10%,S≤0.03%,P≤0.03%,, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
  2. 2. The ultra-high strength rail of claim 1, wherein the chemical composition comprises ：C 0.32~0.45%,Si 0.80~1.20%,Mn 0.20~0.50%,Cr 4.75~5.50%, Mo 1.10~1.75%,V 0.05~0.10%,Nb 0.020~0.06%,W 0.01~0.04%,S≤0.015%,P≤0.020%, weight percent of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
  3. 3. The ultra-high strength guide rail according to claim 1, wherein the mass percentage of the added amount of V, mo and W satisfies C/(V+Nb+W) of 2.8 or more.
  4. 4. The preparation method of the ultra-high strength guide rail is characterized by comprising the following steps of: (1) Alloy smelting Smelting according to the alloy component ingredients of claim 1, wherein the smelting temperature is 1500-1700 ℃; (2) Fine grain strengthening treatment Taking part of the melt to perform component assay after the alloy is completely and uniformly melted, adjusting the alloy components to target components according to the assay result, and adding a fine-grain strengthening agent into the melt 10.0 min before casting to perform fine-grain strengthening treatment; (3) Casting and forming Casting refined molten iron into a prepared mould, wherein the tapping temperature of the molten iron is 1550-1680 ℃; (4) Forging process Forging the cast ingot according to actual requirements to obtain a guide rail blank; (5) Heat treatment of Performing performance heat treatment on the forged woolen material, wherein the performance heat treatment comprises quenching and tempering; (6) Machining treatment And carrying out machining treatment on the cast ingot according to actual requirements.
  5. 5. The method for manufacturing the ultra-high strength guide rail according to claim 4, wherein the smelting temperature in the step (1) is 1640-1680 ℃, the fine-grain strengthening agent component elements in the step (2) comprise Re, B and Ti, and the tapping temperature of the molten steel in the step (3) is 1580-1650 ℃.
  6. 6. The method for preparing an ultra-high strength guide rail according to claim 4, wherein the fine grain strengthening agent in the step (2) is a crystal control mixture mainly containing Re, B and Ti elements, which can significantly improve the morphology and grain size of the as-cast alloy, and the chemical components of the crystal control mixture comprise, by mass, 0.03-0.05% of Re, 0.01-0.05% of B, 0.01-0.02% of Ti, and the balance of Fe.
  7. 7. The method for preparing the ultra-high strength guide rail according to claim 4, wherein the quenching temperature in the step (5) is 900-1200 ℃, the quenching medium is oil, the tempering temperature is 200-400 ℃ and the time is 8.0-12.0 hours.
  8. 8. The method of manufacturing an ultra-high-strength rail according to claim 4, wherein the quenching temperature in the step (5) is 1030 ℃, the quenching medium is oil, the tempering temperature is 300 ℃, the time is 10.0 hours, and then the air cooling is performed.
  9. 9. The method of manufacturing an ultra-high strength rail according to claim 4, wherein the quenching and tempering are followed by a secondary tempering treatment at a temperature of 300 ℃ for 10.0 hours.
  10. 10. The method for preparing the ultra-high strength guide rail according to claim 4, wherein the guide rail can be used after carburization and nitridation treatment according to actual condition requirements, and the Rockwell hardness of the treated guide rail is more than or equal to 55.0 HRC.
  11. 11. The method according to claim 1 and 4, wherein the mechanical properties of the rail are such that the tensile strength is not less than 1850 MPa, the elongation is not less than 8.0%, the Rockwell hardness is not less than 52.0 HRC, the room temperature impact toughness AKV is not less than 40.0J, and the low temperature impact toughness AKV at-40 ℃ is not less than 22.0J.

Description

Ultrahigh-strength guide rail and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of ultrahigh-strength guide rails, and particularly relates to an ultrahigh-strength guide rail and a preparation method thereof. Background In modern mechanical devices, the guide rail is used as a key transmission component, and the performance of the guide rail directly influences the precision, the stability and the service life of the device. Particularly in high precision, high speed, high load machinery, the performance requirements of the guide rail are more stringent. However, the existing guide rail technology often has defects in precision, strength, wear resistance and the like, and is difficult to meet the high-performance requirements of modern mechanical equipment. In particular, in the manufacturing process of the existing guide rail, problems such as rough surface, poor straightness, insufficient hardness and the like of the guide rail often occur due to the limitations of materials, processes and equipment. These problems not only affect the accuracy and wear resistance of the guide rail, but may also lead to unstable operation of the apparatus, reducing the service life of the apparatus. In addition, some high-precision guide rails have insufficient strength and rigidity, are difficult to bear high-speed and heavy-load working conditions, and are easy to deform and break. The impact of carbon on mechanical properties is greatest, the carbon content is high, the material has excellent hardness and wear resistance, but the impact toughness is poor, cracking or surface fatigue is easy to cause, the carbon content is low, the impact toughness can be improved, but the hardness is reduced, the wear resistance is reduced, and the impact toughness can be improved on the basis of not reducing the wear resistance by adding alloy elements such as Nb, al, cu, rare earth elements and the like, but the cost is increased. Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, it is necessary to develop an ultra-high strength guide rail. The guide rail can overcome the limitation of the prior art, obviously improve the precision, strength, wear resistance and stability of the guide rail, and meet the high-performance requirement of modern mechanical equipment. Patent document CN116592052a provides a light hollow guide rail, by setting the light steel top plate to be a special-shaped structure, the horizontal plane part of the light steel top plate is set to be concave, and the two sides of the light steel top plate are set to be multi-section curved structures, two sections are continuously curved, the first section is curved from outside to inside, the second section is curved from inside to outside, and the two sections are curved structures, so that the whole bearing capacity of the light steel top plate is improved, and the situation of flat collapse deformation is avoided. The invention solves the problems that the existing light hollow guide rail is easy to deform and is unfavorable for realizing high strength of the guide rail and reducing weight to a certain extent. However, the invention has certain limitation in mechanical property. The patent document CN115537662A provides a normalized Q345qD steel plate for an empty iron track beam, which is manufactured by the following steps of desulfurizing molten iron, smelting in a converter, refining outside the converter, continuous casting, slab heating, descaling, rough rolling, finish rolling, ACC cooling, straightening, surface inspection, flaw detection, heat treatment, straightening, head cutting, tail cutting, sampling inspection qualification, jet printing, labeling, warehousing, wherein the chemical components of the steel plate material are ：C：0.14％～0.17％,Si：0.10％～0.30％,P：≤0.018％,S：≤0.005％,Mn：1.4％～1.55％,Als：0.020～0.040％,Nb：0.010～0.020％,V：0.050～0.070％,Ti：0.010～0.020％,B：≤0.0005％, percent by weight, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities. However, the carbon content of the base material is low, so that the product has a certain limitation in terms of hardness. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an ultrahigh-strength guide rail and a preparation method thereof, overcomes the defects of the existing materials, obtains a material with excellent performance through a preparation process mode easy to realize, and can meet the performance requirement of the ultrahigh-strength guide rail. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: An ultra-high strength guide rail comprises the chemical components of ：C 0.30~0.50%,Si 0.50~2.00%,Mn 0.10~1.00%,Cr 4.00~6.00%, Mo 0.10~2.00%,V 0.05~0.20%,Nb 0.01~0.10%,W 0.01~0.10%,S≤0.03%,P≤0.03%, weight percent and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities. Preferably, the ultra-high strength guide rail comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weig