CN-122013074-A - Efficient thermal processing treatment method for 6xxx series aluminum profile

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency heat processing method of a 6xxx aluminum profile, which comprises the following steps of S1 preheating an aluminum bar, S2 hot extruding the preheated aluminum bar into an aluminum profile with a preset cross-section shape, S3 cooling the obtained aluminum profile, S4 pre-deforming the cooled aluminum profile, S5 carrying out natural aging and/or multi-stage artificial aging heat treatment on the aluminum profile, and S6 carrying out online spraying solidification treatment on the aluminum profile subjected to the time-efficient treatment. By reasonable design and accurate control of the hot extrusion and heat treatment process, the invention not only greatly improves the heat processing efficiency of the aluminum profile, but also ensures that the building aluminum profile can obtain higher strength after short-time heat treatment and even reach the strength level of high-strength industrial aluminum profile on the premise of ensuring excellent mechanical property and surface quality of the aluminum profile, thereby meeting the application requirements of the fields of building, automobiles, electronic appliances, machining and the like on the high-performance and high-benefit lightweight aluminum profile.

Inventors

• HOU LONGGANG
• YAN XINQIAO
• MA BIAO
• LI MEIYU
• LIU YUNTANG
• WU XIKUN
• Guan Weitong
• LIANG YAO
• YANG TAOTAO
• LU SHENG
• ZHOU GUISHAN
• ZHOU QIANLIANG
• Yang Youji
• LIAO PEIKUN

Assignees

• 广东兴发铝业有限公司
• 广东兴发铝业（江西）有限公司
• 广东兴发铝业（河南）有限公司
• 广东省广新创新研究院有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20251226

Claims (10)

1. 1. The efficient heat treatment method for the 6xxx aluminum profile is characterized by comprising the following steps of: S1, preheating an aluminum bar to 430-500 ℃; s2, hot extruding the preheated aluminum bar into an aluminum profile with a preset cross-sectional shape; S3, cooling the obtained aluminum profile, and selecting one of the following modes: (1) Carrying out online cooling treatment on the aluminum profile at the extrusion outlet, wherein the rapid cooling is adopted, the cooling rate is 0.5-50 ℃ per second, or online air cooling is adopted; (2) Carrying out solid solution and quenching cooling treatment on the aluminum profile, wherein the solid solution treatment process is to heat the aluminum profile to 520-565 ℃ and keep the temperature for 0.5 min-5 h, the heating rate is 1-10 ℃ per second, the quenching process is to rapidly cool, and the cooling rate is 1-50 ℃ per second; s4, pre-deforming the cooled aluminum profile; S5, carrying out natural aging and/or multi-stage artificial aging heat treatment on the aluminum profile, wherein the natural aging is that the aluminum profile is stored for not more than 10 days at room temperature, the multi-stage artificial aging heat treatment is a two-stage or three-stage artificial aging process, wherein, The two-stage artificial aging process comprises the steps of preserving heat for 0.5-6 hours at the temperature of 110-150 ℃ in the first stage, preserving heat for 0.1-8 hours at the temperature of 180-230 ℃ in the second stage, and then air cooling, wherein the three-stage artificial aging process comprises the steps of preserving heat for 1-10 hours at the temperature of 80-140 ℃ in the first stage, preserving heat for 0.1-8 hours at the temperature of 180-230 ℃ in the second stage, preserving heat for 1-10 hours at the temperature of 80-140 ℃ in the second stage, and then air cooling; and S6, carrying out online spraying and curing treatment on the aluminum profile subjected to the time-efficient treatment, heating the sprayed aluminum profile to 180-250 ℃, preserving heat for 10-60 min, wherein the heating rate is 1-10 ℃ per second, and then carrying out air cooling.
2. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the aluminum bar is preheated by a gas multi-bar furnace or an induction heating furnace for a total preheating time period of 0.1 to 10 hours.
3. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, a hot extruder is adopted to extrude the aluminum bar into the aluminum profile with the preset cross-section shape, and the hot extrusion process parameters comprise the preheating temperature of an extrusion cylinder of 350-450 ℃, the preheating temperature of a die of 380-470 ℃, the advancing speed of an extrusion rod of 1.0-16.0 mm/S, the outlet temperature of the profile of 520-570 ℃ and the outlet speed of 1-60 m/min.
4. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, when rapid cooling is selected, rapid cooling is performed on the aluminum profile by strong wind, water mist, water spray, immersion or a combination of two by two at a distance of 1.0-2.0 m from the outlet.
5. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in said step S3, the solution treatment process is an on-line or off-line solution treatment, wherein the on-line solution treatment heats the aluminum profile by induction or infrared heating, and the off-line solution treatment heats the aluminum profile by muffle or forced air circulation heating, induction or infrared heating.
6. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the quenching process is rapid cooling of the aluminum profile with strong wind, water mist, water spray or immersion water.
7. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the aluminum profile is pre-deformed after being subjected to on-line cooling or solution and quenching cooling, and the deformation amount is 0.5-5%.
8. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S5, the natural aging is that the aluminum profile is stored at room temperature for 0.1 to 48 hours.
9. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S5, the temperature rise time from room temperature to the first stage temperature is 10 to 60min, and the temperature rise time from the first stage temperature to the second stage temperature is 10 to 40min.
10. 10. The method according to claim 1 or 9, wherein in the step S5, when the continuous batch heat treatment is required, after the previous batch is discharged from the furnace, the furnace temperature is stabilized at 120-160 ℃ and kept for 5-15 min, and then the next batch is pushed.

Description

Efficient thermal processing treatment method for 6xxx series aluminum profile Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of metal materials and metallurgy, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency thermal processing method for 6xxx aluminum profiles. Background Aluminum alloy materials are widely used in the fields of construction and housing, transportation equipment, aerospace vehicles, electronic and electric appliances, etc. because of their excellent mechanical properties, workability, corrosion resistance, surface aesthetics, low density, etc., and particularly, medium-low strength 6 xxx-series aluminum alloys, such as 6063, 6060, 6005, 6006, 6463, 6008, etc., are widely used for the manufacture of construction doors and windows, curtain walls, and lightweight electronic/automobile parts, etc. The 6063 and 6060 aluminum alloys are widely used for extrusion manufacturing of aluminum profiles such as doors and windows, curtain walls, cooling fins, motor shells and the like due to excellent processing performance, and the production process comprises aluminum bar casting, homogenization heat treatment, aluminum bar preheating, hot extrusion, online cooling, straightening, artificial aging heat treatment, packaging, transportation and the like, and extrusion production is performed by using aluminum bars without homogenization heat treatment, but compared with the homogenization heat treatment aluminum bars, extrusion efficiency, profile surface quality and the like are limited. After the extruded aluminum profile is subjected to on-line cooling (such as air cooling, fog cooling, water cooling or combined cooling) and straightening treatment, high mechanical properties are obtained through artificial aging heat treatment, and the use requirement of the rear end is met. The national standard GB/T6892-2023 'general Industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extruded section' specifies the mechanical property requirement of 6063 aluminum section with the thickness of < = 3 mm: Tensile strength > =175 MPa, yield strength > =130 MPa, elongation after break > =6%, Tensile strength > =215 MPa, yield strength > =170 MPa, elongation after break > =6%. In addition, the national standard GB/T5237.1-2017 aluminum alloy construction section 1 part of the base material also prescribes the mechanical property requirements of all thickness 6063 aluminum sections: the tensile strength > =160 MPa, the yield strength > =110 MPa, the elongation after break > =8%, Tensile strength > =205 MPa, yield strength > =180 MPa, elongation after break > =8%. In contrast, GB/T6892-2023 requires higher strength for the T5 state 6063 aluminum profile than GB/T5237.1-2017, while GB/T5237.1-2017 requires higher elongation and yield strength for the 6063-T5 and 6063-T6 states of aluminum profiles than GB/T6892-2023. In general, 6xxx series aluminum alloy extruded profiles are synergistically optimized to meet the required mechanical property requirements through processes such as composition, hot extrusion, artificial aging heat treatment and the like, and under the condition of ensuring reasonable extrusion outlet temperature and online cooling speed, 170-240 ℃ heat preservation of 2-16 h and more are usually adopted as the artificial aging heat treatment process, such as European patent EP 15172208 and EP 2644727, and Chinese patent invention patents ZL 20161148244. X, ZL 201711478700.1, ZL 201910055207.1, ZL 202011041608.0, ZL 202110918409.1, etc. in the artificial aging heat treatment process, aluminum bodies with a certain degree of supersaturation of solute atoms form a series of precipitated phases including GP zones (atom clusters), beta ' ' -Mg 2 Si phases, beta ' -Mg 2 Si phases, beta-Mg 2 Si phase, wherein GP region (cluster) and beta ' -Mg 2 Si phase are in coherent relation with the aluminum matrix, beta ' -Mg 2 Si phase is in semi-coherent relation with the aluminum matrix, beta-Mg 2 Si phase is in non-coherent relation with the aluminum matrix, and coherent beta ' -Mg 2 Si phase is considered to be the main precipitation strengthening phase of the 6xxx aluminum alloy. Therefore, the artificial aging heat treatment process should aim to obtain a high number density and fine β "-Mg 2 Si precipitated phase, thereby achieving higher strength, while ensuring a high supersaturation of solute atoms in the aluminum matrix. The precipitation process of the 6xxx aluminum alloy strengthening phase is mainly influenced by alloy components, solid solubility and artificial aging heat treatment processes, such as Mg, si, cu, zn, sn and other alloy elements, mg/Si mass ratio (or atomic ratio) and the like, and particularly the aging initial atomic cluster roughening behavior or GP zone formation and the transformation of the GP zone to beta '' -Mg 2 Si phase can obviously influence the aging hardening effect and aging response speed of the alloy. Yasuo Takaki and the like pre-age the quenched Al-0.62Mg-0.62Si-0.08F