CN-122013086-A - Gradient nickel-based corrosion-resistant coating on aluminum alloy surface and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a gradient nickel-based corrosion-resistant coating on an aluminum alloy surface and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of metal material plating. The invention provides a gradient nickel-based corrosion-resistant coating for an aluminum alloy surface and a preparation method thereof, wherein the gradient nickel-based corrosion-resistant coating is formed by spraying a metal nickel layer on an aluminum alloy substrate, and performing heat treatment on the metal nickel layer to enable aluminum and nickel to react, so as to obtain a gradient structure coating which sequentially comprises a Ni layer, a Ni 3 Al layer, a NiAl layer and an aluminum alloy substrate from the surface to the substrate. According to the invention, ni and Al react to generate the Ni-Al compound in a high-temperature heat treatment environment, so that the bonding strength between coatings is effectively improved, and the nickel-based corrosion-resistant coating with a gradient structure has good corrosion resistance.

Inventors

• ZHANG XIAOLIN
• WANG FEI
• DING YI
• ZHOU DINGCHENG
• WANG HUI
• WANG XUN
• LI KEQIANG
• GAO XUEFEI
• TANG HUADONG
• FENG FAN

Assignees

• 中航成飞民用飞机有限责任公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20260415

Claims (10)

1. 1. The preparation method of the gradient nickel-based corrosion-resistant coating on the surface of the aluminum alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps: A. Performing sand blasting treatment on the surface of the aluminum alloy matrix to obtain an aluminum alloy substrate with roughened surface; B. Heating and preserving heat of the metal nickel powder, and spraying the metal nickel powder on the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate with the roughened surface by adopting plasma spraying to obtain a metal nickel layer, wherein the thickness of the obtained metal nickel layer in the step B is 100-300 mu m; C. And C, raising the temperature of the aluminum alloy substrate plated with the metal nickel layer to 300-500 ℃ at the temperature raising rate of 4-6 ℃ per minute, preserving heat, and then cooling with a furnace to obtain the gradient nickel-based corrosion-resistant coating which sequentially comprises a Ni layer, a Ni 3 Al layer, a NiAl layer and an aluminum alloy substrate from the surface to the substrate, wherein the thickness ratio of the Ni layer, the Ni 3 Al layer and the NiAl layer in the obtained gradient structure coating is 1:0.2-0.5:0.2-0.5.
2. 2. The method for preparing the gradient nickel-based corrosion-resistant coating on the surface of the aluminum alloy, which is characterized in that in the step B, the thickness of the obtained metal nickel layer is 250-300 mu m.
3. 3. The method for preparing the gradient nickel-based corrosion-resistant coating on the surface of the aluminum alloy, which is characterized in that in the step C, the temperature is increased to 450-500 ℃, and the thickness ratio of a Ni layer, a Ni 3 Al layer and a NiAl layer in the obtained gradient structure coating is 1:0.4-0.5:0.4-0.5.
4. 4. The preparation method of the aluminum alloy surface gradient nickel-based corrosion-resistant coating, which is characterized in that in the step B, the plasma spraying condition is that the voltage is 50-70V, the current is 500-550A, the flow rates of main gas Ar and auxiliary gas H 2 are respectively 60-65L/min and 2-4L/min, the flow rate of powder feeding gas Ar is 6-7L/min, the spraying distance is 110-120 mm, and the travelling speed is 12-14 cm/s.
5. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein in step A, the aluminum alloy substrate is 7075 aluminum alloy, 7055 aluminum alloy, 6061 aluminum alloy or 2024 aluminum alloy.
6. 6. The method for preparing the gradient nickel-based corrosion-resistant coating on the surface of the aluminum alloy, which is characterized in that in the step A, the time of sand blasting is 5-15 min.
7. 7. The method for preparing the gradient nickel-based corrosion-resistant coating on the surface of the aluminum alloy, which is characterized in that in the step B, the particle size of the nickel powder is 45-150 mu m.
8. 8. The method for preparing the gradient nickel-based corrosion-resistant coating on the surface of the aluminum alloy, which is characterized in that in the step B, the temperature of heating and heat preservation of the metal nickel powder is 80-100 ℃ and the time is 0.5-2 h.
9. 9. The method for preparing the gradient nickel-based corrosion-resistant coating on the surface of the aluminum alloy, which is characterized in that in the step C, the heat preservation time is 1-3 hours.
10. 10. The gradient nickel-based corrosion-resistant coating which is prepared by the preparation method of the gradient nickel-based corrosion-resistant coating on the surface of the aluminum alloy according to any one of claims 1-9 and sequentially comprises a Ni layer, a Ni 3 Al layer, a NiAl layer and an aluminum alloy substrate from the surface to the substrate.

Description

Gradient nickel-based corrosion-resistant coating on aluminum alloy surface and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of metal material plating, and particularly relates to a gradient nickel-based corrosion-resistant coating on an aluminum alloy surface and a preparation method thereof. Background The aluminum alloy has been widely used in various fields such as construction, aerospace and automobile manufacturing due to its advantages of light weight, high strength and good workability. However, aluminum alloys also have the problem of being susceptible to corrosion, which not only affects their appearance, but also reduces their performance and service life, even in certain critical areas (e.g., aerospace) where safety may be compromised. The surface coating may provide corrosion protection for aluminum alloy components used in corrosive environments. CN 110760782A discloses a wear-resistant aluminum alloy, which comprises an aluminum alloy substrate and a wear-resistant coating plated on the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate, wherein the wear-resistant coating comprises an Al/Ni primer layer plated on the aluminum alloy substrate and a metal ceramic composite coating plated on the Al/Ni primer layer, the Al/Ni primer layer comprises, by mass, 2-8% of Al, the balance of Ni, and the metal ceramic composite coating comprises, by mass, 10-30% of WC and the balance of Ni60. CN113089048a discloses an application of a protective coating for a welded joint, wherein the protective coating for the welded joint has a double-layer structure of an anodic aluminum oxide layer and a Ni-P plating layer, and the protective coating for the welded joint is applied to a welded joint surface of aluminum alloy friction stir welding, and the preparation method comprises the following steps of 1) pretreating the welded joint surface of aluminum alloy to obtain a smooth and smooth welded joint surface of aluminum alloy to be reinforced, 2) performing anodic oxidation treatment on the welded joint surface of aluminum alloy to be reinforced obtained through the treatment in step 1) to obtain a compact porous anodic aluminum oxide intermediate layer, 3) performing activation reaming treatment on the anodic aluminum oxide intermediate layer obtained through the treatment in step 2) to obtain the welded joint surface of nickel-aluminum alloy to be plated, and 4) performing electrochemical nickel plating treatment on the welded joint surface of nickel-aluminum alloy to be plated obtained through the treatment in step 3) to obtain the protective coating for the welded joint. CN118835243A discloses a preparation method of an aluminum alloy micro-arc oxidation-chemical plating Ni/P electromagnetic shielding coating, which comprises the following steps of 1 grinding and cleaning an aluminum alloy sample, 2 preparing a micro-arc oxidation coating by adopting a double-pulse direct current power supply, 3 immersing the micro-arc oxidation sample obtained in the step 2 into a sensitization solution for 1-5 min, flushing residual liquid with deionized water, 4 activating the sample in an activation solution for 20-50 s, flushing the residual liquid with deionized water, 5 reducing the sample in a reduction solution for 10-90 s, taking out, flushing the residual liquid with deionized water, 6 performing chemical plating treatment in a water bath, 7 immersing the workpiece obtained in the step 6 in a stearic acid ethanol solution, wherein the concentration of the stearic acid ethanol solution is 0.1-1 mol/L, the solution temperature is 50-70 ℃, the soaking time is 1-8 h, and taking out and drying to obtain the composite coating. CN118308715A discloses a preparation method of a pitting corrosion resistant aluminum-based composite coating, which comprises the following steps of S1, mechanically mixing aluminum alloy powder, branched-crystal Ni powder, cr powder and spherical Al 2O3 powder according to the mass ratio of 9-21:3-7:12-28:10, drying in 50-80 ℃ blasting dryness to prepare mixed powder, S2, carrying out sand blasting treatment on a metal substrate under the pressure of 0.5-0.8 MPa by adopting silicon carbide sand grains to enable the surface roughness Sa of the metal substrate to reach 2.5, S3, putting the mixed powder into low-pressure cold spraying equipment, adjusting the parameters of the low-pressure cold spraying equipment, wherein the pressure of a spray gun is 0.6-0.85 MPa, the working temperature is 400-600 ℃, the moving speed of a nozzle is 800-1200 mm/min, the powder supply speed is 0.5-0.9 g/s, and carrying out spraying on the surface of the metal substrate subjected to sand blasting pretreatment by operating machines to obtain the pitting corrosion resistant aluminum-based composite coating. CN215680143U discloses a pure nickel conductive composite material cold and hot sprayed on the surface of an aluminum alloy, which comprises an aluminum alloy substrate (1), wherein