Search

CN-122013107-A - High-toughness coated cutting tool as well as preparation method and application thereof

CN122013107ACN 122013107 ACN122013107 ACN 122013107ACN-122013107-A

Abstract

The invention provides a high-toughness coated cutter, a preparation method and application thereof, and solves the technical problem of insufficient service life of the cutter caused by easy failure of a coating in the prior art. The high-toughness coated cutting tool comprises a substrate and a coating deposited on the substrate, wherein the coating comprises a first coating, a second coating, a third coating and a fourth coating which are sequentially deposited on the substrate, the first coating is a first AlTiN layer, the second coating comprises a TiSiN layer and a first AlTiN layer which are circularly distributed, the third coating comprises a TiSiN layer and a second AlTiN layer which are circularly distributed, the fourth coating comprises an AlTiSiN layer, and the atomic percentage of Al is that the second AlTiN layer is greater than the first AlTiN layer, and the AlTiSiN layer is greater than the first AlTiN layer. The preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages that the process is simple and controllable, the prepared coating has the characteristics of a layered structure with hard surface layers and alternately hard and tough inside, cracks can deflect along the interface between layers, the cracks are effectively prevented from continuing to expand downwards, and the service life of the cutter in a severe processing environment is prolonged.

Inventors

  • LU PAN
  • ZHANG WENKE
  • YANG CHENGLIANG
  • CHEN XIMIN
  • CHENG YUE
  • YAN YAN

Assignees

  • 成都美奢锐新材料有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20251231

Claims (9)

  1. 1. The high-toughness coated cutting tool comprises a substrate and a coating deposited on the substrate, and is characterized in that the coating comprises a first coating, a second coating, a third coating and a fourth coating which are sequentially deposited on the substrate; The first coating is a first AlTiN layer; The second coating comprises a TiSiN layer and a first AlTiN layer which are circularly distributed; the third coating comprises a TiSiN layer and a second AlTiN layer which are circularly distributed; The fourth coating comprises an AlTiSiN layer; wherein, the atomic percent of Al is that the second AlTiN layer is > the first AlTiN layer, and the AlTiSiN layer is > the first AlTiN layer.
  2. 2. The high toughness coated tool according to claim 1, wherein the TiSiN layer and the first AlTiN layer are cycled 5-8 times in the second coating and 5-8 times in the third coating.
  3. 3. The method for preparing the high-toughness coated cutting tool according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: depositing a first AlTi target on the surface of a substrate by adopting multi-arc ion plating under the atmosphere of nitrogen to obtain a first coating containing a first AlTiN layer; Circularly depositing a TiSi target and a first AlTi target on the surface of the first coating by adopting multi-arc ion plating in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a second coating comprising a TiSiN layer and a first AlTiN layer which are circularly distributed; Circularly depositing a TiSi target and a second AlTi target on the surface of the second coating by adopting multi-arc ion plating in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a third coating comprising a TiSiN layer and a second AlTiN layer which are circularly distributed; and adopting multi-arc ion plating, and depositing AlTiSi targets on the surface of the third coating in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a fourth coating containing an AlTiSiN layer.
  4. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the deposition process parameters are a molecular pump speed of 330Hz, a substrate bias of-40V, and an arc source current of 150-220A, Independently starting a first AlTi target in the deposition process of the first coating, wherein the deposition time is 600-900 seconds; In the deposition process of the second coating, cyclically starting the TiSi target and the first AlTi target, wherein the cycle times are 5-8 times, and the total deposition time is 540-720 seconds; In the deposition process of the third coating, cyclically starting the TiSi target and the second AlTi target, wherein the cycle times are 5-8 times, and the total deposition time is 540-720 seconds; In the deposition process of the fourth coating, the AlTiSi targets are independently started, and the deposition time is 1800-2400 seconds.
  5. 5. The method of claim 3, wherein the first AlTi target has an Al/Ti atomic percent ratio of 1:1, the second AlTi target has an Al/Ti atomic percent ratio of 0.67:0.33, and the TiSi target has an Ti/Si atomic percent ratio of 0.8:0.2:0.6:0.3:0.1.
  6. 6. The method of claim 3, further comprising shot-peening the substrate with an abrasive grain size of 10000-15000 mesh, a nozzle pressure of 0.15-0.3MPa, and a treatment time of 10-20 minutes.
  7. 7. The method of claim 6, further comprising performing plasma etching on the substrate after shot-peening, wherein the substrate is heated to 600 ℃ in a coating chamber and kept at the temperature for 900 minutes, the substrate bias is adjusted to-500V, the rotation speed of a molecular pump is 450Hz, argon is introduced, the air pressure is adjusted to 1.5Pa, and the cleaning time is 50 minutes.
  8. 8. The method of claim 3, further comprising shot blasting the fourth coating after the fourth coating is deposited, wherein the abrasive grain size is 10000-15000 mesh, the spray gun pressure is 0.15-0.2 MPa, and the treatment time is 5-10 min.
  9. 9. A method for processing nickel-base superalloy, characterized in that the high-toughness coated tool according to claim 1 or 2 is used for cutting.

Description

High-toughness coated cutting tool as well as preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of coated cutters and dry machining, in particular to a high-toughness coated cutter, a preparation method and application thereof. Background Titanium alloys and nickel-based superalloys are widely used in the fields of aerospace, petrochemical, marine, and the like because of their good oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance, stability and reliability at different temperatures. In the cutting process of the nickel-based superalloy, a large amount of processing heat can be generated due to the interaction between the cutter and the workpiece, and meanwhile, due to the fact that the heat conductivity coefficient of the workpiece is low, a large amount of cutting heat can be accumulated at a processing contact point, so that the problems of serious cutter abrasion, shortened service life, frequent cutter replacement and the like are caused. Therefore, the cutting machining of titanium alloys and nickel-based superalloys is increasingly requiring cutting accuracy and efficiency of tools. Depositing a hard coating on the tool can greatly improve tool life. Ternary nitrides (TiAlN and/or TiSiN) have higher microhardness and better wear resistance, and are currently the most commonly used coating materials. However, due to the lower modulus of elasticity and higher residual stress, the coating is susceptible to spalling in the face of impact on the tiny hard particles in nickel-based superalloy processing, thereby exacerbating tool wear. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the technical problem of insufficient service life of a cutter caused by easy failure of a coating in the prior art, the invention provides a high-toughness coated cutter, and a preparation method and application thereof, and the technical scheme is as follows: The high-toughness coated cutting tool comprises a substrate and a coating deposited on the substrate, wherein the coating comprises a first coating, a second coating, a third coating and a fourth coating which are sequentially deposited on the substrate; The first coating is a first AlTiN layer; The second coating comprises a TiSiN layer and a first AlTiN layer which are circularly distributed; the third coating comprises a TiSiN layer and a second AlTiN layer which are circularly distributed; The fourth coating comprises an AlTiSiN layer; wherein, the atomic percent of Al is that the second AlTiN layer is > the first AlTiN layer, and the AlTiSiN layer is > the first AlTiN layer. As a further improvement of the high toughness coated cutting tool, the TiSiN layer and the first AlTiN layer are circulated 5-8 times in the second coating layer, and the TiSiN layer and the second AlTiN layer are circulated 5-8 times in the third coating layer. The preparation method of the high-toughness coated cutting tool comprises the following steps: depositing a first AlTi target on the surface of a substrate by adopting multi-arc ion plating under the atmosphere of nitrogen to obtain a first coating containing a first AlTiN layer; Circularly depositing a TiSi target and a first AlTi target on the surface of the first coating by adopting multi-arc ion plating in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a second coating comprising a TiSiN layer and a first AlTiN layer which are circularly distributed; Circularly depositing a TiSi target and a second AlTi target on the surface of the second coating by adopting multi-arc ion plating in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a third coating comprising a TiSiN layer and a second AlTiN layer which are circularly distributed; and adopting multi-arc ion plating, and depositing AlTiSi targets on the surface of the third coating in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a fourth coating containing an AlTiSiN layer. As a further improvement of the preparation method, the deposition process parameters are that the rotation speed of a molecular pump is 330Hz, the base bias voltage is-40V, and the arc source current is 150-220A, wherein, Independently starting a first AlTi target in the deposition process of the first coating, wherein the deposition time is 600-900 seconds; In the deposition process of the second coating, cyclically starting the TiSi target and the first AlTi target, wherein the cycle times are 5-8 times, and the total deposition time is 540-720 seconds; In the deposition process of the third coating, cyclically starting the TiSi target and the second AlTi target, wherein the cycle times are 5-8 times, and the total deposition time is 540-720 seconds; In the deposition process of the fourth coating, the AlTiSi targets are independently started, and the deposition time is 1800-2400 seconds. The preparation method is further improved in that the atomic percentage ratio of Al to Ti in the first AlTi target is 1:1, the atomic percentage ratio of Al to Ti in the second AlTi target is 0.67:0.33, the atomic percentage rat