CN-122013259-A - Method for preparing aluminum-manganese alloy by utilizing room-temperature electrolyte electrodeposition

Abstract

A method for preparing aluminum-manganese alloy by utilizing room temperature electrolyte electrodeposition belongs to the technical field of metallurgy. The invention adopts triethylamine hydrochloride and aluminum chloride to prepare room temperature electrolyte, takes anhydrous manganese chloride or manganese bromide as manganese salt, and prepares the aluminum-manganese alloy by electrodeposition under the condition of low-temperature non-aqueous system. According to the invention, stable deposition of the aluminum-manganese alloy layer can be realized on the surface of the magnesium-lithium alloy without high temperature, the components of the deposited aluminum-manganese alloy layer are more uniform, and the accurate control of the manganese content in the deposited layer can be realized. Meanwhile, the aluminum-manganese alloy plating layer obtained by electroplating through the method provided by the invention has compact structure, the corrosion resistance and service reliability of a matrix are obviously improved, and the method is especially suitable for surface protection of active metal materials such as magnesium-lithium alloy and the like.

Inventors

• SHI ZHONGNING
• YANG XUE
• LIU AIMIN
• HE ZHENKUN
• HU XIANWEI
• WANG ZHAOWEN
• LIU FENGGUO

Assignees

• 东北大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20260114

Claims (8)

1. 1. A method for preparing aluminum-manganese alloy by utilizing room temperature electrolyte electrodeposition, which is characterized by comprising the following process steps: pretreatment, namely pretreating the magnesium-lithium alloy to obtain the magnesium-lithium alloy with the surface free of impurities for later use; the preparation of the electrolyte, namely mixing triethylamine hydrochloride and aluminum chloride at room temperature, stirring until the aluminum chloride is completely dissolved to obtain the room-temperature electrolyte, and adding manganese salt into the room-temperature electrolyte, and continuously stirring until the mixture is uniform, wherein the molar ratio of the aluminum chloride to the triethylamine hydrochloride is (1.5:1) - (2.0:1); Electrodepositing, namely, taking the pretreated magnesium-lithium alloy as a cathode, taking an aluminum sheet as an anode, and carrying out electrolysis in electrolyte; And (3) cleaning, namely taking out a magnesium-lithium alloy sample after the electrodeposition is finished, and cleaning by acetonitrile to obtain the aluminum-manganese alloy deposited on the surface of the magnesium-lithium alloy.
2. 2. The method for preparing aluminum-manganese alloy by utilizing room temperature electrolyte electrodeposition according to claim 1, wherein in the pretreatment process, the surface of the magnesium-lithium alloy matrix is subjected to pretreatment by sequentially carrying out the procedures of mechanical polishing, ultrasonic cleaning, alkaline cleaning, activating treatment, cleaning, cold air drying, zinc dipping, zinc plating and copper plating.
3. 3. The method for preparing aluminum-manganese alloy by utilizing room temperature electrolyte electrodeposition according to claim 2, wherein the zinc leaching treatment is to dip magnesium-lithium alloy into zinc leaching solution at 50-70 ℃ in a mixed solution containing potassium pyrophosphate, sodium fluoride, sodium carbonate and zinc sulfate for 5-10 min, and the stirring speed is 100-300 r/min.
4. 4. The method for preparing aluminum-manganese alloy by utilizing room temperature electrolyte electrodeposition according to claim 2, wherein the galvanization treatment is to electrolyze 10-30 min at 40-50 ℃ in a mixed solution containing zinc sulfate, potassium pyrophosphate, sodium fluoride, sodium carbonate, ammonium citrate, phytic acid and vanillin with zinc-immersed magnesium-lithium alloy as a cathode and zinc sheet as an anode at 1mA/cm 2 ~5mA/cm 2 to obtain the galvanized magnesium-lithium alloy.
5. 5. The method for preparing aluminum-manganese alloy by utilizing room temperature electrolyte electrodeposition according to claim 2, wherein the copper plating treatment is to electrolyze the galvanized magnesium-lithium alloy serving as a cathode and a copper sheet serving as an anode in a mixed solution containing copper pyrophosphate, potassium pyrophosphate, sodium tartrate and monopotassium phosphate at 40-60 ℃ for 20-30min at 1mA/cm 2 ~5mA/cm 2 to obtain the copper-plated magnesium-lithium alloy.
6. 6. The method for preparing the aluminum-manganese alloy by utilizing the room-temperature electrolyte electrodeposition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the preparation process of the electrolyte, the stirring time is 4-6 hours, and the stirring speed is 200-400 r/min.
7. 7. The method for preparing aluminum-manganese alloy by utilizing room temperature electrolyte electrodeposition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the manganese salt is manganese chloride or manganese bromide, and the concentration of the manganese salt in the electrolyte is 0.01-0.06 mol/L.
8. 8. The method for preparing the aluminum-manganese alloy by utilizing the room-temperature electrolyte electrodeposition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein constant potential is adopted for electrodeposition in the electrodeposition process, the deposition temperature is 20-60 ℃, the voltage in the electrodeposition process is-0.4V vs Al to-1.0V vs Al, and the deposition time is 0.5-2 h.

Description

Method for preparing aluminum-manganese alloy by utilizing room-temperature electrolyte electrodeposition Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and particularly relates to a method for preparing aluminum-manganese alloy by utilizing room-temperature electrolyte electrodeposition. Background The magnesium-lithium alloy has the advantages of low density, high specific strength and the like, and has important application value in the fields of aerospace, transportation, electronic products and the like. However, the magnesium-lithium alloy has high chemical activity and poor corrosion resistance, and particularly, the magnesium-lithium alloy is easy to generate serious corrosion in chlorine-containing media, so that the engineering application of the magnesium-lithium alloy is severely restricted. Therefore, the preparation of the metal or alloy coating with good protective performance on the surface of the magnesium-lithium alloy is an effective way for improving the service reliability of the magnesium-lithium alloy. Aluminum and its alloys are considered as one of the ideal surface protective materials for magnesium-lithium alloys because of their low density, high specific strength, excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, and good corrosion resistance, and good compatibility with magnesium alloys. The aluminum-manganese alloy can improve the microstructure and corrosion resistance of the aluminum-based material to a certain extent by introducing manganese element, so that the aluminum-manganese alloy has potential application advantages in the field of protective coatings. At present, the industrialized production of aluminum-manganese alloy mainly depends on the traditional metallurgical technology of smelting, casting and hot rolling, but the melting point of metal aluminum and the electrolytic production temperature are both higher than 660 ℃, the smelting process of the aluminum-manganese alloy needs to be carried out at a higher temperature, the energy consumption is large, the process flow is long and the equipment is complex. As a low-temperature energy-saving material preparation method, the electrodeposition technology provides a high-efficiency solution for preparing aluminum-manganese alloy. The electrodeposition can prepare uniform and compact alloy coating with controllable microstructure on a substrate with a complex shape, greatly shortens the process flow, reduces the energy consumption and realizes the microstructure which is difficult to obtain by traditional metallurgy. Aluminum and manganese are metals with higher electrochemical activity, the standard electrode potential difference is larger, hydrogen evolution reaction is easy to occur in the traditional water-based electrolyte, stable deposition is difficult to realize, and meanwhile, aluminum and manganese are easy to form stable oxides or hydroxides in aqueous solution, so that the difficulty of metal deposition and alloying is further increased. Limited by the above factors, aqueous electroplating methods often have difficulty in achieving efficient preparation of aluminum-manganese alloy coatings. Although the high-efficiency deposition of aluminum can be realized by inorganic molten salt systems such as sodium chloride and aluminum chloride, the operation temperature is about 200 ℃, the corrosion to equipment is serious, the energy consumption is still high, and the inorganic molten salt systems are difficult to be compatible with temperature sensitive base materials, so that the organization structure and the mechanical property of the inorganic molten salt systems are influenced. In addition, under the high temperature condition, the deposition behavior and the composition control of the manganese element are difficult, and the aluminum-manganese alloy coating with uniform composition and compact structure is difficult to obtain. The organic solvent electrolyte mainly comprises organic solvents such as ethers (THF), aromatic hydrocarbons and the like, aluminum salt and complexing agents (such as LiAlH 4). Most organic solvents are inflammable and explosive, and the electrodeposited aluminum coating is coarse, porous and poor in adhesive force, so that the co-deposition of alloy elements is difficult. Room temperature ionic liquids represented by 1-methyl-3-ethylimidazole-aluminum chloride (EMIC-AlCl 3) are the hot spot of current research, and imidazole-based ionic liquid systems can realize electrodeposition of aluminum and its alloys at room temperature. However, the synthesis and purification cost of organic cations in the imidazole ionic liquid system is high, the imidazole ionic liquid is difficult to be applied to large-scale industry, is sensitive to water and air, has higher requirements on the operation environment, and greatly improves the cost. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the existing problems, the invention provides a method for preparing aluminum-manganese