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CN-122013342-A - Polypropylene short fiber for automobile wheel cover and preparation method thereof

CN122013342ACN 122013342 ACN122013342 ACN 122013342ACN-122013342-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a polypropylene short fiber for automobile wheel covers and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of artificial filaments or analogues, the polypropylene short fiber is prepared from polypropylene resin, ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer, maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene, high-efficiency plasticizer, antioxidant, light stabilizer, nucleating agent and silicone master batch. Compared with the prior art, the invention optimizes the stress transmission while reducing the entanglement resistance of the polypropylene molecular chain by introducing the high-efficiency plasticizer and matching with the elastomer for toughening and improving the interfacial compatibility, so that the energy dissipation of the fiber is more uniform when the fiber is stressed or repeatedly bent, the fiber is endowed with high elongation at break, the repeated bending fatigue resistance is obviously improved, and the comprehensive requirements of the automobile wheel housing on the toughness and the durability of the material are fully met.

Inventors

  • MA DEZHEN
  • TIAN HAO
  • WANG JIALE

Assignees

  • 湖北博韬合纤股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260413

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The polypropylene short fiber for the automobile wheel cover is characterized by comprising the following raw materials, by weight, 60-90 parts of polypropylene resin, 10-20 parts of ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer, 5-10 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene, 2-5 parts of high-efficiency plasticizer, 1-3 parts of antioxidant, 0.2-0.6 part of light stabilizer, 0.1-0.5 part of nucleating agent and 0.4-0.8 part of silicone master batch; the preparation raw materials of the efficient plasticizer comprise sodium cellulose, dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether, 1, 2-epoxybutane, aliphatic modifier, methanesulfonic acid and toluene; The aliphatic modifier is composed of epoxy fatty acid methyl ester and ricinoleic acid.
  2. 2. The polypropylene staple fiber for automobile wheel covers according to claim 1, wherein the light stabilizer is at least one of light stabilizer 770, light stabilizer 944, and light stabilizer 622.
  3. 3. The polypropylene staple fiber for automobile wheel covers according to claim 1, wherein the nucleating agent is at least one of NA-11 and NA-21.
  4. 4. The polypropylene staple fiber for automobile wheel covers according to claim 1, wherein the antioxidant is at least one of antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 168, antioxidant 1076.
  5. 5. The polypropylene staple fiber for automobile wheel covers as claimed in claim 1, wherein the antioxidant is compounded by an antioxidant 1010 and an antioxidant 168 according to a mass ratio of 0.5-2:0.5-2.
  6. 6. The polypropylene staple fiber for automobile wheel covers according to claim 1, wherein the aliphatic modifier is composed of epoxy fatty acid methyl ester and ricinoleic acid according to a mass ratio of 0.5-2:0.5-2.
  7. 7. A process for preparing the polypropylene staple fiber for automobile wheel covers according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the steps of: Step 1, under the nitrogen atmosphere, adding polypropylene resin, ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer, maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene, high-efficiency plasticizer, antioxidant, light stabilizer, nucleating agent and silicone master batch into a high-speed mixer, setting the stirring speed to be 800-1500r/min, controlling the mixing temperature to be 85-95 ℃ and the mixing time to be 5-15min to obtain a premixed material; step 2, conveying the premixed material to a double-screw extruder, and extruding after melting and plasticizing to obtain spinning melt; Step 3, extruding the spinning melt through a spinning component to form melt trickle, and adopting side blowing air with the temperature of 20-30 ℃ and the air speed of 0.2-1m/s to cool and solidify, wherein the spinning speed is set to 800-1500m/min to prepare nascent fibers; And 4, carrying out two-stage stretching treatment on the primary fiber, wherein the first-stage stretching is carried out in a water bath at the stretching temperature of 70-80 ℃ and the stretching multiple of 1.5-2 times, the second-stage stretching is carried out in a hot box at the stretching temperature of 80-90 ℃ and the stretching multiple of 1.5-2 times, then carrying out heat setting treatment under the hot air condition of 90-100 ℃ for 5-30min, cutting the set fiber into 40-100mm short fiber, and sequentially carrying out static elimination, opening and impurity removal to obtain the polypropylene short fiber for the automobile wheel cover.
  8. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the temperature of each heating section of the twin-screw extruder in the step 2 is set to 185-195 ℃, 200-210 ℃ in the compression zone and 215-225 ℃ in the homogenization zone, and the melting temperature is controlled to 210-220 ℃.
  9. 9. The method of claim 7, wherein the high-efficiency plasticizer is prepared by the following steps in parts by weight: s1, adding 2-4 parts of sodium cellulose and 10-20 parts of dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether into a high-pressure reaction kettle under the protection of nitrogen, heating to 75-90 ℃, continuously introducing 30-50 parts of 1, 2-epoxybutane in 1-3 hours, controlling the reaction temperature to 100-130 ℃, preserving heat for 0.5-3 hours after the addition is finished, cooling and decompressing after the reaction is finished, dropwise adding hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 10-20%, neutralizing reaction liquid, filtering, and recovering dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether by reduced pressure distillation under the conditions of the kettle temperature of 130-150 ℃ and the vacuum degree of-0.08-0.095 MPa to obtain a pretreated product; S2, taking 7-12 parts of the pretreated product in the step S1, mixing with 2-6 parts of aliphatic modifier, 0.05-0.2 part of methanesulfonic acid and 4-8 parts of toluene, reacting for 5-10 hours at 90-105 ℃, after the reaction is finished, decompressing and steaming to remove toluene at 60-85 ℃ under the vacuum degree of-0.08-0.095 MPa, washing to be neutral by using sodium bicarbonate solution with the mass fraction of 5-10%, decompressing, distilling and dehydrating and drying at 60-90 ℃ under the vacuum degree of-0.08-0.095 MPa, and obtaining the efficient plasticizer.
  10. 10. The method of claim 7, wherein the method of preparing the high efficiency plasticizer is further the following, in parts by weight: s1, adding 2-4 parts of sodium cellulose and 10-20 parts of dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether into a high-pressure reaction kettle under the protection of nitrogen, heating to 75-90 ℃, continuously introducing 30-50 parts of 1, 2-epoxybutane in 1-3 hours, controlling the reaction temperature to 100-130 ℃, preserving heat for 0.5-3 hours after the addition is finished, cooling and decompressing after the reaction is finished, dropwise adding hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 10-20%, neutralizing reaction liquid, filtering, and recovering dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether by reduced pressure distillation under the conditions of the kettle temperature of 130-150 ℃ and the vacuum degree of-0.08-0.095 MPa to obtain a pretreated product; S2, stirring and mixing an aliphatic modifier for 30 minutes at 60 ℃ to obtain a premixed acid component, wherein the aliphatic modifier is composed of epoxy fatty acid methyl ester and ricinoleic acid according to the mass ratio of 0.5-2:0.5-2, 7-12 parts of the pretreatment in the step S1 are mixed with the premixed acid component, 0.05-0.2 part of methanesulfonic acid and 4-8 parts of toluene, the mixture is reacted for 1-3 hours at 90-105 ℃, the temperature is raised to 105-115 ℃ and is continuously reacted for 4-8 hours, after the reaction is finished, toluene is distilled off under reduced pressure under the conditions of 60-85 ℃ and the vacuum degree of-0.08-0.095 MPa, the mixture is washed to be neutral by sodium bicarbonate solution with the mass ratio of 5-10%, and then the mixture is distilled, dehydrated and dried under reduced pressure under the conditions of 60-90 ℃ and the vacuum degree of-0.08-0.095 MPa to obtain the efficient plasticizer.

Description

Polypropylene short fiber for automobile wheel cover and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of artificial filaments or the like, in particular to a polypropylene staple fiber for an automobile wheel cover and a preparation method thereof. Background The polypropylene staple fiber has the advantages of light weight, corrosion resistance, low cost and the like, and has wide application prospect in the field of automobile parts such as automobile wheel covers and the like. However, the toughness of the conventional polypropylene staple fibers is generally insufficient, brittle fracture is easy to occur when the conventional polypropylene staple fibers are repeatedly bent or impacted, and the dual requirements of high toughness and long service life of automobile wheel covers in actual use are difficult to meet. For this reason, the prior art has conducted a great deal of research mainly about plasticizer modification, elastomer toughening, interfacial compatibility improvement, etc., in an attempt to improve the toughness of fibers by single or combined means. Patent document with publication number CN121021365A discloses a high-toughness polypropylene short fiber, which reduces entanglement resistance among polypropylene molecular chains by introducing a novel plasticizer with a specific structure, so that the molecular chains are easier to slide relatively when being stressed, thereby improving the stretch resistance and the bending resistance of the fiber. However, the technical scheme mainly depends on the molecular lubrication action of the plasticizer, and cannot solve the problem of interface defects of a multicomponent system in the fiber due to polarity difference, and cannot effectively regulate and control the crystallization behavior of polypropylene, so that the fiber is still easy to break from a weak interface when repeatedly bent or impacted. The literature disclosed in the plastic industry, namely, preparation of gutta-percha toughened glass fiber/high-density polyethylene composite material and performance research thereof, is Jinxin, reports that a method for toughening the glass fiber reinforced high-density polyethylene composite material by adopting natural gutta-percha is adopted, and impact energy is absorbed by inducing silver streaks and shearing bands through elastomer disperse phases. However, the technical proposal aims at the glass fiber reinforced high-density polyethylene system, has obvious differences with the matrix resin and the reinforced form of the polypropylene-based polypropylene staple fiber, and the compatibility of gutta percha and polypropylene and the applicability in the spinning process are not clear. The patent document with publication number CN114805787A discloses a cellulose-based polyether polyol fatty acid ester plasticizer and a preparation method thereof, and the cellulose is used as a raw material to prepare the bio-based plasticizer with the characteristics of high polarity, good flexibility and the like, but the bio-based plasticizer is mainly applied to a polylactic acid system, and the plasticizing effect and the compatibility with a polypropylene matrix in a polypropylene fiber system are to be further verified. In summary, in the prior art, a technical scheme for systematically and cooperatively improving the toughness of the polypropylene staple fiber from three dimensions of molecular chain motion capability, interface bonding strength and crystal region structure has not yet appeared, and in particular, a polypropylene staple fiber which can not only endow the fiber with high elongation at break, but also remarkably improve the repeated bending fatigue resistance and the preparation method thereof are lacking, so as to meet the comprehensive requirements of automobile wheel covers on the toughness and durability of materials. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a polypropylene short fiber for an automobile wheel cover and a preparation method thereof. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: The polypropylene short fiber for the automobile wheel cover comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 60-90 parts of polypropylene resin, 10-20 parts of ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer, 5-10 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene, 2-5 parts of high-efficiency plasticizer, 1-3 parts of antioxidant, 0.2-0.6 part of light stabilizer, 0.1-0.5 part of nucleating agent and 0.4-0.8 part of silicone master batch. The preparation raw materials of the efficient plasticizer comprise sodium cellulose, dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether, 1, 2-epoxybutane, aliphatic modifier, methanesulfonic acid and toluene; The preparation method of the efficient plasticizer comprises the steps of mixing sodium cellulose with dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether, introducing 1, 2-epoxybutane for reactio