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CN-122013363-A - Preparation method of high-elasticity stain-resistant composite fiber

CN122013363ACN 122013363 ACN122013363 ACN 122013363ACN-122013363-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-elasticity stain-resistant composite fiber, which relates to the technical field of composite fibers, and comprises the steps of uniformly mixing nylon 66, glass fiber, nano titanium dioxide and a silane coupling agent according to the mass ratio of 1:1:0.6:0.13, preparing an elastomer through extrusion molding, uniformly winding silver ion antibacterial fiber monofilaments, polyester fiber monofilaments and aramid fiber monofilaments serving as the skin layers of the composite fiber on the surface of a core layer through a multilayer co-spinning technology, dipping the composite fiber wound with the skin layers in a hydrophobic coating, and drying the dipped composite fiber through an oven to enable the coating to be solidified on the surface of the fiber to form a uniform coating layer. The elastomer is used as a fiber core layer structure, so that the toughness of the fiber is improved, the breaking elongation of the fiber is increased, and the composite fiber prepared by the method has excellent shrinkage performance by adding the elastomer, and meanwhile, the elastomer has good stain resistance by adding nano titanium dioxide.

Inventors

  • XU SHILEI
  • TIAN WEI
  • SUN AIHUA
  • TIAN YANHUA

Assignees

  • 南通锦琪合纤有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260321

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A preparation method of a high-elasticity and stain-resistant composite fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, preparing raw materials, namely nylon 66, glass fiber, silver ion antibacterial fiber monofilament, polyester fiber monofilament, aramid fiber monofilament, hydrophobic coating, silane coupling agent and nano titanium dioxide; S2, uniformly mixing nylon 66, glass fiber, nano titanium dioxide and a silane coupling agent according to the mass ratio of 1:1:0.6:0.13, preparing an elastomer through extrusion molding, and taking the prepared elastomer as a core layer of the composite fiber; s3, uniformly winding silver ion antibacterial fiber monofilaments, polyester fiber monofilaments and aramid fiber monofilaments serving as skin layers of the composite fibers on the surface of the core layer through a multilayer co-spinning technology; S4, dipping the composite fiber wound with the cortex into a hydrophobic coating, and drying the dipped composite fiber through an oven to enable the coating to be solidified on the surface of the fiber to form a uniform coating layer; S5, carrying out post-treatment on the composite fiber prepared in the step S4, wherein the post-treatment comprises cleaning and drying of the composite fiber; And S6, performing performance test on the composite fiber processed in the step S5.
  2. 2. The method for preparing the high-elasticity and stain-resistant composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, nylon 66 and nano titanium dioxide are required to be dried before the elastomer is prepared, then silane coupling agent is uniformly dispersed in ethanol to prepare silane coupling agent solution, glass fiber and nano titanium dioxide are added into the silane coupling agent solution and uniformly stirred, then the glass fiber and the nano titanium dioxide are added into a high-speed mixer together with the nylon 66 to be mixed, a double-screw extruder is selected to extrude, finally silk is extruded through a spinneret plate, and the extruded silk is cooled through a cooling water tank and solidified and molded to obtain the elastomer.
  3. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein S2 further comprises grafting thermoplastic particles onto the molecular chains of the elastomer by using a grafting agent, wherein the grafting agent is maleic anhydride.
  4. 4. The method for preparing a highly elastic and stain-resistant composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein the cross section of the elastomer is elliptical.
  5. 5. The method for preparing the high-elasticity and stain-resistant composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein the method for preparing the silver ion antibacterial fiber monofilament is as follows: Firstly, polyamide is selected as a fiber raw material, then the fiber raw material, silver ion antibacterial agent and polytetrafluoroethylene micropowder are put into a high-speed mixer according to the mass ratio of 5:1.5:1.5 to be mixed uniformly, then the mixed raw material is added into a single-screw or double-screw extruder, the materials are melted in the extruder and extruded through a spinneret plate to form fiber filaments, and the extruded filaments are cooled through a cooling water tank and solidified and molded to obtain silver ion antibacterial fiber monofilaments.
  6. 6. The method for preparing the high-elasticity and stain-resistant composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein the method for preparing the polyester fiber monofilament is as follows: Selecting polyethylene terephthalate slices as polyester slices, taking a stain-resistant agent as fluorocarbon resin emulsion, pre-crystallizing and drying the polyester slices in a vacuum drying oven to ensure that the water content of the polyester slices is less than or equal to 0.003%, mixing the fluorocarbon resin emulsion with the dried polyester slices in a high-speed mixer according to the mass ratio of 5:1, adding the mixed materials into a double-screw extruder, extruding silk yarns through a spinneret plate, cooling the silk yarns through a cooling water tank, and solidifying and forming the silk yarns into polyester fiber monofilaments.
  7. 7. The method for preparing the high-elasticity and stain-resistant composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein the method for preparing the aramid fiber monofilament is as follows: Terephthalic acid and m-phenylenediamine are selected as main raw materials, the main raw materials are prepared according to a molar ratio of 1:1, polytetrafluoroethylene micro powder is selected as a stain resistant agent, then the terephthalic acid and the m-phenylenediamine are mixed and reacted in a reaction kettle to obtain a polymerization solution, the polytetrafluoroethylene micro powder is added into the polymerization solution according to 6% of the total mass of the polymerization solution in the later period of the polymerization reaction, the polytetrafluoroethylene micro powder is uniformly dispersed through high-speed stirring, the polymerization solution is diffused into a film, a polymerization film is obtained through heat treatment operation, and finally the polymerization film is prepared into aramid fiber monofilaments through slitting and wiredrawing spinning processes.
  8. 8. The method for preparing a highly elastic and stain-resistant composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein the hydrophobic coating is preferably fluorocarbon resin.
  9. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the impregnating time is 3 minutes, the oven temperature is 135 ℃ and the drying time is 7 minutes in S4.
  10. 10. The method for preparing the high-elasticity and stain-resistant composite fiber according to claim 2, wherein the aperture of the spinneret plate is 0.3mm, the diameter of the glass fiber is 15 mu m, the particle size of the nano titanium dioxide is 10nm, and the silane coupling agent is gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane.

Description

Preparation method of high-elasticity stain-resistant composite fiber Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of composite fibers, in particular to a preparation method of a high-elasticity stain-resistant composite fiber. Background The preparation technology of the composite fiber is mainly based on the principle of multicomponent blending, namely, different types of polymers or additives are mixed in a molten state and then are prepared into the composite fiber through a spinning process, and the existing composite fiber has the defects that the fiber structure is easy to break, the flexibility of the fiber is poor and certain defects exist after the existing composite fiber is used for a long time. The existing composite fiber has the following defects: 1. In patent document CN104963030B, how to improve corrosion resistance and flexibility of the composite fiber is mainly considered, but it is not considered that the fiber structure of the existing composite fiber is easy to break after long-time use, and the flexibility of the fiber is poor; 2. In patent document CN107858767B, mainly, how to make the composite fiber have a three-dimensional crimp structure and excellent bulkiness, elasticity and particularly soft hand feel are considered, but the situation that the existing composite fiber is easy to crack or deform is not considered, and the structural stability of the composite fiber is poor; 3. In the patent document CN221275996U, how to improve the elasticity and flame retardant effect of the composite fiber is mainly considered, but the poor stain resistance of the existing composite fiber is not considered; 4. In patent document CN218128016U, how to improve the antibacterial and stain-resistant effects of the fiber is mainly considered, and the poor flexibility and abrasion resistance of the existing composite fiber is not considered. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a high-elasticity stain-resistant composite fiber, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology. In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme that the preparation method of the high-elasticity and stain-resistant composite fiber comprises the following steps: s1, preparing raw materials, namely nylon 66, glass fiber, silver ion antibacterial fiber monofilament, polyester fiber monofilament, aramid fiber monofilament, hydrophobic coating, silane coupling agent and nano titanium dioxide; S2, uniformly mixing nylon 66, glass fiber, nano titanium dioxide and a silane coupling agent according to the mass ratio of 1:1:0.6:0.13, preparing an elastomer through extrusion molding, and taking the prepared elastomer as a core layer of the composite fiber; s3, uniformly winding silver ion antibacterial fiber monofilaments, polyester fiber monofilaments and aramid fiber monofilaments serving as skin layers of the composite fibers on the surface of the core layer through a multilayer co-spinning technology; S4, dipping the composite fiber wound with the cortex into a hydrophobic coating, and drying the dipped composite fiber through an oven to enable the coating to be solidified on the surface of the fiber to form a uniform coating layer; S5, carrying out post-treatment on the composite fiber prepared in the step S4, wherein the post-treatment comprises cleaning and drying of the composite fiber; And S6, performing performance test on the composite fiber processed in the step S5. Preferably, in S2, before preparing the elastomer, nylon 66 and nano titanium dioxide are required to be dried, then the silane coupling agent is uniformly dispersed in ethanol to prepare a silane coupling agent solution, the glass fiber and the nano titanium dioxide are added into the silane coupling agent solution, the mixture is uniformly stirred, then the glass fiber and the nano titanium dioxide are added into a high-speed mixer together with the nylon 66 to be mixed, a double-screw extruder is selected for extrusion, finally, a filament is extruded through a spinneret plate, and the extruded filament is cooled by a cooling water tank and solidified to obtain the elastomer. Preferably, in S2, further comprising grafting the thermoplastic particles onto the elastomeric molecular chains using a grafting agent, wherein the grafting agent is maleic anhydride grafting. Preferably, the cross section of the elastomer is elliptical. Preferably, the preparation method of the silver ion antibacterial fiber monofilament comprises the following steps: Firstly, polyamide is selected as a fiber raw material, then the fiber raw material, silver ion antibacterial agent and polytetrafluoroethylene micropowder are put into a high-speed mixer according to the mass ratio of 5:1.5:1.5 to be mixed uniformly, then the mixed raw material is added into a single-screw or double-screw extruder, the materials are melted in the extruder and extruded through a spinnere