Search

CN-122013439-A - Multifunctional composite nanofiber membrane and preparation method thereof

CN122013439ACN 122013439 ACN122013439 ACN 122013439ACN-122013439-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of nanofiber membranes, in particular to a multifunctional composite nanofiber membrane and a preparation method of the nanofiber membrane. The method comprises the steps of carrying out electrostatic spinning on polylactic acid shell spinning solution, wherein n-eighteen is alkane core spinning solution, spraying MXene solution on the polylactic acid shell spinning solution, and spraying a layer of homogeneous spinning solution for protecting MXene on the polylactic acid shell spinning solution through electrostatic spinning to obtain a three-layer nanofiber membrane, namely the multifunctional composite nanofiber membrane. The fiber film has good geothermal regulation performance, electromagnetic shielding performance, water resistance and mechanical performance.

Inventors

  • ZHANG MING
  • TANG JIAJUN
  • LI SHANSHAN

Assignees

  • 浙江理工大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20251219

Claims (8)

  1. 1. A preparation method of a multifunctional composite nanofiber membrane is characterized by comprising the following steps: Preparing a shell spinning solution with 15-17wt% by adopting PLA, and simultaneously melting n-octadecane to prepare a core spinning solution; step (2), adjusting the environmental temperature to 35-40 ℃, and adopting electrostatic spinning to obtain a coaxial nanofiber membrane of PLA-coated n-octadecane from the shell layer spinning solution and the core layer spinning solution; Preparing hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 9-11mol/L, adding 40-42 ml of the hydrochloric acid solution into a beaker containing 2-3gLiF, slowly adding 2-3g of Ti 3 AlC 2 under continuous stirring, fully mixing, standing in a 35 ℃ constant-temperature water bath for reaction for 24 hours, centrifugally collecting precipitate after the reaction is finished, washing the precipitate with deionized water, and ensuring that the pH value of a washed system is stabilized to 6-7; Dispersing the centrifugal precipitate into water by ultrasonic to obtain suspension, maintaining the system temperature at about 10-11 ℃, continuously stirring, transferring the stirred suspension into a centrifuge tube, centrifuging, collecting supernatant, carrying out circulating water cooling ultrasonic treatment to obtain MXene mixed solution, sealing and standing in a vacuum oven to enable the mixed solution to be layered up and down to obtain upper-layer black MXene solution, then placing the upper-layer black MXene solution in a refrigerator for storage at 14 ℃, measuring 20-60mg of upper-layer black MXene mixed solution, dispersing by adopting 5-8ml of ethanol, spraying, and storing the obtained product at 14 ℃ on the coaxial nanofiber membrane obtained in the step (2); And (5) respectively adding fluorinated modified silicon dioxide into the mixed solvent of N, N-dimethylformamide and tetrahydrofuran, performing ultrasonic dispersion, then adding a polymer mixed system consisting of 15-17 wt% of PLA and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), stirring to obtain a homogeneous spinning solution, and performing electrostatic spinning on the product prepared in the step (4) by adopting the homogeneous spinning solution to obtain a three-layer nanofiber membrane, namely the multifunctional composite nanofiber membrane.
  2. 2. The preparation method of the multifunctional composite nanofiber membrane according to claim 1, wherein the spinning solution of the shell layer in the step (1) is prepared by mixing N, N-dimethylformamide and tetrahydrofuran according to a mass ratio of 1:1.
  3. 3. The method for preparing the multifunctional composite nanofiber membrane according to claim 1, wherein the method for preparing the fluorinated modified silica is as follows: mixing tetramethylsilane and (heptadecafluoro-1, 2-tetrahydrodecyl) trimethoxysilane according to a molar ratio of 3.6:1, adding the mixture into water for ultrasonic treatment, adding the solution into a mixed solution with a volume ratio of ethanol to ammonium hydroxide of 2.5:1, and standing for 30min; stirring the solution at 30deg.C with a glass rod, centrifuging the suspension, discarding supernatant, collecting precipitate, and drying in an oven to obtain fluorinated modified silica particles.
  4. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the ratio of the sample injection speed of the shell layer spinning solution to the sample injection speed of the core layer spinning solution in the step (2) is 1:2.5-1:10.
  5. 5. The method for preparing a multifunctional composite nanofiber membrane according to claim 1, wherein the addition amount of the fluorinated modified silica in the mixed solvent in the step (5) is 1-5%.
  6. 6. The method for preparing a multifunctional composite nanofiber membrane according to claim 1, wherein the spraying amount of the sprayed MXene is 0.952-2.857mg/cm 2 .
  7. 7. The preparation method of the multifunctional composite nanofiber membrane according to claim 1, wherein the receiving distance of electrostatic spinning is 18-22cm, and the positive voltage is 18-22KV.
  8. 8. A multifunctional composite nanofiber membrane, which is characterized by being prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-7.

Description

Multifunctional composite nanofiber membrane and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of nanofiber membranes, in particular to a multifunctional composite nanofiber membrane and a preparation method of the nanofiber membrane. Background In order to maintain a constant body temperature in such a changing environment, there is an increasing demand for a fabric having a heat regulating function, and therefore, it is necessary to develop such a fabric having a heat regulating function. Meanwhile, with the rapid development of electronic technology and the popularization of electronic products, although the life of human beings has been greatly facilitated, there have been a great deal of electromagnetic radiation pollution which causes many health problems to human beings and causes interference to electronic devices. Due to urgent demands for health protection, people put new demands on the performance of related products, and the market is continuously improving the call for products with electromagnetic shielding function. However, most of the fabrics with heat regulating function currently on the market do not have the corresponding electronic interference shielding performance. The dual requirements of heat regulation and electromagnetic interference are very necessary in life. In face of the dual requirements of thermal comfort and electromagnetic protection in real life, development of a nanofiber material with intelligent thermal regulation and electromagnetic interference shielding functions has become a key topic to be solved in the current urgent need. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a multifunctional composite nanofiber membrane and a method for preparing the multifunctional composite nanofiber membrane through electrostatic spinning. The multifunctional composite nanofiber membrane prepared by the preparation method has good geothermal regulation, electromagnetic shielding, water resistance and good mechanical properties. Thereby meeting the current market needs. The method fundamentally solves the problem that the polymer cannot directly encapsulate the phase change material, so that the fiber membrane with the core-shell structure is prepared by the method, has good stability, and realizes encapsulation of the phase change material. Specifically, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: The preparation method of the multifunctional composite nanofiber membrane specifically comprises the following steps: Preparing a shell spinning solution with 15-17wt% by adopting polylactic acid PLA, and simultaneously melting n-octadecane to prepare a core spinning solution; step (2), adjusting the environmental temperature to 35-40 ℃, and adopting electrostatic spinning to obtain a coaxial nanofiber membrane of PLA-coated n-octadecane from the shell layer spinning solution and the core layer spinning solution; Preparing hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 9-11mol/L, adding 40-42ml of hydrochloric acid solution into a beaker containing 2-3gLiF, slowly adding 2-3g of Ti 3AlC2 under continuous stirring, fully mixing, standing in a constant-temperature water bath for reaction, centrifuging after the reaction is finished, collecting precipitate, washing the precipitate with deionized water, and ensuring the pH value of a washed system to be 6-7; The centrifugal sediment is dispersed into water by ultrasonic to obtain suspension, the temperature of the system is maintained to be about 10-11 ℃, stirring is continued, the stirred suspension is transferred to a centrifuge tube, centrifugation is carried out, supernatant fluid is collected, after ultrasonic treatment by circulating water cooling, MXene mixed solution is obtained, the supernatant fluid is sealed and placed in a vacuum oven for standing, the mixed solution is layered up and down to obtain upper layer black MXene solution, the upper layer black MXene solution is placed in a refrigerator for storage at 14 ℃, then 20-60mg of upper layer black MXene mixed solution is measured, 5-8ml of ethanol is adopted for dispersion, spraying is carried out, the obtained product is stored at 14 ℃, and the flow of not deposited MXene can be reduced at low temperature, so that MXene is combined with a nanofiber membrane more quickly and completely; And (5) respectively adding fluorinated modified silicon dioxide into the mixed solvent of N, N-dimethylformamide and tetrahydrofuran, performing ultrasonic dispersion, then adding a polymer mixed system consisting of 15-17wt% of PLA and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), stirring to obtain a homogeneous spinning solution, and performing electrostatic spinning on the product prepared in the step (4) by adopting the homogeneous spinning solution to obtain a three-layer nanofiber membrane, namely the multifunctional composite nanofiber membrane. Phase Change Materials (PCMs) are often used in the intelligent thermal regulation field be