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CN-122013514-A - Durable flame-retardant cellulose fiber, yarn and fabric product thereof

CN122013514ACN 122013514 ACN122013514 ACN 122013514ACN-122013514-A

Abstract

The invention relates to a durable flame-retardant cellulose fiber, a yarn and a fabric product thereof, and belongs to the technical field of functional textile materials, wherein the dry breaking strength of the fiber is more than or equal to 2.5 cN/dtex, the dry breaking elongation is 12-18%, the limiting oxygen index is more than or equal to 30% after 100 times of washing, the thermal stability is less than or equal to 5% at 180 ℃ and the moisture regain is 10-13%, and the preparation method comprises the steps of firstly synthesizing a phosphorus-nitrogen composite flame retardant with specific molar ratio by taking dipentaerythritol, phosphoric acid and urea as raw materials, then preparing the flame retardant powder into finishing liquid, adding a dicyandiamide catalyst and a urea accelerator, and carrying out padding, baking and finishing on the cellulose fiber. The invention breaks through the technical barriers that the high-durability flame retardance and the high-quality fiber performance are difficult to be combined, the obtained product still maintains high flame retardance grade after being washed extremely, and simultaneously has excellent mechanical property, comfort and processing thermal stability, and is suitable for the fields of high-end protective clothing and textiles for special industries.

Inventors

  • QU JUNRONG
  • YOU XIULAN
  • CHEN LU
  • ZHU TONGTONG

Assignees

  • 江苏盐城兰邦特种纺织集团有限责任公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260309

Claims (5)

  1. 1. A preparation method of durable flame-retardant cellulose fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps of a, synthesizing a phosphorus-nitrogen efficient composite flame retardant, mixing Di-PE and phosphoric acid aqueous solution, heating to 100-140 ℃, reacting 1-3h, adding urea, heating to 100-170 ℃, continuously stirring and reacting for 2-3 hours, filtering out precipitate in a molar ratio of Di-PE, phosphoric acid and urea being 1:4:8, repeatedly washing the precipitate by using absolute ethyl alcohol to remove impurities, then putting the precipitate into an oven for drying at a low temperature of 50-80 ℃ for 1-3 hours, and crushing the precipitate to obtain phosphorus-nitrogen composite flame retardant powder with a particle size of 300-1000 meshes; b. Preparing durable flame-retardant cellulose fiber, preparing phosphorus-nitrogen efficient composite flame retardant powder into flame retardant finishing liquid by using distilled water, wherein the flame retardant accounts for 20-65%, then adding dicyandiamide serving as a catalyst and urea serving as an accelerator into the prepared solution, heating and dissolving in a water bath, wherein the weight of dicyandiamide is 1-15% of the effective weight of the flame retardant, the weight of urea is 1-15% of the effective weight of the flame retardant, immersing the cellulose fiber in the flame retardant finishing liquid for 1-30min, removing redundant flame retardant liquid by using a padder, drying the cellulose fiber by padding to obtain a cellulose fiber band liquor with the rate of 50-150%, and finally baking the cellulose fiber band liquor at 120-200 ℃ for 1-15min to obtain the durable flame-retardant cellulose fiber.
  2. 2. A durable flame-retardant cellulose fiber is characterized in that the fiber is prepared by the method of claim 1, the breaking strength of the fiber is more than or equal to 2.5cN/dtex, the dry breaking elongation is 12-18%, the length is 30-60mm, the limiting oxygen index is more than or equal to 30% after 100 times of washing, the thermal stability at 180 ℃ is less than or equal to 5%, the moisture regain is 10-13%, and the oil content is 0.2-0.5%.
  3. 3. A durable flame-retardant yarn, which is characterized in that the durable flame-retardant yarn is prepared by blending the durable flame-retardant cellulose fiber of claim 1 with at least one other fiber, and the mass content of the durable flame-retardant cellulose fiber in the yarn is more than or equal to 10%.
  4. 4. A durable flame retardant yarn according to claim 3 wherein said other fibers are selected from one or more of meta-aramid, para-aramid, modified acrylic, polyimide, PBO, PBI, viscose, cotton, lyocell.
  5. 5. A durable flame retardant yarn according to claim 3 or 4, which is spun by ring spinning, vortex spinning, air spinning or compact siro spinning processes.

Description

Durable flame-retardant cellulose fiber, yarn and fabric product thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of functional textile materials, in particular to a durable flame-retardant cellulose fiber, a yarn and a fabric product thereof. Background Cellulose fibers (such as viscose fibers, lyocell fibers, cotton fibers, etc.) are widely used in the fields of clothing, home textiles and industrial textiles due to their excellent moisture absorption and air permeability, comfort and degradability, however, the cellulose fibers themselves are flammable, the Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) is only about 18%, and serious fire hazards exist, so that it is of great practical significance to endow the cellulose fibers with durable and efficient flame retardant properties. In the prior art, phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardants are mainly adopted for flame retardant finishing of cellulose fibers, and the common method is to apply the flame retardants to fibers or fabrics by padding, coating or blending, etc., however, the methods often face one or more of the following technical problems: The flame retardant durability is insufficient, namely, the flame retardant is easy to fall off after being washed for many times, so that the flame retardant performance is obviously reduced; Fiber mechanical property damage, namely, severe chemical treatment or high-temperature baking damages the molecular structure of cellulose, so that the mechanical properties such as fiber strength, elongation and the like are deteriorated, and spinnability and serviceability are affected; the comfort is reduced, namely, the introduction of the flame retardant can change the moisture regain and the surface characteristics of the fiber, so that the fabric has hardened hand feeling and poor moisture absorption and perspiration capacity; Poor thermal stability, i.e., the fiber or the flame retardant attached to the fiber may be decomposed, yellow or lost in strength during subsequent textile processing (such as dyeing and shaping) or when the fiber is heated during use; The prior art (for example, CN 120192345A) discloses a method for preparing a phosphorus-nitrogen composite flame retardant by using raw materials such as pentaerythritol, phosphoric acid, urea and the like, however, when the method and the obtained product are applied to cellulose fibers, ideal balance among high flame retardant durability, high mechanical property retention rate, good comfort and thermal stability is difficult to achieve, and particularly, the flame retardant cellulose fibers which can simultaneously meet the extreme durability requirement of LOI (lower than or equal to 30 percent) after 100 times of washing and keep high-quality taking fiber indexes such as dry breaking strength (higher than or equal to 2.5 cN/dtex), moisture regain (10-13 percent) and the like are obtained, and the technical problem which can not be well solved in the field for a long time is still solved. Therefore, the development of the cellulose fiber with excellent durable flame retardance, excellent mechanical property, comfortable hand feeling and processing stability has important significance for improving the quality of the high-end flame-retardant textile and widening the application scene of the high-end flame-retardant textile. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a durable flame-retardant cellulose fiber, yarns and fabric products thereof, which can keep high flame retardant grade under the condition of extreme water washing, has high strength, proper elongation, good hygroscopicity and thermal stability, and can be prepared efficiently and stably by selecting specific raw materials and an optimized reaction-finishing process. The scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the durable flame retardant cellulosic fiber, comprising the steps of: a. The synthesis of the phosphorus-nitrogen composite flame retardant comprises the steps of adopting the blending and heating of Di-PE (dipentaerythritol) and phosphoric acid aqueous solution to 100-140 ℃, reacting for 1-3h ℃, then adding urea, raising the temperature to 100-170 ℃, continuously stirring and reacting for 2-3 hours, filtering out precipitate after the reaction is finished, repeatedly washing the precipitate by using absolute ethyl alcohol to remove impurities, then drying for 1-3 hours at 50-80 ℃, and crushing the obtained solid to obtain phosphorus-nitrogen composite flame retardant powder with the particle size of 300-1000 meshes; b. preparing flame-retardant finishing liquid with the solid content of 20-65% by using distilled water to prepare the phosphorus-nitrogen composite flame retardant powder obtained in the step a, adding dicyandiamide serving as a catalyst and urea serving as an accelerator into the finishing liquid, heating and dissolving in a water bath, wherein the addition amount of dicyandiami