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CN-122013517-A - High-strength antibacterial spandex fabric and preparation method thereof

CN122013517ACN 122013517 ACN122013517 ACN 122013517ACN-122013517-A

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-strength antibacterial spandex fabric and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of functional textile materials. The spandex fiber comprises a spandex fiber matrix and a functional polymer layer grafted on the surface of the matrix through a covalent bond, wherein the functional polymer layer is a polymer of unsaturated derivatives of natural phenolic acid, and is prepared by introducing carbon-carbon unsaturated bond groups such as acryloyloxy groups and the like into the natural phenolic acid through esterification or etherification. The preparation method comprises the steps of firstly carrying out plasma pretreatment on spandex fiber, and then carrying out thermal initiation or photoinitiation graft polymerization on the spandex fiber and a monomer containing natural phenolic acid unsaturated derivative to form a functional layer. The invention realizes the lasting and stable antibacterial function through covalent bond grafting, the natural phenolic acid derivative endows the fiber with environment-friendly non-dissolution antibacterial property, the functional layer can improve the fiber modulus and breaking strength, and the intrinsic elasticity of spandex is considered, so that the comfortable fitting characteristic of the composite fabric is reserved, and the high strength and antibacterial function are also endowed.

Inventors

  • LIN GUIBIN
  • CHEN PEIXUAN

Assignees

  • 汕头市晓星纺织有限公司
  • 汕头市中晖纺织有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260129

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A high strength antimicrobial spandex fabric, comprising: A spandex fiber matrix; A functional polymer layer grafted on the surface of the spandex fiber matrix through a covalent bond; The functional polymer layer is a polymer of one or more unsaturated derivatives of natural phenolic acid; wherein the unsaturated derivative of the natural phenolic acid is a compound obtained by introducing a group containing a carbon-carbon unsaturated bond into the natural phenolic acid through an esterification or etherification reaction.
  2. 2. The high strength antimicrobial spandex fabric of claim 1, wherein the natural phenolic acid is selected from one or more of ferulic acid, caffeic acid, gallic acid.
  3. 3. The high strength antimicrobial spandex fabric of claim 1, wherein the carbon-carbon unsaturated bond containing group is acryloxy, methacryloxy, or vinyl.
  4. 4. The high strength antimicrobial spandex fabric of claim 1, wherein the unsaturated derivative of natural phenolic acid is ferulic acid methacrylate, caffeic acid acrylate, or gallic acid dimethacrylate.
  5. 5. The high strength antimicrobial spandex fabric of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the spandex fiber matrix is spandex fiber or a composite fiber of spandex and nylon.
  6. 6. A method of making the high strength antimicrobial spandex fabric of any one of claims 1-5, comprising the steps of: (1) Carrying out plasma treatment on the spandex fiber fabric or the spandex nylon composite fabric; (2) Preparing unsaturated derivative monomers containing natural phenolic acid, and adding an initiator to prepare a treatment fluid; (3) Mixing the spandex fiber matrix treated in the step (1) with the treatment liquid prepared in the step (2) to carry out graft polymerization reaction, so that a functional polymer layer grafted through covalent bonds is formed on the surface of the spandex fiber matrix, and modified fibers are obtained; (4) And (3) preparing the modified fiber prepared in the step (3) into the high-strength antibacterial spandex fabric through a spinning process.
  7. 7. The method for preparing a high-strength antimicrobial spandex fabric according to claim 6, wherein the graft polymerization is thermal or photo-initiated.
  8. 8. The method for preparing a high-strength antibacterial spandex fabric according to claim 6, wherein the initiator is persulfate, azobisisobutyronitrile or phenyl ketone photoinitiator.
  9. 9. The method for producing a high-strength antibacterial spandex fabric according to claim 6, wherein the textile process in the step (4) is at least one selected from knitting, warp knitting and weft knitting.
  10. 10. Use of the high strength antimicrobial spandex fabric of any one of claims 1-5 in the manufacture of apparel.

Description

High-strength antibacterial spandex fabric and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of functional textile materials, and relates to a high-strength antibacterial spandex fabric and a preparation method thereof. Background The spandex fiber is also called polyurethane elastic fiber, is a synthetic fiber with excellent elastic recovery and elongation at break, can endow excellent tensile elasticity and fitting degree for textile fabrics, and becomes an indispensable core raw material in the modern textile industry. Based on the characteristics of spandex, the polyurethane fiber is often compounded with fibers such as nylon and terylene, and the fabric is prepared in the forms of covering yarn, covering yarn or intertexture, so that the polyurethane fiber is widely applied to the fields of underwear, sportswear, medical protection textiles and the like, the requirements of clothing on comfort fit and free movement are met, and the functional boundary of textile products is expanded. Along with the expansion of application scenes, the strength and the antibacterial performance of the spandex fiber and the fabric become key improvement directions. The breaking strength of the pure spandex fiber is lower than 0.4-0.8 cN/dtex, the pure spandex fiber is easy to abrade and break under the long-term stretching and friction effects, and the application of the pure spandex fiber in a high-strength use scene is limited, so that the mechanical properties of the pure spandex fiber are improved in the manners of fiber composite modification, surface coating treatment, crosslinking modification and the like, for example, spandex and high-strength nylon are composited to form core-spun yarns, or bonding force among fibers is enhanced through surface graft polymers, meanwhile, the spandex fabric is mostly applied to close-fitting wearing or medical environments, bacteria and mold are easy to grow, odor and mildew are caused, even health risks are caused, the antibacterial modification technology is promoted to develop rapidly, and the existing means comprise adding inorganic antibacterial agents (such as silver ions and zinc oxide) and organic antibacterial agents (such as quaternary ammonium salt) in fiber preparation, or introducing antibacterial groups into the fiber surface through chemical grafting, so as to realize the antibacterial effect. However, the prior modification technology still has obvious defects that in the aspect of high-strength modification, part of the composite technology can lead to the reduction of elasticity of the fabric, the surface coating is easy to fall off, the fiber brittleness can be increased by crosslinking modification, the strength and the intrinsic elasticity are difficult to be simultaneously considered, in the antibacterial modification, the physically mixed antibacterial agent is easy to run off along with washing, the antibacterial durability is poor, part of the organic antibacterial agent has biotoxicity hidden danger, and the traditional chemical grafting method mainly adopts a stimulating monomer and complex reaction conditions, so that the fiber performance is influenced, and the environmental protection risk exists. And it is difficult to achieve synergistic optimization of both high strength and antibacterial properties. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a high-strength antibacterial spandex fabric and a preparation method thereof, and the high-strength antibacterial spandex fabric can synchronously realize the great improvement and lasting and high-efficiency antibacterial performance of fiber strength through a unique surface chemical grafting technology. The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme: a high strength antimicrobial spandex fabric, comprising: A spandex fiber matrix; A functional polymer layer grafted on the surface of the spandex fiber matrix through a covalent bond; The functional polymer layer is a polymer of one or more unsaturated derivatives of natural phenolic acid; wherein the unsaturated derivative of the natural phenolic acid is a compound obtained by introducing a group containing a carbon-carbon unsaturated bond into the natural phenolic acid through an esterification or etherification reaction. As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the natural phenolic acid is selected from one or more of ferulic acid, caffeic acid and gallic acid. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the group containing a carbon-carbon unsaturated bond is an acryloyloxy group, a methacryloyloxy group or a vinyl group. As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the unsaturated derivative of the natural phenolic acid is ferulic acid methyl acrylate, caffeic acid acrylic ester or gallic acid dimethyl acrylate. As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the spandex fiber matrix is spandex fiber or spandex-nylon composite fiber. Further, the