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CN-122013535-A - Low-odor environment-friendly functional textile fiber and surface modification method thereof

CN122013535ACN 122013535 ACN122013535 ACN 122013535ACN-122013535-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-odor environment-friendly functional textile fiber and a surface modification method thereof. According to the method, polyethylene glycol terephthalate fibers are used as a base material, and are sequentially subjected to nonionic surfactant washing and alkali treatment, dopamine self-polymerization to form an intermediate layer, initiation group fixation, aqueous phase surface initiation two-stage polymerization to construct a gradient-distributed zwitterionic polymer brush layer, and polydiallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride treatment and salt solution stabilization treatment to obtain the functional fibers with stable surface structures. The modification method is completed under the condition of water phase, has mild process, can effectively reduce the release of peculiar smell substances in the fiber, and endows the fiber with good hydrophilicity, low adsorptivity and washing resistance. The resulting fibers exhibit lower levels of odor release, more stable surface conditions and good environmental compatibility under conditions of use and repeated laundering.

Inventors

  • CHEN RONGFENG
  • CHEN RONGQIANG
  • Xie Bingmu
  • Xie Chenjin

Assignees

  • 浙江锦强针纺科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260204

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The surface modification method of the low-odor environment-friendly functional textile fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, washing a polyethylene terephthalate fiber by a nonionic surfactant and performing alkali treatment; s2, carrying out dopamine self-polymerization reaction on the fiber treated in the step S1 in a weak alkaline buffer system, and forming a polydopamine layer on the surface of the fiber; S3, fixing a surface initiation group on the surface of the fiber through the reaction of the halogenated acyl bromide compound and the polydopamine layer; s4, adopting a water phase surface initiation polymerization mode, and sequentially carrying out two-stage polymerization on the fiber surface to form a gradient-distributed zwitterionic polymer brush layer; S5, placing the fiber treated in the step S4 into an aqueous solution containing polydiallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride for treatment and fixing through heat treatment; s6, drying after short-time treatment by using a salt solution to obtain the low-odor environment-friendly functional textile fiber.
  2. 2. The surface modification method of the low-odor environment-friendly functional textile fiber according to claim 1, wherein the nonionic surfactant in the step S1 is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, the mass concentration is 1-5 g/L, the washing temperature is 40-80 ℃, and the washing time is 5-30 min.
  3. 3. The surface modification method of the low-odor environment-friendly functional textile fiber according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate is adopted for the alkali treatment, the concentration of the sodium carbonate is 0.05-0.3 mol/L, the treatment temperature is 40-80 ℃, and the treatment time is 5-30 min.
  4. 4. The surface modification method of the low-odor environment-friendly functional textile fiber according to claim 1, wherein the self-polymerization of dopamine in the step S2 is performed in a buffer solution with the pH of 8.0-9.5, the concentration of dopamine hydrochloride in the buffer solution is 0.5-5 g/L, the reaction temperature is 15-35 ℃, and the reaction time is 1-8 h.
  5. 5. The surface modification method of the low-odor environment-friendly functional textile fiber according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the halogenated acyl bromide compound is bromoisobutyryl bromide, the reaction solvent is an anhydrous alcohol solvent, and organic base is added into the system as an acid capturing agent, and the reaction temperature comprises a low-temperature stage of 0-10 ℃ and a temperature-rising reaction stage of 20-30 ℃.
  6. 6. The surface modification method of low-odor environment-friendly functional textile fibers according to claim 1, wherein in the first stage of polymerization in the step S4, a polymerization monomer is sulfobetaine methacrylate, the concentration of the sulfobetaine methacrylate is 0.8-1.5 mol/L, and polyethylene glycol methacrylate and glycidyl methacrylate are introduced as comonomers.
  7. 7. The surface modification method of a low odor environment-friendly functional textile fiber according to claim 6, wherein in the first polymerization stage, the amount of polyethylene glycol methacrylate is 0.5 to 3 mol% relative to the molar amount of sulfobetaine methacrylate, and the amount of glycidyl methacrylate is 0.1 to 1.5 mol%.
  8. 8. The surface modification method of the low-odor environment-friendly functional textile fiber according to claim 1, wherein in the second stage polymerization in the step S4, the concentration of the sulfobetaine methacrylate is 0.3-0.8 mol/L, and the amount of the polyethylene glycol methacrylate is 2-8 mol% so as to form a gradient distribution structure of a brush layer group along the fiber surface.
  9. 9. The low-odor environment-friendly functional textile fiber prepared by the modification method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is characterized by comprising a polyethylene terephthalate fiber substrate, wherein the surface of the fiber substrate is sequentially provided with: An alkali-treated activated surface layer; a polydopamine interlayer overlying the surface layer; An initiating group layer anchored to the surface of the polydopamine interlayer; a gradient-distributed zwitterionic polymer brush layer formed by surface initiated polymerization; and a polydiallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride regulating layer covered on the outermost layer.
  10. 10. The low odor environment-friendly functional textile fiber according to claim 9, wherein the gradient distribution zwitterionic polymer brush layer is formed by polymerization of zwitterionic monomers with different concentrations and different copolymerization ratios initiated by the segmented surface, and the brush layer thickness is continuously distributed along the radial direction of the fiber.

Description

Low-odor environment-friendly functional textile fiber and surface modification method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of textile material surface modification, in particular to a low-odor environment-friendly functional textile fiber and a surface modification method thereof. Background Polyethylene terephthalate fibers are widely applied in the fields of clothing and home textiles, are easy to contact sweat, sebum and organic matters in the environment in the using and washing processes and are detained, and problems of odor accumulation, stain residue and the like possibly occur along with the prolonging of the using time, so that the using performance of the fabric is affected. The hydrophilic or anti-fouling properties of the fibres are generally improved in the prior art by means of surface finishing, coating or grafting. However, the bonding strength between a part of the finishing layer and the fiber matrix is limited, and performance decay is easy to occur under the repeated washing or friction conditions, so that the low-odor or easy-cleaning effect is unstable. In addition, some modification methods have more severe process conditions or more complex structural control, and in practical application, the treatment stability and repeatability are difficult to be considered. In addition, part of the surface modified structure is easy to generate interface change after washing for many times, so that the hydrophilia and the low adsorption performance fluctuate along with the service process, thereby influencing the long-term use effect. Therefore, on the premise of ensuring that the basic performance of the fiber is not affected, the stable maintenance of the modification effect in the washing process is realized, and still further optimization space is reserved. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide a low-odor environment-friendly functional textile fiber and a surface modification method thereof. In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a surface modification method of a low-odor environment-friendly functional textile fiber, comprising the steps of: s1, washing a polyethylene terephthalate fiber by a nonionic surfactant and performing alkali treatment; s2, carrying out dopamine self-polymerization reaction on the fiber treated in the step S1 in a weak alkaline buffer system, and forming a polydopamine layer on the surface of the fiber; S3, fixing a surface initiation group on the surface of the fiber through the reaction of the halogenated acyl bromide compound and the polydopamine layer; s4, adopting a water phase surface initiation polymerization mode, and sequentially carrying out two-stage polymerization on the fiber surface to form a gradient-distributed zwitterionic polymer brush layer; S5, placing the fiber treated in the step S4 into an aqueous solution containing polydiallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride for treatment and fixing through heat treatment; s6, drying after short-time treatment by using a salt solution to obtain the low-odor environment-friendly functional textile fiber. Further, in the step S1, the nonionic surfactant is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, the mass concentration of the nonionic surfactant is 1-5 g/L, the washing temperature is 40-80 ℃, and the washing time is 5-30 min. Further, in the step S1, the alkali treatment adopts a sodium carbonate aqueous solution, the concentration of sodium carbonate is 0.05-0.3 mol/L, the treatment temperature is 40-80 ℃, and the treatment time is 5-30 min. Further, in the step S2, the self-polymerization reaction of the dopamine is performed in a buffer solution with the pH of 8.0-9.5, the concentration of dopamine hydrochloride in the buffer solution is 0.5-5 g/L, the reaction temperature is 15-35 ℃, and the reaction time is 1-8 hours. Further, in the step S3, the halogenated acyl bromide compound is bromoisobutyryl bromide, the reaction solvent is an anhydrous alcohol solvent, and organic base is added into the system to serve as an acid capturing agent, wherein the reaction temperature comprises a low-temperature stage of 0-10 ℃ and a temperature-rising reaction stage of 20-30 ℃. Further, in the first stage of polymerization in the step S4, the polymerization monomer is sulfobetaine methacrylate, the concentration of the sulfobetaine methacrylate is 0.8-1.5 mol/L, and polyethylene glycol methacrylate and glycidyl methacrylate are introduced as comonomers. Further, in the first polymerization stage, the amount of polyethylene glycol methacrylate is 0.5 to 3 mol% based on the molar amount of the sulfobetaine methacrylate, and the amount of glycidyl methacrylate is 0.1 to 1.5 mol%. Further, in the second polymerization stage in the step S4, the concentration of the sulfobetaine methacrylate is 0.3-0.8 mol/L, and the dosage of the polyethylene glycol methacrylate is 2-8 mol%, so as to form a g