CN-122013536-A - Anti-icing wave-transparent integrated glass fiber composite material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-icing wave-transparent integrated glass fiber composite material and a preparation method thereof, wherein anti-icing resin and nano particles are added into a solvent and uniformly mixed to obtain an anti-icing resin mixed solution containing functional filler; and under the air environment, carrying out laser treatment on the surface of the cured composite material, and generating a micro-nano scale hydrophobic structure on the surface of the cured composite material to obtain the anti-icing wave-transparent integrated glass fiber composite material. According to the invention, the nano particles with the hydrophobic effect are introduced into the anti-icing resin, and the micro-nano scale hydrophobic structure is generated on the surface of the composite material by the laser processing technology on the premise of not affecting the wave-transmitting performance, so that the anti-icing wave-transmitting integrated glass fiber composite material has higher wave-transmitting rate and maintains stable anti-icing performance in a low-temperature environment.

Inventors

• YANG DEYU
• HAO YIWEI
• ZHOU JIAPENG
• HAN XIAO
• ZHANG HENGYUE
• HOU XIANGHUI

Assignees

• 西北工业大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20260318

Claims (10)

1. 1. The preparation method of the anti-icing wave-transparent integrated glass fiber composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps of: Adding the anti-icing resin and the nano particles into a solvent, and uniformly mixing to obtain an anti-icing resin mixed solution containing functional filler; Uniformly dipping the anti-icing resin mixed solution on the surface of the glass fiber cloth by adopting a dipping process, and then curing to obtain a cured composite material; And under the air environment, carrying out laser treatment on the surface of the cured composite material, and generating a micro-nano scale hydrophobic structure on the surface of the cured composite material to obtain the anti-icing wave-transparent integrated glass fiber composite material.
2. 2. The method for preparing the anti-icing and wave-transparent integrated glass fiber composite material according to claim 1, wherein the anti-icing resin is polydimethylsiloxane, organosilicon modified acrylic resin or polyurethane.
3. 3. The method for preparing an anti-icing wave-transparent integrated glass fiber composite according to claim 1, wherein the nano particles are at least one of hydrophobic nano silica, surface-hydrophobized nano alumina, surface-hydrophobized titanium dioxide and surface-hydrophobized carbon nanotubes.
4. 4. The method for preparing an anti-icing wave-transparent integrated glass fiber composite according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the nano particles is 10-100 nm.
5. 5. The method for preparing the anti-icing wave-transparent integrated glass fiber composite material according to claim 1, wherein the solvent is ethanol, ethyl acetate or N, N-dimethylformamide.
6. 6. The method for preparing the anti-icing and wave-transparent integrated glass fiber composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the concentration of the anti-icing resin in the anti-icing resin mixed solution is 10.5 to 11.5 wt percent, and the mass of the nano particles is 0.9 to 1.1 percent of that of the anti-icing resin.
7. 7. The method for preparing the anti-icing wave-transparent integrated glass fiber composite material according to claim 1, wherein the glass fiber cloth is a single-layer plain weave glass fiber layer cloth, a satin weave glass fiber layer cloth or a twill weave glass fiber layer cloth, and the thickness of the glass fiber cloth ranges from 0.05 to 2 mm.
8. 8. The method for preparing the anti-icing wave-transparent integrated glass fiber composite material according to claim 1 or 7, wherein when the surface of the cured composite material is subjected to laser treatment, the laser is carbon dioxide laser, ultraviolet laser or femtosecond laser, wherein the wavelength of the carbon dioxide laser is 10.6 mu m, the wavelength of the ultraviolet laser is 248-355nm, the wavelength of the femtosecond laser is 300-1100nm, the direct writing spot diameter of the laser is 5-200 mu m, the laser power is 1.5-3.0W, the scanning speed is 188-200 mm/s, the scanning times are 1 time, and the energy density range is 5-25J/cm 2 .
9. 9. An anti-icing wave-transparent integrated glass fiber composite material, which is characterized by being prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-8.
10. 10. The use of an anti-icing wave-transparent integrated glass fiber composite according to claim 9, wherein the anti-icing wave-transparent integrated glass fiber composite is used for preparing radomes or radome covers.

Description

Anti-icing wave-transparent integrated glass fiber composite material and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of functional composite materials, and particularly relates to an anti-icing wave-transparent integrated glass fiber composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background In the fields of radars and antennas, radomes and radome outer surfaces are often in a complex working environment with high humidity and low temperature, and ice accumulation easily occurs. The ice layer not only can increase structural load and interfere transmission and reception of electromagnetic wave signals, but also can cause local damage of the structure and even safety accidents. Therefore, the material with the wave-transmitting and anti-icing functions is a key for guaranteeing the stable and efficient operation of radar equipment. However, it is difficult for the existing materials to satisfy both anti-icing and wave-transparent requirements. For example, although active electrothermal deicing methods have high deicing efficiency, the introduction of a conductive medium can increase the reflection of waves and reduce the wave transmissivity of the material. The passive anti-icing coating is easy to damage and lose efficacy under the erosion actions of high-speed air flow scouring, raindrop impact and icing and deicing circulation due to insufficient mechanical durability, and is difficult to meet actual service requirements. Therefore, developing materials with wave-transparent and anti-icing functions has important significance in improving the adaptability and reliability of radars and antennas in severe environments. The glass fiber fabric has the advantages of high strength (tensile strength is more than 3 GPa), corrosion resistance, good dielectric transparency and the like, and has excellent application potential in application scenes of simultaneously meeting structural load bearing, wave transmission and environmental tolerance. Chinese patent application publication No. CN115877324a proposes a glass fiber material with low dielectric loss for preparing radar housing. The technology focuses on improving the radar signal transmission quality and reducing clutter reflection, but does not consider the icing behavior of the material in low-temperature and high-humidity environments, and does not consider the problems of signal attenuation, interface damage or service reliability caused by an ice layer. Therefore, although the structure has good wave-transmitting characteristics, the structure is insufficient to meet the anti-icing requirement of the radome in a cold environment. The Chinese patent application with publication number CN118832944A discloses an anti-icing heat storage film suitable for wind power blades and a preparation method thereof, wherein hollow glass fiber cloth is adopted as an intermediate support layer, polyurethane modified epoxy resin bonding paint and heat storage protective film are adopted, and phase change heat storage materials are utilized to realize temperature regulation and anti-icing functions on the surfaces of the blades. However, the multi-layer composite structure of the heat storage film can obviously influence the transmission performance of electromagnetic waves, and is not suitable for application scenes such as radomes or communication radomes with strict requirements on the transmission performance. The Chinese patent application of publication No. CN120082082A proposes a super-hydrophobic self-repairing anti-icing film for deicing fan blades, and the anti-icing function is realized by constructing a multilayer structure of a shape memory polymer and a modified nano SiO 2 super-hydrophobic layer on the surface of glass fiber reinforced resin. However, this technique involves multi-step precision processes such as microcapsule synthesis, electrodeposition, etc., and is costly to manufacture, while its long-term service stability still requires further verification. Through analysis of the existing preparation process, the defects that (1) the existing scheme is often focused on optimization of a single function, and good anti-icing capacity is difficult to realize while low dielectric loss is maintained, and (2) the preparation cost of the multilayer coating or complex interface preparation process is high, so that the application in the actual service environment cannot be met can be induced. Disclosure of Invention In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an anti-icing and wave-transmitting integrated glass fiber composite material and a preparation method thereof, and nano particles with a hydrophobic effect are introduced into anti-icing resin, so that a micro-nano scale hydrophobic structure is generated on the surface of the composite material by a laser processing technology on the premise of not influencing wave-transmitting performance, and the anti-icing and wa