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CN-122013540-A - Preparation method of oil-resistant low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC (polyvinyl chloride) artificial leather

CN122013540ACN 122013540 ACN122013540 ACN 122013540ACN-122013540-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of oil-resistant low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC (polyvinyl chloride) artificial leather, and belongs to the technical field of artificial leather. The invention firstly prepares a foaming layer and a surface layer, wherein the foaming layer and the surface layer are prepared from polyvinyl chloride, a plasticizer, a chlorinated rubber component and a pigment component, the components are mixed and stirred, mixed and mixed into colloid, the colloid is pressed into a film by a four-roller calender, the foaming layer and the surface layer are sequentially attached to a base cloth to obtain a PVC artificial leather calendering semi-finished product, a polyurethane surface layer is coated on the PVC artificial leather calendering semi-finished product by a gravure printing roller, the polyurethane surface layer is heated and solidified into a film by an oven to obtain the PVC artificial leather surface semi-finished product, and the PVC artificial leather surface semi-finished product is foamed and embossed to obtain the oil-resistant low-temperature-resistant calendering PVC artificial leather. The invention has simple process flow, and the product has excellent performance in various easy-cracking environments such as oil bath, low temperature of-20 ℃ and the like, so that the client has wider scene trial performance.

Inventors

  • LI BOTAO
  • LV XINFU
  • ZHAO DONGYI
  • SHEN ZHENSHI

Assignees

  • 森欧汽车内饰材料(江苏)有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260305

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The preparation method of the oil-resistant low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC artificial leather is characterized by comprising the following steps of: 1) Preparing a foaming layer and a surface layer, wherein the foaming layer and the surface layer are prepared from polyvinyl chloride, a plasticizer, a chlorinated rubber component and a pigment component, mixing and stirring the components, banburying the components into colloid, pressing the colloid into a film by a four-roll calender, and sequentially attaching the foaming layer and the surface layer to a base cloth to obtain a PVC artificial leather calendaring semi-finished product; 2) Coating a polyurethane surface layer on the PVC artificial leather calendaring semi-finished product obtained in the step 1) through a gravure printing roller, and heating and curing the polyurethane surface layer in an oven to form a film to obtain the PVC artificial leather surface semi-finished product; 3) Foaming and embossing the semi-finished product at the surface of the PVC artificial leather obtained in the step 2) to obtain the oil-resistant low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC artificial leather.
  2. 2. The preparation method of the oil-resistant low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC artificial leather is characterized in that in the step 1), the components of each structural layer of the PVC artificial leather are 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride, 90 parts by weight of plasticizer, 10-20 parts by weight of chlorinated rubber and 5 parts by weight of pigment.
  3. 3. The method for producing an oil-resistant and low temperature-resistant calendered PVC synthetic leather according to claim 2, wherein the plasticizer is one selected from the group consisting of modified rubber and diphenyl phthalate.
  4. 4. The method for preparing the oil-resistant low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC artificial leather according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the temperature of mixing and stirring is 90-100 ℃, and the dispersing time is 5min.
  5. 5. The method for preparing the oil-resistant low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC artificial leather according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the temperature of an internal mixer is controlled to be 130-150 ℃, the mixing time of a foaming layer is 7.5min, and the mixing time of a surface layer is 12min.
  6. 6. The method for preparing the oil-resistant and low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC artificial leather according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the temperature of each roller of the four-roller calender corresponding to the foaming layer is set to be 165-175 ℃ for a front wheel, 160-170 ℃ for an upper wheel, 155-165 ℃ for a middle wheel and 150-160 ℃ for a lower wheel.
  7. 7. The method for preparing the oil-resistant and low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC artificial leather according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the step 1), the temperature of each roller of the four-roller calender corresponding to the surface layer is set to be 180-190 ℃ for the front wheel, 180-190 ℃ for the upper wheel, 165-175 ℃ for the middle wheel and 160-170 ℃ for the lower wheel.
  8. 8. The method for preparing the oil-resistant low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC artificial leather according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the drying temperature of an oven is 100-125 ℃ and the drying time is 1.5min.
  9. 9. The method for preparing the oil-resistant low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC artificial leather according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the foaming temperature is 190-200 ℃, and the foaming time is 2.5min.
  10. 10. The method for preparing the oil-resistant and low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC artificial leather according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the embossing temperature is 150-160 ℃, and the embossing time is 1-2s.

Description

Preparation method of oil-resistant low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC (polyvinyl chloride) artificial leather Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of artificial leather, and particularly relates to a preparation method of oil-resistant low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC artificial leather. Background PVC (polyvinyl chloride) calendered artificial leather has been widely applied to various fields such as automotive interior trim, furniture cladding, luggage manufacturing, industrial protective articles and the like by virtue of the advantages of low cost, convenient processing and forming and high appearance simulation degree, and becomes one of indispensable synthetic materials in modern industrial production and daily life. Along with the continuous expansion of application scenes, the PVC calendered artificial leather has increasingly applied to low-temperature environments (such as outdoor products in cold regions and inner decorations of cold chain transportation equipment) and grease contact environments (such as parts in direct contact with human skin), and the market has more stringent requirements on the oil resistance and the low-temperature resistance of the PVC calendered artificial leather. However, the traditional PVC calendered artificial leather is limited by the structural characteristics of a high polymer material and the limitations of a preparation process, and generally faces industrial technical problems in the actual use process, namely the molecular chain activity of the material is reduced and the flexibility is remarkably deteriorated in a low-temperature environment below-20 ℃, and the material is extremely easy to crack and brittle fracture after repeated folding, and meanwhile, when the product is contacted with oily media such as oleic acid/babassu oil/jojoba oil/squalene, the oleic acid/babassu oil/jojoba oil/squalene can extract plasticizers in the material, so that the material is hard, and the material is easy to crack and damage when being folded or stressed later. The problems directly affect the service life and the use safety of the product, bring a plurality of inconveniences to the assembly construction and the practical application of downstream users, cause a large number of user complaints and severely restrict the application expansion of PVC calendared artificial leather in high-end and special scenes. In order to solve the cracking problem, various improvements have been tried in the industry, wherein two types of improvements are widely applied, namely, one type of improvement is that a cold-resistant plasticizer is added into a PVC formula system, and the low-temperature flexibility is improved by reducing the glass transition temperature of the material. However, practice shows that the addition amount of the cold-resistant plasticizer has obvious upper limit, excessive addition can lead to the reduction of the mechanical strength and the surface tackiness of the material, and the plasticizer is easy to separate out from the inside of the material under the condition of long-term use or extreme temperature change to cause the attenuation of the product performance, and secondly, the compactness of the material is improved by reducing the foaming multiplying power of the foaming layer of the artificial leather so as to enhance the structural stability. However, the method can lead to stiff hand feeling and insufficient softness of the product, seriously deviates from the core requirement of users on imitation leather, and simultaneously, the densification structure increases the consumption of raw materials, remarkably improves the production cost and reduces the market competitiveness of the product. Both the two improvement schemes can not fundamentally solve the problems of oil resistance and low temperature cracking resistance of the traditional PVC calendered artificial leather, and have the inherent defects of sacrifice of performance, limited application, rising of cost and the like. Therefore, there is a need to develop a technology for preparing PVC calendered artificial leather which does not need to rely on special equipment, does not change the original hand feeling and economy of the product, and can maintain excellent structural integrity and usability under the conditions of easy cracking such as low temperature, oil bath and the like. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an oil-resistant low-temperature-resistant calendared PVC artificial leather preparation method, which has simple process flow and is not easy to crack in oil bath. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the preparation method of the oil-resistant low-temperature-resistant calendered PVC artificial leather comprises the following steps: 1) Preparing a foaming layer and a surface layer, wherein the foaming layer and the surface layer are p