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CN-122013557-A - Preparation of carbon fiber/liquid crystal composite material based on structural color

CN122013557ACN 122013557 ACN122013557 ACN 122013557ACN-122013557-A

Abstract

The invention discloses preparation of a carbon fiber/liquid crystal composite material based on structural colors, and belongs to the technical field of functional composite materials. The composite material is of a carbon fiber-cholesteric liquid crystal-PDMS sandwich structure, is prepared by taking T700-12k carbon fiber as a substrate, 31.2wt% of cholesteric thermochromic liquid crystal as a functional layer and PDMS 184 as an encapsulation layer, and is prepared through carbon fiber pretreatment, liquid crystal knife coating crosslinking and PDMS coating curing. The material has both thermochromic and electrochromic functions, realizes 0.5s rapid active color control by means of the carbon fiber Joule heating effect, eliminates stray light by a black substrate, improves the durability of a PDMS layer, and has excellent mechanical properties. The preparation process is simple and convenient, and the material is easy to scale, can be applied to the fields of temperature display, intelligent textiles and optical camouflage, can be prepared into intelligent color-developing fabrics and temperature visualization devices, and has wide application prospect.

Inventors

  • JIN YANG
  • Ye Youbang
  • ZHANG DIANTANG

Assignees

  • 江南大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260319

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The carbon fiber/liquid crystal composite material based on the structural color is characterized by sequentially comprising a substrate, a functional layer and an encapsulation protective layer from bottom to top, wherein the substrate is carbon fiber, the functional layer is cholesteric thermochromic liquid crystal, and the encapsulation protective layer is polydimethylsiloxane; The carbon fiber is of a T700-12k model, the thickness of the substrate is 0.1-0.15 mm, the thickness of the functional layer is 1-2.5mm, and the thickness of the packaging protective layer is 0.5-1.5 mm.
  2. 2. The carbon fiber/liquid crystal composite according to claim 1, wherein the functional layer has a thickness of 1 to 1.25mm.
  3. 3. The carbon fiber/liquid crystal composite material according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the encapsulation protection layer is 1-1.25mm.
  4. 4. The method for preparing the carbon fiber/liquid crystal composite material based on structural colors according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method for preparing the carbon fiber/liquid crystal composite material comprises the following steps: (1) Uniformly coating cholesteric thermochromic liquid crystal on the surface of the carbon fiber, standing and crosslinking until the liquid crystal layer is completely dried and presents stable natural color, thus obtaining a carbon fiber substrate loaded with the liquid crystal layer; (2) Uniformly mixing a polydimethylsiloxane prepolymer and a curing agent, uniformly stirring and dispersing, standing for defoaming, removing bubbles, uniformly coating the mixture on the surface of a liquid crystal layer of a carbon fiber substrate carrying the liquid crystal layer, and then heating for curing to obtain a carbon fiber/liquid crystal composite material based on structural colors; The carbon fiber is respectively ultrasonically cleaned for 0.5-2 h in an absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone system, and the surface of the carbon fiber is treated by dielectric barrier discharge plasma, wherein the plasma treatment condition is that the carbon fiber is treated for 4-6 times by 1200-1400 v and then treated for 4-6 times by 1500-1400 v in an air atmosphere, and the treatment speed is 10-20 mm/s.
  5. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the liquid crystal is coated at a coating speed of 5 to 15mm/min.
  6. 6. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein the standing crosslinking temperature is 20-30 ℃ and the time is 5-10 h.
  7. 7. The method according to claim 4, wherein the polydimethylsiloxane prepolymer is DYNAMIC PDMS 184 and the curing agent is DYNAMIC SYLGARD 184.
  8. 8. The preparation method of claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of the polydimethylsiloxane prepolymer to the curing agent is 5-15:1.
  9. 9. The method according to claim 4, wherein the heating and curing are performed at a temperature of 50-60 ℃ for a time of 2-5 hours.
  10. 10. The use of a structural color based carbon fiber/liquid crystal composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in the field of temperature display, smart textiles and optical camouflage.

Description

Preparation of carbon fiber/liquid crystal composite material based on structural color Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of functional composite materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a carbon fiber/liquid crystal composite material based on structural colors. Background The color response type material has important application value in the fields of intelligent textiles, temperature display, optical camouflage and the like. The color change is mainly divided into chemical colors and structural colors, wherein the chemical colors are easy to fade and have poor weather resistance, and the structural colors are generated based on interference, refraction and scattering of the microstructure of the material on light, and have the advantages of wide color gamut, high saturation, difficult fading and the like. Cholesteric liquid crystals are used as typical structural color materials, the color change of the cholesteric liquid crystals depends on the change of the molecular helical pitch, the Bragg law is followed, various colors can be presented under different external stimuli, and the cholesteric liquid crystals are one of ideal choices of intelligent color development materials. Meanwhile, the traditional cholesteric liquid crystal material passively responds to the ambient temperature to generate color change, so that the active and rapid color regulation is difficult to realize, and the liquid crystal layer is easy to be corroded by moisture to lose efficacy when being directly exposed, the durability is insufficient, and the expansion of the practical application scene is limited. Carbon fiber is used as a high-performance material, has high mechanical strength, excellent corrosion resistance and thermal stability, and is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, automobiles, energy storage and the like. Along with the development requirement of the multifunctional material, the single mechanical property can not meet the practical application, and the optical response function of the multifunctional material is endowed with an important development direction on the basis of maintaining the mechanical advantage of the multifunctional material. The carbon fiber is black, can effectively absorb redundant transmitted light, can be theoretically used as an ideal substrate of cholesteric liquid crystal, improves the color development effect, has good conductivity, can realize active temperature regulation by the Joule heating effect, and provides possibility for active color control of the cholesteric liquid crystal. However, at present, how to effectively integrate cholesteric liquid crystal and carbon fiber, solve the technical problems of interface combination of the cholesteric liquid crystal and the carbon fiber, protection of a liquid crystal layer, realization of active color control and the like, and a mature solution is not formed yet, so that the research and the development and the application of the multifunctional composite material are limited. Disclosure of Invention Technical problem The color development of the cholesteric liquid crystal is easy to be interfered by the stray light of a common substrate, the effect is poor, most of the cholesteric liquid crystal is in passive temperature response, the active quick color control is difficult to realize, meanwhile, the liquid crystal layer is easy to be corroded by water and has insufficient durability, and in addition, the interface combination of the cholesteric liquid crystal and the carbon fiber has the problem of stability. Technical proposal In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a carbon fiber/liquid crystal composite material based on structural color, a preparation method and application thereof, and a cholesteric liquid crystal/carbon fiber composite system which has clear color development, strong stability, active color control and excellent durability is developed by constructing a carbon fiber-cholesteric liquid crystal-PDMS sandwich structure to realize the collaborative improvement of color development performance (thermochromic and electrochromic), active color control capability and durability. The invention provides a carbon fiber/liquid crystal composite material based on structural colors, which sequentially comprises a substrate, a functional layer and an encapsulation protective layer from bottom to top, wherein the substrate is carbon fiber, the functional layer is cholesteric thermochromic liquid crystal, and the encapsulation protective layer is polydimethylsiloxane. In one embodiment of the invention, the thickness of the substrate is 0.1-0.15 mm, the thickness of the functional layer is 1-2.5mm, and the thickness of the packaging protection layer is 0.5-1.5 mm. Preferably, the functional layer has a thickness of 1-1.5mm, and most preferably, 1-1.25mm. Preferably, the thickness of the packaging protection layer is 1-1.25 mm. In one embodimen