CN-122013713-A - Overflow experiment system and method for earth and rockfill dam

CN122013713ACN 122013713 ACN122013713 ACN 122013713ACN-122013713-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, and discloses an earth-rock dam overflow experiment system and method. The first buffer pool is arranged at the top of the earth-rock dam and is provided with a first wall body and a second wall body opposite to the first wall body, the first wall body is positioned at one side close to the back water slope, the upper end of the first buffer pool is provided with a first water outlet, and the first wall body is lower than the second wall body. The protection unit is located the back water slope, and extends along the back water slope, and the holding pond is located the dam foots. The injection and suction unit comprises an injection and suction mechanism and an injection and suction pipe, the injection and suction mechanism is arranged in the accommodating pool, and the accommodating pool is communicated with the injection and suction pipe through the injection and suction mechanism. The injection pipe extends to the first buffer pool and is provided with an injection opening I. The flow monitoring piece and the control valve are both arranged on the injection pipe, and the flow monitoring piece and the control valve are positioned at one position of the injection opening. The experimental system is used for carrying out the overflow experiment of the earth and rockfill dam, so that the height of the overflow head can be flexibly adjusted and is ensured to be stable all the time.

Inventors

WU SHUAIFENG
HU MINYUN
SUN LIMING
LI JIAN
ZHANG LIYA
DENG GANG
CAI HONG
LUO JUN
XIE DINGSONG
LI MINGZHU
ZHANG ZITAO
LI WEICHAO
XIAO JIANZHANG

Assignees

中国水利水电科学研究院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260325

Claims (10)

1. An earth-rock dam overflow experiment system, comprising: The first buffer pool (1) is provided with at least one, the first buffer pool (1) is positioned at the dam top (1001) of the earth-rock dam (100), the first buffer pool (1) is provided with a first wall body and a second wall body opposite to the first wall body, the first wall body is positioned at one side of the first buffer pool (1) close to the back water slope (1002) of the earth-rock dam (100), and the upper end of the first wall body is concavely provided with a first water outlet so that the height of the first wall body is smaller than that of the second wall body, the difference value of the first wall body and the second wall body is a preset difference value, and the first buffer pool (1) is used for buffering water flow; the protection unit is positioned on the slope surface of the back water slope (1002), extends along the back water slope (1002) and is used for reinforcing the dam body of the earth-rock dam (100); the accommodating pool (2) is arranged on a dam foot (1003) of the earth-rock dam (100), and the accommodating pool (2) is used for collecting or storing water flow; The injection and suction unit (3) comprises an injection and suction mechanism (31) and an injection and suction pipe (32), the injection and suction mechanism (31) is arranged in the accommodating pool (2), an inner cavity of the accommodating pool (2) is communicated with the injection and suction pipe (32) through an injection and suction cavity of the injection and suction mechanism (31), the injection and suction pipe (32) extends to the buffer pool I (1) along a back water slope (1002) of the earth-rock dam (100), and the injection and suction pipe (32) is provided with at least one injection opening (321I); Flow monitoring spare (4) and control valve (5) all are provided with at least one, flow monitoring spare (4) with control valve (5) all set up in on annotating straw (32), and all be located pour into opening (321) one department, control valve (5) are used for opening pour into opening (321) one, so that pour into opening (321) one with buffer tank one (1) intercommunication, flow monitoring spare (4) are used for monitoring pour into the discharge of opening (321) one.
2. The earth-rock dam overflow experiment system according to claim 1, wherein the earth-rock dam overflow experiment system comprises a plurality of buffer tanks (1), wherein the buffer tanks (1) are sequentially arranged along the width direction of the earth-rock dam (100), the earth-rock dam overflow experiment system further comprises a plurality of baffle pieces (11), the baffle pieces (11) are arranged on the slope surface of the back water slope (1002) at intervals along the width direction of the slope surface of the back water slope (1002), the baffle pieces (11) extend to dam feet (1003) of the earth-rock dam (100) along the slope length direction of the back water slope (1002) so that the baffle pieces (11) are surrounded to form a plurality of flushing intervals (12) with a first preset width, the flushing intervals (12) are opposite to the buffer tanks (1), the widths of the intervals (12) are the same as the buffer tanks (1), and the flushing units are arranged in a plurality of protection structures in a plurality of protection units, and the protection structures are arranged in a plurality of one-to-one protection units; The earth and rockfill dam overflow experiment system further comprises a plurality of flow monitoring pieces (4) and a plurality of control valves (5), wherein a plurality of injection openings (321) are formed in the injection pipe (32), the control valves (5) are arranged at the injection openings (321) in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the injection openings (321) can be communicated with the buffer pools (1) in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the flow monitoring pieces (4) are arranged on the injection pipe (32) and correspond to the injection openings (321) in a one-to-one mode.
3. The earth-rock dam overflow experiment system according to claim 2, further comprising a buffer pool two (6), wherein a plurality of first blocking members (11) are further surrounded to form a flushing interval two (13) with at least one second preset width, any one of the protection structures is arranged in the flushing interval two (13), the buffer pool two (6) is adjacent to one of the buffer pools one (1) and is arranged at a dam top (1001) of the earth-rock dam (100), the buffer pool two (6) is opposite to the flushing interval two (13), the width of the buffer pool two (6) is the same as the width of the flushing interval two (13), and a water outlet two is concavely arranged at the upper end of a wall body of the buffer pool two (6) close to one side of a back water slope (1002) of the earth-rock dam (100); The injection pipe (32) is provided with an injection opening (321) II, the control valve (5) and the flow monitoring piece (4) are arranged at the injection opening (321) II, and the control valve (5) at the injection opening (321) II is used for opening the injection opening (321) II so that the injection opening (321) II is communicated with the buffer tank II (6).
4. The earth-rock dam overflow experiment system according to claim 3, further comprising a plurality of rows of monitoring frames, wherein the plurality of rows of monitoring frames are arranged along the slope length direction of the back water slope (1002), each row of monitoring frames comprises a plurality of supporting frames, each flushing interval one (12) and each flushing interval two (13) are correspondingly provided with one supporting frame, each supporting frame is located on one blocking piece (11), each supporting frame is provided with a flow velocity detection piece, and the flow velocity detection pieces are used for detecting the flow velocity of water flow.
5. The earth-rock dam overflow experiment system according to claim 4, further comprising a plurality of flow state detecting members, wherein the plurality of flow state detecting members are disposed on the plurality of support frames in one-to-one correspondence, and the flow state detecting members are used for detecting flow states of water flow.
6. The earth-rock dam overflow experiment system according to claim 5, further comprising a plurality of water depth detection pieces, wherein the water depth detection pieces are attached to each first blocking piece (11), and scale portions are arranged on the water depth detection pieces and are used for detecting water depths in the first flushing section (12) and the second flushing section (13).
7. The earth-rock dam overflow experiment system of claim 6, wherein the flow rate detector comprises a radar flow rate meter, the flow state detector comprises a flow state camera, and the water depth detector comprises a water gauge.
8. Earth-rock dam overflow experiment system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that the injection and suction mechanism (31) comprises a water pump assembly.
9. Earth-rock dam overflow experiment system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that the flow monitoring element (4) comprises a flow meter.
10. An earth-rock dam overflow experiment method, characterized in that the earth-rock dam overflow experiment system as claimed in any one of claims 1-9 is adopted, and the earth-rock dam overflow experiment method comprises the following steps: Constructing a first buffer tank (1) on a dam top (1001) of an earth-rock dam (100) to be tested, and constructing a containing tank (2) on a dam foot (1003) of the earth-rock dam (100), wherein the first wall body of the first buffer tank (1) is arranged on one side of the first buffer tank (1) close to a back water slope (1002) of the earth-rock dam (100), and the second wall body is opposite to the first wall body; the protection units are distributed on a back water slope (1002) of the earth-rock dam (100), the injection and suction mechanism (31) is placed in the accommodating pool (2), and the injection and suction pipes (32) are distributed along the back water slope (1002); Controlling the injection and suction mechanism (31) to suck the water flow in the accommodating tank (2), and injecting the water flow in the accommodating tank (2) into the buffer tank I (1) through the injection pipe (32) and the injection opening (321) I until the water level of the water flow in the buffer tank I (1) is level with the upper end of the first wall body; The control valve (5) is regulated so that the injection and suction mechanism (31) can continuously inject the water flow in the accommodating tank (2) into the buffer tank I (1) at a preset flow rate; And controlling the flow monitoring piece (4) to monitor the water flow of the first injection opening (321) in real time until the water flow injected into the first buffer tank (1) reaches the preset total amount.

Description

Overflow experiment system and method for earth and rockfill dam Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, in particular to an earth-rock dam overflow experiment system and method. Background When the earth-rock dam encounters extreme conditions such as extreme rainfall, flood overflow or abnormal elevation of water level, water flow easily passes over the dam crest and flushes the dam body along the downstream surface to cause overtopping damage, the damage can directly lead to loss of soil body of the dam body, unstable structure and even dam body breaking, and serious threat is formed to life and property safety, ecological environment and infrastructure of downstream residents, so that a protective structure is required to be arranged on the back water slope of the earth-rock dam to prevent overtopping water flow from damaging the earth-rock dam. In order to verify the protection effect of the protection structure, it is often necessary to perform a dam face overflow experiment on the earth and rockfill dam provided with the protection structure. In the prior art, when carrying out earth-rock dam overflow experiments, water in the cistern is generally injected into a reservoir at the upstream of the earth-rock dam by using an injection and suction mechanism, along with continuous injection of water flow, the water quantity in the reservoir is gradually increased, a water level line is gradually increased until the water flow passes through the dam top of the earth-rock dam and flushes the protection structure of the dam face of the earth-rock dam, and after the experimental structure, the protection effect is judged by detecting the final state of the protection structure. In the overflow experiment, the overflow head directly determines the flow velocity of overflow water, when verifying the influence of different overflow head heights on the effect of the protective structure, the overflow head height needs to be changed and the overflow head height is ensured to be stable all the time. However, if the experiment is performed by adopting the mode, the extremely large water supply amount is needed for changing the height of the overflow head, so that on one hand, a great amount of water flow resources are lost, the experiment cost is increased, and on the other hand, the stability of the height of the overflow head cannot be controlled, and the accuracy of the experiment result is affected. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide an earth and rockfill dam overflow experiment system and method, which can flexibly adjust the height of an overflow head, ensure the stability of the overflow head, ensure the accuracy of an experiment result and avoid increasing the experiment cost. In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: in a first aspect, an earth-rock dam overflow experiment system is provided, comprising: The first buffer pool is arranged at least one, the first buffer pool is positioned at the dam top of the earth-rock dam, the first buffer pool is provided with a first wall body and a second wall body opposite to the first wall body, the first wall body is positioned at one side of the first buffer pool, which is close to a back water slope of the earth-rock dam, the upper end of the first wall body is concavely provided with a first water outlet so that the height of the first wall body is smaller than that of the second wall body, the difference value of the first wall body and the second wall body is a preset difference value, and the first buffer pool is used for buffering water flow; the protection unit is positioned on the slope surface of the back water slope, extends along the back water slope and is used for reinforcing the dam body of the earth-rock dam; the accommodating pool is arranged at the dam foot of the earth-rock dam and is used for collecting or storing water flow; The filling and sucking unit comprises a filling and sucking mechanism and a filling and sucking pipe, the filling and sucking mechanism is arranged in the accommodating pool, an inner cavity of the accommodating pool is communicated with the filling and sucking pipe through a filling and sucking cavity of the filling and sucking mechanism, the filling and sucking pipe extends to the buffer pool I along a back water slope of the earth and rockfill dam, and the filling and sucking pipe is provided with at least one filling opening I; The flow monitoring piece and the control valve are both provided with at least one, the flow monitoring piece and the control valve are both arranged on the injection pipe and are both positioned at one injection opening, the control valve is used for opening one injection opening, so that the one injection opening is communicated with the first buffer tank, and the flow monitoring piece is used for monitoring the water flow of the first injection opening. Optionally, the earth-rock