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CN-122013714-A - Intelligent salty-avoiding dredging system and method for estuary reservoirs

CN122013714ACN 122013714 ACN122013714 ACN 122013714ACN-122013714-A

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent salty-avoiding dredging system and method for a estuary reservoir, which comprises a reservoir, a reservoir gate, a dredging gate, a front flushing nozzle array, a diversion trench, a plurality of rotatable silts and a monitoring control unit, wherein the reservoir is surrounded by an external dyke and an internal dyke. The external dam is provided with an overflow weir which is adaptive to the average high tide level, and the monitoring control unit comprises a sonar detector, a water level sensor, a conductivity sensor, a tide level meter and a control module. The method comprises the steps of storing water in the high tide and intercepting salt water through a sill, controlling the sill to rotate in the low tide to realize directional flushing of the sea water, discharging the sediment to the deep sea through a diversion trench and a sediment discharge gallery, slightly opening a reservoir gate to form a pressure salt flow field when the water level of the reservoir falls to a threshold value, adjusting the opening of the gate through the conductivity of a water body to replace the salt water, and closing the flushing gate and then closing the reservoir gate after the replacement is completed to realize salt tide blocking. The invention utilizes tidal energy to save water and energy, improves the dredging efficiency through the directional diversion of the sill, and has intelligent whole-course regulation and control, good salty-avoiding effect and low dredging water consumption.

Inventors

  • HE WEI
  • ZHOU HONG
  • GUO QIANG
  • WU ZHIXIAN
  • XU MINGHUI
  • XU HUI

Assignees

  • 河海大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260225

Claims (9)

  1. 1. The intelligent salty-avoiding dredging system for the estuary reservoir comprises a reservoir (2) which is built on the estuary sea entrance side and formed by surrounding an external dam (4) and an internal dam (3), and is characterized by further comprising a reservoir gate (8) which is arranged on the internal dam (3), a dredging gate (7) which is arranged on the water outlet side of the reservoir (2) and two ends of which are respectively connected with the external dam (4) and the internal dam (3), a front flushing nozzle array (6) which is arranged below the dredging gate (7) and is arranged in a sediment accumulation area, a diversion trench (10) which is arranged on the seabed of the dredging area (11) and is positioned in front of the dredging gate (7), a plurality of rotatable bottom silts (9) which are arranged on the seabed of the dredging area (11) in parallel and are positioned beside the diversion trench (10), and a monitoring control unit which is used for monitoring the tidal level, the sediment accumulation data and controlling the rotation angle of each gate and the bottom silts (9), wherein the top of the external dam (4) is provided with a overflow weir (16), the overflow weir is highly adapted to the sea water level, and the overflow silts are in a high level state, and the corresponding to the water overflow silts are controlled by the corresponding to the water silts, and the bottom silts, and the water flow control flow through the corresponding silts.
  2. 2. The intelligent salty dredging system for estuary reservoirs according to claim 1, wherein one end of the diversion trench (10) far away from the dredging gate (7) is connected with an inlet of a sand discharging gallery (13) through an arc-shaped connecting section (12), and an outlet of the sand discharging gallery (13) reaches deep sea areas.
  3. 3. The intelligent salty dredging system for estuary reservoirs according to claim 1, wherein the outer side of the overflow weir (16) is provided with a dirt separating net (17) for intercepting the sea surface floating sundries entering the reservoir (2).
  4. 4. The intelligent salty dredging system for estuary reservoirs according to claim 1, wherein the sill (9) is connected with a rotating mechanism, the sill (9) is driven to horizontally rotate within a range of 0-90 degrees, and the monitoring control unit controls the rotating mechanism to act so as to adjust the rotating angle of the sill (9).
  5. 5. The intelligent salty dredging system of the estuary reservoir according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring control unit comprises a sonar detector, a water level sensor, a conductivity sensor, a tide level meter and a control module, wherein the sonar detector is arranged on the outer side of the reservoir gate (8) and is used for judging whether sediment accumulation thickness exceeds a preset threshold value, the water level sensor is arranged inside a reservoir (2) and is used for identifying water level change in real time, the conductivity sensor is arranged on the whole area of a flushing area (11) and is used for monitoring water conductivity of the flushing area (11) in real time, the tide level meter is arranged on the outer side of the reservoir gate (8) and is used for identifying real-time tide level of the estuary area, the sonar detector, the water level sensor, the conductivity sensor and the tide level meter are all in signal connection with the control module, and the control module is in control connection with a driving mechanism of the reservoir gate (8), the flushing gate (7) and a bottom bank (9).
  6. 6. The intelligent salty water avoiding dredging system for estuary reservoirs according to claim 5, wherein when the water level sensor detects that the water level of the reservoir (2) is reduced to a preset threshold value, the control module controls the reservoir gate (8) to be opened, and the initial opening degree of the reservoir gate (8) is 5% -10%.
  7. 7. The intelligent salty water avoiding dredging system for estuary reservoirs according to claim 5, wherein the control module increases the opening of the reservoir gate (8) when the conductivity sensor detects that the conductivity of the water body is higher than a preset threshold value, and decreases the opening of the reservoir gate (8) when the conductivity sensor detects that the conductivity of the water body is reduced.
  8. 8. An intelligent salty-avoiding dredging method for a estuary reservoir by using the system of any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, when tide is risen, seawater enters a reservoir (2) through an overflow weir (16), a sewage isolation net (17) intercepts floating sundries on the sea surface until the water level in the reservoir (2) is flush with the open sea, and at the moment, a sill (9) is kept parallel to a coastline to intercept heavy brine invaded from the bottom layer; S2, in the low tide level, the control module controls the sill (9) to rotate to a preset deflection angle according to sediment accumulation data fed back by the sonar detector, simultaneously opens the sediment flushing gate (7), pressurizes and shoots seawater in the reservoir (2) through the front flushing nozzle array (6), guides sediment flushing water flow to directionally flush sediment in the sediment accumulation area (11), and the sediment is collected to the sediment discharge gallery (13) through the diversion trench (10) and the arc-shaped connecting section (12) and is discharged to the deep sea area; s3, when the water level sensor detects that the water level in the reservoir (2) is reduced to a preset low threshold value, the control module controls the reservoir gate (8) to be opened at an initial opening of 5% -10%, the fresh water in the reservoir is utilized to form an outward pressure salty flow field, meanwhile, the opening of the reservoir gate (8) is adjusted based on real-time monitoring data of the conductivity sensor, and heavy brine remained in the flushing area (11) is directionally discharged into the sand discharging gallery (13); S4, when the conductivity sensor monitors that the conductivity of the water body in the silt flushing area (11) steadily drops to a preset safety set value, the control module closes the silt flushing gate (7) firstly and then closes the reservoir gate (8), so that the silt flushing area (11) is covered by fresh water, and salt tide backflow is blocked.
  9. 9. The intelligent salty water avoiding and dredging method for the estuary reservoir according to claim 8, wherein in the step S2, the control module adjusts the deflection angle of the sill (9) in real time according to a sediment distribution cloud picture fed back by a sonar detector, so as to ensure that a dredging water flow covers a dredging area (11).

Description

Intelligent salty-avoiding dredging system and method for estuary reservoirs Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of dredging of hydraulic engineering, in particular to an intelligent salty-avoiding dredging system and method for a estuary reservoir. Background The estuary reservoir is used as an important drinking water source area and a water conservancy junction in coastal areas, is obviously influenced by the change of the tidal power of open sea due to the land-sea intersection area, has extremely easy sediment accumulation problem in a water outlet area, can greatly reduce the flood discharge and water intake capacity of the reservoir after accumulation, and can damage the water flow field in the water outlet area so as to exacerbate the vicious cycle of weakening the tidal power. The traditional hydraulic dredging method mainly comprises the steps of mechanical dredging and hydraulic flushing, wherein mechanical dredging equipment is large in investment and high in operation cost, and water disturbance of a reservoir is large, and the traditional hydraulic flushing is mostly dependent on a high-power water pump to pump fresh water flushing in a reservoir area, so that a large amount of precious fresh water resources are consumed, and the problem of high electric energy consumption is solved. Some technologies attempt to utilize seawater to perform auxiliary flushing to save fresh water, but high-concentration brine is easy to flow back into the reservoir along the bottom layer through different gravity flow due to the density difference of the fresh water, and the prior art lacks accurate means for avoiding salty interception and brine replacement, which is extremely easy to cause the salinization of the reservoir water body and influence the water supply safety. The existing dredging technology has poor water flow guiding performance, the problems of uneven dredging coverage and secondary dredging of silt exist, the opening degree of a gate and the dredging time are regulated and controlled by relying on manual experience, intelligent dynamic regulation cannot be realized according to tidal change, silt accumulation state and salt water residual condition, and the dredging efficiency and the salty avoiding effect are difficult to meet the requirements of the normalized operation management of a estuary reservoir. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide an intelligent salty-avoiding dredging system for a estuary reservoir with good salty-avoiding effect and comprehensive dredging. The invention further aims to provide an intelligent salty-avoiding dredging method for the estuary reservoir, which is used for collaborative operation of salty-avoiding and dredging and accurately regulating and controlling the opening degree of the gate based on real-time water quality monitoring. The intelligent salty-avoiding dredging system for the estuary reservoir comprises a reservoir gate which is built on the estuary sea entrance side and is formed by surrounding an external dam and an internal dam, a dredging gate which is arranged on the water outlet side of the reservoir and is respectively connected with the external dam and the internal dam at two ends, a front flushing nozzle array which is arranged below the dredging gate and is arranged in a sediment accumulation area, a diversion trench which is arranged on the seabed of the sediment accumulation area and is positioned in front of the dredging gate, a plurality of rotatable bottom silts which are arranged in parallel on the seabed of the sediment accumulation area and are positioned beside the diversion trench, and a monitoring control unit which is used for monitoring the tide level, sediment accumulation data and controlling the opening degree of each gate and the rotation angle of the bottom silts, wherein the top of the external dam is provided with an overflow weir, the overflow weir is locally and evenly high tide level, the bottom silts are parallel to a coastline when the water overflows into the reservoir through the external dam in a non-dredging state, and the monitoring control unit is used for controlling the bottom silts to rotate to a corresponding angle according to sediment accumulation data when the sediment accumulation data is in the outside dam is in the dredging state, and the monitoring control unit is used for controlling the bottom silting direction. Further, one end of the diversion trench far away from the silt flushing gate is connected with an inlet of the sand discharging gallery through an arc-shaped connecting section, and an outlet of the sand discharging gallery reaches deep sea areas. Preferably, the outer side of the overflow weir is provided with a dirt separation net for intercepting floating sundries on the sea surface entering the reservoir. Furthermore, the sill is connected with a rotating mechanism, the sill is driven to horizontally rotate within a range of 0-90 degrees, an