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CN-122013836-A - Excavating device for municipal pipeline engineering building

CN122013836ACN 122013836 ACN122013836 ACN 122013836ACN-122013836-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of municipal pipeline construction and non-excavation tunneling equipment, in particular to a mining device for municipal pipeline engineering construction, which comprises a main shell, a main shaft system with a cutting cutter head, a negative pressure suction duct, an ultrasonic transducer array, a high-pressure atomization water spraying component and a follow-up guide impeller, wherein the device extracts the current spectrum characteristic of a main driving motor and the backpressure fluctuation slope of a vacuum pump as interface adhesion and dust agglomeration indexes, and combines a load resistance mapping model to output a control strategy.

Inventors

  • ZHANG XIANGDONG

Assignees

  • 天津市启瑞市政园林工程有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260410

Claims (10)

  1. 1. Excavating device for municipal pipeline engineering building, which is characterized by comprising: the main shell (1), the front end of the main shell (1) is provided with a main shaft (2); the front end of the main shaft (2) is fixedly connected with a cutting cutterhead (3), the tail end of the main shaft is connected with an output shaft (4) of a main driving motor (5), and the main driving motor (5) is fixed on the inner wall of the main shell (1); A negative pressure suction duct (6) is axially arranged in the main shell (1), the front end opening of the negative pressure suction duct is opposite to the back of the cutting cutterhead (3), and the tail end of the negative pressure suction duct is connected with a vacuum pump (25) through a vacuum pump air inlet (7); The back of the cutter disc (3) and the periphery of the opening at the front end of the negative pressure suction duct (6) are both fixed with an ultrasonic transducer array (8), and the transmitting end face of the ultrasonic transducer array faces the cutting face of the cutter disc (3); the back of the cutting cutterhead (3) is also fixedly provided with an annular water spray pipe (9), atomizing nozzles (10) are uniformly distributed towards the cutting surface of the cutting cutterhead (3) and are connected to a high-pressure water pump (11); The novel negative pressure suction duct is characterized in that a follow-up guide impeller (12) is arranged between the main shaft (2) and the negative pressure suction duct (6), the follow-up guide impeller (12) is sleeved on the outer wall of the main shaft (2) in an empty mode, reverse guide curved surface blades (13) are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, the air inlet side faces the back of the cutting cutterhead (3), and the air outlet side is communicated with the front end opening of the negative pressure suction duct (6).
  2. 2. The excavating device for municipal pipeline engineering construction according to claim 1, wherein the main housing (1) is of a cylindrical steel structure, the main shaft (2) is mounted at the front end of the main housing (1) through a first main bearing (14) and a second main bearing (15), and the first main bearing (14) and the second main bearing (15) are tapered roller bearings.
  3. 3. The excavating device for municipal pipeline engineering construction according to claim 1, wherein a high-strength flange (16) is machined at the front end of the main shaft (2), the high-strength flange (16) is fixedly connected with the cutter disc (3) through bolts (17), the tail end of the main shaft (2) is connected with the main driving motor output shaft (4) through a quincuncial elastic coupling (18), and the main driving motor (5) is fixedly installed on a motor support (20) on the inner wall of the main shell (1) through a flange plate (19).
  4. 4. The excavating device for municipal pipeline engineering construction according to claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the negative pressure suction duct (6) is coated with a wear-resistant ceramic coating (21), and the annular water spray pipe (9) is connected to the external high pressure water pump (11) through a rotary joint (22) and a water delivery pipeline (23) mounted inside the main shaft (2).
  5. 5. The excavating device for municipal pipeline engineering construction according to claim 1, wherein the follow-up impeller (12) is sleeved on the outer wall of the main shaft (2) through a pair of angle contact ball bearings (24), and the number of the reverse guide curved surface blades (13) is eight.
  6. 6. The excavating device for municipal pipeline engineering construction according to claim 1, wherein the excavating device further comprises a control system, the control system continuously records a current signal generated by the main driving motor (5) in a rotary cutting process and a back pressure signal generated by the vacuum pump (25) in a suction process, the control system extracts the current spectrum characteristics of the main driving motor (5) and the back pressure fluctuation slope of the vacuum pump (25), the low-frequency harmonic amplitude in the current spectrum is used as an interface adhesion index, and the climbing rate of the back pressure signal with time is used as a dust agglomeration index.
  7. 7. The mining device for municipal pipeline engineering construction according to claim 6, wherein the control system inputs the interfacial adhesion index and the dust agglomeration index into a load resistance mapping model, calculates apparent viscosity and spatial resistance distribution of a medium in front of the cutter disc (3) currently through matrix operation, and maps the medium state into a cutting effectiveness attenuation value of the cutter disc (3).
  8. 8. The mining device for municipal pipeline engineering construction according to claim 7, wherein when the interface adhesion index approaches a preset early warning threshold value, the control system automatically increases the duty ratio of the ultrasonic transducer array (8), forms a microbubble cavitation layer on the metal surface of the cutter disc (3) by using high-frequency micro-vibration, and simultaneously finely adjusts the opening of the bypass valve (26) at the front end of the vacuum pump (25) to reduce the suction vacuum degree.
  9. 9. The mining device for municipal pipeline works construction according to claim 7, wherein when the dust agglomeration index is lower than a set safety threshold, the control system increases the water spray pressure of the high pressure water pump (11) and increases the suction negative pressure of the vacuum pump (25), and simultaneously the ultrasonic transducer array (8) outputs high frequency mechanical fluctuation to change the surface tension of the water droplets sprayed from the atomizing nozzle (10) and instantaneously pulverize the liquid water into dry mist.
  10. 10. The mining device for municipal pipeline engineering construction according to claim 1, wherein when airflow pulsation oscillation is generated by high power output of the negative pressure suction duct (6), a trailing force of negative pressure airflow drives the follow-up guide impeller (12) sleeved on the main shaft (2) to rotate at a high speed, the reverse guide curved surface blades (13) of the follow-up guide impeller (12) convert partial axial airflow into adherent spiral swirl, and the edge pressure of the negative pressure suction duct (6) is stabilized by utilizing centrifugal force effect generated by the swirl, so that local pressure collapse generated by airflow pulsation is weakened.

Description

Excavating device for municipal pipeline engineering building Technical Field The invention relates to the field of municipal pipeline construction and non-excavation tunneling equipment, in particular to an excavating device for municipal pipeline engineering construction. Background In the miniature pipe jacking or non-excavation tunneling construction of municipal pipelines, a front end cutting device generates a large amount of dust and slag when crushing soil and mixed stratum, is limited in a confined underground operation space, dust is not discharged timely, the work environment is easily deteriorated, equipment operation parts are easily worn seriously, in order to carry out dust and slag removal, the existing operation scheme generally adopts a physical structure of combining water spraying and dust falling with independent negative pressure suction, however, in a complicated soil layer, the water supply amount is simply increased, although dust can be restrained, the mud is easily caused to seriously adhere and accumulate on the metal surface of a cutting cutterhead to form mud to prevent cutting, and when the strong suction is carried out by simply relying on high vacuum degree, secondary dust raising is easily caused, and strong airflow pulsation vibration is generated in a suction duct along with the change of dust concentration and slag block size, so that front end flow field deflection and local pressure collapse are induced, and the independent operation of all parts lack of a cooperative traditional structure, so that inherent contradiction exists between dust falling, adhesion prevention and airflow stable support. Therefore, how to solve the contradiction between mud accumulation caused by water addition and air flow pulsation dust emission caused by strong suction in a narrow enclosed space, and realize the synergistic linkage of efficient dust fall, smooth slag discharge and adhesion prevention, becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an excavating device for municipal pipeline engineering construction, and specifically, the technical scheme of the invention comprises the following steps: the front end of the main shell is provided with a main shaft; The front end of the main shaft is fixedly connected with a cutting cutter disc, the tail end of the main shaft is connected with an output shaft of a main driving motor, and the main driving motor is fixed on the inner wall of the main shell; A negative pressure suction duct is axially arranged in the main shell, the front end opening of the negative pressure suction duct is opposite to the back of the cutting cutterhead, and the tail end of the negative pressure suction duct is connected with a vacuum pump through a vacuum pump air inlet; the back of the cutter head and the periphery of the opening at the front end of the negative pressure suction duct are both fixed with ultrasonic transducer arrays, and the transmitting end faces the cutting face of the cutter head; The back of the cutting cutterhead is also fixedly provided with an annular water spray pipe, atomizing nozzles are uniformly distributed towards the cutting surface of the cutting cutterhead and are connected to a high-pressure water pump; The device is characterized in that a follow-up guide impeller is arranged between the main shaft and the negative pressure suction duct, the follow-up guide impeller is sleeved on the outer wall of the main shaft in an empty mode, reverse guide curved surface blades are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the follow-up guide impeller, the air inlet side faces the back of the cutting cutter head, and the air outlet side is communicated with the front end opening of the negative pressure suction duct. According to one embodiment of the invention, the main housing is of a cylindrical steel structure, the main shaft is mounted at the front end of the main housing through a first main bearing and a second main bearing, and the first main bearing and the second main bearing are tapered roller bearings. According to one embodiment of the invention, the front end of the main shaft is provided with a high-strength flange, the high-strength flange is fixedly connected with the cutter head through bolts, the tail end of the main shaft is connected with the output shaft of the main driving motor through a quincuncial elastic coupling, and the main driving motor is fixedly arranged on a motor support of the inner wall of the main shell through a flange plate. According to one embodiment of the invention, the inner wall of the negative pressure suction duct is coated with a wear-resistant ceramic coating, and the annular water spray pipe is connected to the external high-pressure water pump through a rotary joint and a water delivery pipeline which are arranged inside the main shaft. According to one embodiment of the inventio