CN-122014041-A - Variable-rigidity friction sliding anti-swing three-dimensional shock insulation device and shock absorption method thereof

CN122014041ACN 122014041 ACN122014041 ACN 122014041ACN-122014041-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a variable-rigidity friction sliding anti-swing three-dimensional shock insulation device and a shock absorption method thereof, belonging to the technical field of building shock insulation and shock absorption. The invention has the beneficial effects that the friction material is arranged between the limiting plate and the friction plate, and the controllable adjustment of the friction sliding position and the motion state can be realized by adjusting the pretightening force of the bolt, the friction coefficient and the rigidity of the vertical rubber support, so that a multistage self-adaptive rigidity mechanism is formed, and the shock insulation and self-resetting performance of the structure under the action of horizontal and vertical earthquakes is obviously improved. The device has good three-dimensional shock insulation and anti-swing capability, and is simple in structure and convenient to install and maintain. The dynamic response of the upper structure of the device under the action of earthquake can be effectively inhibited, so that the structural safety and the use comfort are ensured.

Inventors

WU SAIFENG
SHEN YANLI
Huang Gezhen
QI SHENGJUN
YANG LEI
DU PENG

Assignees

河北工程大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260203

Claims (7)

1. A variable-rigidity friction sliding anti-swing three-dimensional shock isolation device is characterized by comprising an upper horizontal shock isolation system, a middle vertical shock isolation and reset system and a lower integrated vertical energy dissipation anti-swing system; The horizontal vibration isolation system comprises a top plate (1), a horizontal rubber support (3) and a central mass block (6), wherein the upper end of the horizontal rubber support (3) is connected with the top plate (1) through a bolt, and the lower end of the horizontal rubber support is connected with the central mass block (6) to form a first horizontal vibration isolation layer, and mainly filters horizontal earthquake energy; The vertical shock insulation and reset system comprises a plurality of spring supports (4) and a bottom plate (2); the upper end of the spring support (4) is connected with the central mass block (6), and the lower end of the spring support is connected with the bottom plate (2) to provide initial vertical rigidity, elastic restoring force and main vertical shock insulation function for the structure; The anti-swing system comprises anti-swing units (5) arranged on the left side and the right side of the central mass block (6); The anti-swing unit (5) comprises a limiting plate (7), a friction plate (8), a vertical rubber support (9), a bottom plate side edge (10) and friction materials (12), wherein one side of the limiting plate (7) in the anti-swing unit (5) is connected with the side edge of the central mass block (6), the lower end of the bottom plate side edge (10) is connected with the bottom plate (2), the friction plate (8) is connected with the bottom plate side edge (10) through the vertical rubber support (9), and the friction materials (12) are arranged between the limiting plate (7) and the friction plate (8).
2. The variable-rigidity friction sliding anti-swing three-dimensional shock insulation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the vertical rubber support (9) is connected with the side edge (10) of the bottom plate through bolts (11).
3. The variable-rigidity friction sliding anti-swing three-dimensional shock insulation device according to claim 2 is characterized in that a plurality of horizontal rubber supports (3) can be arranged, are uniformly or alternately arranged along the circumferential direction and jointly form a horizontal shock insulation layer.
4. The variable-stiffness friction sliding anti-swing three-dimensional shock insulation device according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of spring supports (4) are arranged, the plurality of spring supports (4) are uniformly distributed in the vertical shock insulation and reset system at intervals, and initial vertical stiffness and elastic reset force are provided.
5. The variable-rigidity friction sliding anti-swing three-dimensional shock insulation device according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of vertical rubber supports (9) are arranged around the side edge of the central mass block (6) and integrated with an anti-swing system to provide anti-swing rigidity and additional vertical energy consumption.
6. The variable-rigidity friction sliding anti-swing three-dimensional shock insulation device according to claim 5, wherein the limiting plate (7) is arranged in a 匚 shape, a fixing groove is formed in the inner side of the limiting plate (7), and the fixing groove is matched with the friction material (12).
7. The damping method based on the variable stiffness friction sliding anti-swing three-dimensional shock insulation device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the following steps: s1, design of slip-free state at small earthquake stage At the moment, the whole device is in an elastic working state, the friction interface is not slipped, and the vertical total rigidity K 1 is provided by the rigidity parallel connection of all the spring supports and the vertical rubber supports: (1); In the middle of The number of the vertical rubber supports and the number of the spring supports are equal; And The vertical rigidity of the single vertical rubber support and the single spring support are respectively; (2); In the middle of , , Respectively the shear modulus, the sectional area and the thickness of the rubber body; (3); In the middle of , , , The shear modulus, the spring wire diameter, the spring pitch diameter and the effective number of turns of the spring are respectively; the maximum vertical yield force at this time is the slip initiation force: (4); In the middle of , , , , The device has the maximum vertical yield force, yield displacement, first-order rigidity, static friction coefficient and pretightening force; (5); In the middle of Static state Is the static friction coefficient of the friction plate and the limiting plate, In order to apply the pre-tightening force, The distance between the vertical rubber support and the baffle of the limiting plate is set; (6); In the middle of In the form of a pressure intensity, the pressure intensity, Is the stress area; the maximum vertical yield force Q d 、K 1 of the support is obtained by combining the components (1) - (6): (7); (8); S2, designing slip state at middle earthquake and large earthquake stages When the vertical force exceeds Q d , the friction interface starts to slide, the device enters a second working stage, and the vertical rigidity K 2 is mainly provided by a spring support: (9); the vertical force is (10); Wherein F p is the restoring force of the rubber support, and F Dynamic movement is the dynamic friction force of the friction plate and the limiting plate; In the middle of The device is vertically displaced; (11); In the middle of Dynamic movement The dynamic friction coefficient of the friction plate and the limiting plate of the device; The vertical force Q, K 2 of the support is obtained by the combined type (3), (9) - (11), and whether the bearing capacity and the rigidity of the device under large displacement meet the safety requirements or not is verified, and the shock insulation target is obtained: (12); (13); The vertical second-order rigidity and the maximum vertical yield force of the device are as follows: (14); (15); S3, parameter optimization and iteration In the design process, the static friction coefficient, the dynamic friction coefficient, the pretightening force P h , the rigidity K r of the vertical rubber support and the rigidity K s of the spring are comprehensively adjusted and calculated in an iterative manner until the rigidity K 1 、K 2 and the yield force Q d of each level of the device meet the anti-seismic design requirement of the mounting structure.

Description

Variable-rigidity friction sliding anti-swing three-dimensional shock insulation device and shock absorption method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of building vibration isolation and shock absorption, in particular to a variable-rigidity friction sliding anti-swing three-dimensional vibration isolation device and a shock absorption method thereof. Background Earthquake is taken as a natural disaster with extremely strong destructiveness, and the multidimensional vibration characteristic of the earthquake is a serious threat to the safety of a building structure. Although the traditional vibration isolation technology, such as a laminated rubber support, can effectively reduce the horizontal earthquake response of the structure, the vertical rigidity is usually far greater than the horizontal rigidity (about 1000 times), so that the vertical vibration isolation effect is weak, and the vertical earthquake can not be effectively attenuated. Studies have shown that vertical seismic vibrations not only affect the function of the structure in use, but their effect may even exceed the horizontal component in near-fault seismic vibrations. Therefore, developing a three-dimensional vibration isolation technology for simultaneously controlling horizontal vibration and vertical vibration has become an important direction for improving the anti-seismic toughness of buildings. Current three-dimensional seismic isolation research is focused on theoretical analysis and experimental exploration, and mature, reliable and economic three-dimensional seismic isolation systems in practical engineering are still relatively lacking. Some existing three-dimensional shock insulation schemes, such as a three-dimensional spring-damping system, a roller shock insulation device and the like, often have the problems of complex structure, insufficient resetting capability, weak anti-swing performance, difficulty in coordination of vertical rigidity and the like. Particularly for high-rise or towering structures, swinging and torsion are easy to occur under the action of earthquake, and the risk of structural damage is further increased. Therefore, a three-dimensional vibration isolation device which can achieve both horizontal vibration isolation and vertical vibration isolation, has multi-stage energy consumption and good resetting capability, and can effectively inhibit structural swinging is needed. How to solve the above problems is a subject of the present invention. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the problems, the invention provides the rigidity-variable friction sliding anti-swing three-dimensional shock insulation device with reasonable structure and controllable performance and the shock absorption method thereof, and aims to overcome the defects of the conventional shock insulation technology, and the self-adaptive response and high-efficiency energy consumption of the earthquake excitation with different intensities such as small earthquake, medium earthquake and large earthquake are realized through the cooperative work of the horizontal shock insulation layer, the vertical shock insulation layer and the anti-swing device. The variable-rigidity friction sliding anti-swing three-dimensional shock insulation device comprises a horizontal shock insulation system at the upper part, a vertical shock insulation and reset system at the middle part and an integrated vertical energy dissipation anti-swing system at the lower part; The horizontal vibration isolation system comprises a top plate, a horizontal rubber support and a central mass block, wherein the upper end of the horizontal rubber support is connected with the top plate through a bolt, and the lower end of the horizontal rubber support is connected with the central mass block to form a first horizontal vibration isolation layer, and is mainly used for filtering horizontal earthquake energy; The vertical shock insulation and reset system comprises a plurality of spring supports and a bottom plate; The upper end of the spring support is connected with the central mass block, and the lower end of the spring support is connected with the bottom plate, so that initial vertical rigidity, elastic restoring force and main vertical shock insulation function are provided for the structure; The anti-swing system comprises anti-swing units arranged on the left side and the right side of the central mass block respectively; The anti-swing unit comprises a limiting plate, a friction plate, a vertical rubber support, a bottom plate side edge and friction materials, wherein one side of the limiting plate in the anti-swing unit is connected with the side edge of the central mass block, the lower end of the bottom plate side edge is connected with the bottom plate, the friction plate is connected with the bottom plate side edge through the vertical rubber support, and the friction materials are arranged between the limiting plate and the fri