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CN-122014071-A - Bottom door locking device and railway wagon

CN122014071ACN 122014071 ACN122014071 ACN 122014071ACN-122014071-A

Abstract

The application discloses a bottom door locking device and a railway wagon, which comprise a supporting seat and a locking mechanism, wherein the locking mechanism comprises a ratchet device and a pawl device, the ratchet device is in transmission connection with a rotating body of an operating main body for driving a bottom door leaf to open and close, the pawl device is hinged on the supporting seat, a first elastic reset device is used for driving the pawl device to be matched with the ratchet device so as to limit the bottom door leaf to rotate towards the opening direction, and an unlocking device comprises an unlocking handle and is used for driving the pawl device to be separated from the ratchet device. When the operator drives the rotator to close the bottom door leaf, the ratchet device rotates along with the rotator. Under the spring force of the first elastic reset device, the pawl device automatically falls down and bounces up when passing through each tooth slot of the ratchet device until the bottom door leaf is completely closed in place, the pawl device can be immediately clamped into the current tooth slot, locking is automatically completed, and major potential safety hazards caused by forgetting manual locking are eliminated.

Inventors

  • ZHAO YUYE
  • LIU CAIYUN
  • ZHANG LUYING
  • WU ZHENGUO
  • BAI XUE
  • QIU ZHONGBO

Assignees

  • 中车齐齐哈尔车辆有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260326

Claims (13)

  1. 1. Bottom door locking device, characterized by comprising a support seat (400) and a locking mechanism (100), said locking mechanism (100) comprising: The ratchet and pawl mechanism comprises a ratchet device (110) and a pawl device (120), wherein the ratchet device (110) is in transmission connection with a rotating body (210) of an operating main body (200) for driving a bottom door leaf (500) to perform opening and closing actions, and the pawl device (120) is hinged on the supporting seat (400); a first elastic reset device (170), one end of which is connected to the supporting seat (400) and the other end of which is connected to the pawl device (120) so as to drive the pawl device (120) to be matched with the ratchet device (110) to limit the bottom door leaf (500) to rotate towards the opening direction; an unlocking device comprising an unlocking handle (140), the unlocking handle (140) being configured to drive the pawl device (120) out of engagement with the ratchet device (110).
  2. 2. The bottom door locking device according to claim 1, wherein the ratchet and pawl mechanism is a plurality of, and pawl devices (120) of the ratchet and pawl mechanisms are fixed to the same hinge shaft (190) and hinged to the support base (400) through the hinge shaft (190); at least one of said detent means (120) is connected to said first resilient return means (170).
  3. 3. Bottom door locking device according to claim 2, characterized in that at least one of the ratchet-pawl mechanisms is located outside the support seat (400) and the operating body (200).
  4. 4. The bottom door locking device according to claim 1, wherein the locking mechanism (100) further comprises a clamping block (130) rotatably connected to the supporting seat (400), a clamping groove (131) is formed in the clamping block (130), and the clamping block (130) is driven by the second elastic reset device (180) to be abutted against the pawl device (120); the pawl device (120) is provided with a clamping tooth (121), and the clamping tooth (121) is clamped into the clamping groove (131) under the condition that the unlocking device drives the pawl device (120) to be separated from the ratchet device (110).
  5. 5. The bottom door locking device according to claim 4, wherein when the rotator (210) of the operating body (200) drives the bottom door leaf (500) to rotate in the door opening direction, the rotator (210) pushes the detent block (130) to rotate in a direction away from the detent means (120), so that the detent teeth (121) are disengaged from the detent grooves (131).
  6. 6. The bottom door locking device according to claim 5, wherein a side of the detent block (130) facing the rotator (210) is provided with a driving ramp (132) for cooperation with the rotator (210); At least a portion of the driving inclined surface (132) away from the rotation center of the lock block (130) is a target inclined surface, and the target inclined surface is gradually closer to the rotation axis of the rotator (210) along a direction from one end close to the rotator (210) to one end away from the rotator (210).
  7. 7. The bottom door locking apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein a portion of the rotator (210) engaged with the driving ramp (132) is a convex curved surface; Or alternatively The rolling bodies (210) are arranged on the rotating body, and the rolling bodies are matched with the driving inclined planes (132).
  8. 8. Bottom door locking device according to claim 4, characterized in that the detent block (130) is provided with a guiding ramp (133), said guiding ramp (133) cooperating with the detent tooth (121) in case the detent means (120) cooperate with the ratchet means (110); When the unlocking device drives the pawl device (120) to be separated from the ratchet device (110), the clamping teeth (121) slide into the clamping grooves (131) from the guide inclined surfaces (133).
  9. 9. The bottom door locking device according to claim 4, wherein the detent block (130) comprises a first position, a second position and a third position in this order in a swinging direction away from the rotator (210); When the clamping block (130) is positioned at the first position, the clamping teeth (121) are positioned outside the clamping grooves (131), and the clamping block (130) can form a limit for rotating the rotating body (210) in the door opening direction; When the clamping block (130) is positioned at the second position, the clamping teeth (121) are matched with the clamping grooves (131); When the clamping block (130) is positioned at the third position, the clamping groove (131) is separated from the position of the clamping tooth (121), and when the rotator (210) rotates towards the door opening direction, the clamping block (130) is pushed to be switched from the second position to the third position.
  10. 10. Bottom door locking device according to any of claims 1-9, wherein the unlocking device further comprises a swivel arm (150) and a pulling arm (160); the rotating arm (150) is rotatably connected to the supporting seat (400), one end of the traction arm (160) is hinged to the rotating arm (150), and the other end of the traction arm is hinged to the pawl device (120); One end of the unlocking handle (140) is hinged to the rotating arm (150), the supporting seat (400) is arranged on the sliding support, a sliding groove is formed in the sliding support, the unlocking handles are supported on the sliding groove, the number of the unlocking handles (140) is two, and the operation ends of the two unlocking handles (140) are respectively located at two sides of the railway wagon in the width direction of the railway wagon.
  11. 11. The bottom door locking device of claim 10, wherein a first pin hole is provided on the sliding support, a second pin hole corresponding to the first pin hole is provided on the unlocking handle (140), and the first pin hole and the second pin hole are configured to pass through a locking pin.
  12. 12. The bottom door locking device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the number of the steering bodies (200) is two, and the two steering bodies (200) are arranged in the vehicle width direction so as to be located on both sides of the railway wagon in the vehicle width direction, respectively; The control main body (200) comprises a fixed seat (220) and a rotating body (210) which is rotationally connected to the fixed seat (220) through a driving shaft (230), a blocking shaft is arranged on the rotating body (210), the blocking shaft and the driving shaft (230) are arranged at intervals, and a space for inserting a crowbar (900) is formed between the blocking shaft and the driving shaft, so that the crowbar (900) takes the driving shaft (230) as a fulcrum, and the blocking shaft is driven to rotate around the driving shaft (230).
  13. 13. A railway wagon comprising a bottom door locking device as defined in any one of claims 1 to 12.

Description

Bottom door locking device and railway wagon Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of railway wagons, in particular to a bottom door locking device and a railway wagon. Background The hopper car is used as core equipment for transporting bulk cargoes such as coal, ore, grain, powdery material and the like, is a key carrier for railway freight systems and bulk material logistics links, and the technical performance of the hopper car directly influences the logistics transportation efficiency, cost and environmental protection level. The bottom door is a core functional component for realizing bulk material loading and unloading of the railway hopper car, the opening and closing reliability, locking tightness and operation suitability of the bottom door directly determine the transportation efficiency of the hopper car, the operation safety and the logistics cost are key links of a railway transportation system for bulk materials such as coal, grain, cement and the like. The bottom door mechanism mainly comprises a bottom door leaf, a transmission link mechanism and an opening and closing control device. One end of the bottom door leaf is hinged at one side of the unloading opening, and the other end is a free end and is connected with the transmission connecting rod mechanism. Each bottom door leaf is connected with the same transmission shaft through a transmission connecting rod mechanism, and the opening and closing control device is used for driving the transmission shaft to rotate and driving the bottom door leaf to realize opening and closing actions through the transmission connecting rod mechanism. The current bottom door mechanisms are not provided with locking means so that the bottom door leaf is at risk of accidental opening. Therefore, how to prevent the bottom door leaf from being accidentally opened and improve the safety is a problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Disclosure of Invention Accordingly, the present application is directed to a bottom door locking device, which prevents a bottom door leaf from being accidentally opened, thereby improving safety; Another object of the present application is to provide a railway wagon having the above bottom door locking device. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions: a first aspect of the present application provides a bottom door locking apparatus comprising a support base and a locking mechanism, the locking mechanism comprising: the ratchet and pawl mechanism comprises a ratchet device and a pawl device, the ratchet device is in transmission connection with a rotating body of an operating main body for driving the bottom door leaf to perform opening and closing actions, and the pawl device is hinged on the supporting seat; One end of the first elastic reset device is connected with the supporting seat, and the other end of the first elastic reset device is connected with the pawl device so as to drive the pawl device to be matched with the ratchet device, so that the bottom door leaf is limited to rotate towards the opening direction; An unlocking device comprising an unlocking handle configured to drive the pawl device out of engagement with the ratchet device. In one possible implementation manner, the ratchet and pawl mechanisms are multiple, and pawl devices of the ratchet and pawl mechanisms are fixed on the same hinge shaft and hinged on the supporting seat through the hinge shaft; at least one of the detent means is connected to the first resilient return means. In one possible implementation, at least one of the ratchet and pawl mechanisms is located outside of the support base and the steering body. In one possible implementation manner, the locking mechanism further comprises a clamping block rotatably connected to the supporting seat, a clamping groove is formed in the clamping block, and the clamping block is driven by the second elastic reset device to be abutted against the pawl device; The pawl device is provided with a clamping tooth, and the clamping tooth is clamped into the clamping groove under the condition that the unlocking device drives the pawl device to be separated from the ratchet device. In one possible implementation, when the rotator of the operating body drives the bottom door leaf to rotate in the door opening direction, the rotator pushes the clamping block to rotate in a direction away from the pawl device, so that the clamping teeth are separated from the clamping grooves. In one possible implementation, a driving inclined plane for matching with the rotating body is arranged on one side of the clamping block facing the rotating body; At least the part of the driving inclined plane far away from the rotation center of the clamping block is a target inclined plane, and the distance between the target inclined plane and the rotation axis of the rotating body gradually approaches along the direction from one en