CN-122014115-A - Impact-resistant borehole enlarging device

CN122014115ACN 122014115 ACN122014115 ACN 122014115ACN-122014115-A

Abstract

The invention relates to an anti-impact borehole expanding device which comprises a pipe body, wherein a blade capable of sliding up and down is arranged on the side wall of the pipe body, a hydraulic cylinder body is arranged below the blade, a hydraulic cavity is formed in the inner side of the hydraulic cylinder body, a central pipe is fixedly arranged in the pipe body, a second fixing seat is arranged below the hydraulic cylinder body, a first through hole is formed in the second fixing seat, the first through hole is arranged in the hydraulic cavity, the communication state of the central pipe and the hydraulic cavity is regulated by controlling the on-off of the first through hole, the central pipe and the hydraulic cavity are in the communication state, drilling fluid in the central pipe can enter the hydraulic cavity and push the hydraulic cylinder body to move upwards so as to control the blade to move upwards and simultaneously move outwards of the pipe body, and the blade is unfolded. The invention has better expanding stability, can effectively improve the vibration condition of the underground drilling tool during the reaming operation, improves the well diameter expansion rate, and improves the well cementation quality and the operation safety.

Inventors

HOU FUXIANG
FENG LAI
XU BINGGUI
ZHANG YANPING
LUO YONG
WANG JUN
LIANG GUOHONG
HE KUN
PENG SONG
CAO CHUAN

Assignees

中国石油天然气集团有限公司
中国石油集团工程技术研究院有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20241111

Claims (15)

1. An impact resistant wellbore expansion device, the impact resistant wellbore expansion device comprising: the pipe body is provided with a plurality of blade sliding grooves along the length direction on the side wall of the pipe body, and the blade sliding grooves are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the pipe body; the central tube is fixedly arranged in the tube body and is used for passing drilling fluid; the blades are slidably arranged in the corresponding blade sliding grooves; The sleeve is arranged in the pipe body, the sleeve is positioned above the blade and sleeved on the outer side of the central pipe, the sleeve is connected with the pipe body through a first fixing seat, a spring is arranged in the sleeve and positioned on the periphery of the central pipe, and two ends of the spring respectively prop against the inner wall of the top of the sleeve and the top of the blade; the hydraulic cylinder body is arranged in the pipe body, is positioned below the blade and is sleeved on the outer side of the central pipe in a vertically sliding manner, and a hydraulic cavity is formed in the inner side of the hydraulic cylinder body; The second fixing seat is arranged in the pipe body and positioned below the hydraulic cylinder body, the second fixing seat is connected with the bottom of the central pipe, at least one first through hole is formed in the second fixing seat, the second fixing seat is positioned at the position where the first through hole is formed and stretches into the hydraulic cavity, and the communication state of the central pipe and the hydraulic cavity is adjusted by controlling the on-off of the first through hole; when the central pipe and the hydraulic cavity are in a communication state, the drilling fluid can push the hydraulic cylinder body to move upwards so as to control the blades to move upwards and simultaneously move to the outer side of the pipe body.
2. The impact resistant wellbore expansion device of claim 1, further comprising an activation sleeve and a closure sleeve, the activation sleeve and the closure sleeve being secured within the second mount by a first shear pin and a second shear pin, respectively, and the activation sleeve being located below the closure sleeve; the impact resistant wellbore expansion device has an initial state, an activated state and a closed state, When the anti-impact wellbore expansion device is in an initial state, the activation sliding sleeve is used for plugging the first through hole, and the drilling fluid can flow through the inner sides of the first fixing seat, the central tube and the second fixing seat; When the anti-impact wellbore expansion device is in an activated state, an activation ball is thrown into the activation sliding sleeve to block the drilling fluid from flowing through, the pressure in the central tube cuts off the first shear pin, the activation sliding sleeve falls down and the central tube is communicated with the hydraulic cavity through the first through hole, the drilling fluid enters the hydraulic cavity to push the hydraulic cylinder body to move upwards, and the hydraulic cylinder body pushes the blades to move outwards of the tube body while moving upwards along the blade sliding grooves so as to control the expansion of a plurality of blades; When the anti-impact wellbore expansion device is in a closed state, a closing ball is thrown into the closing sliding sleeve to block drilling fluid from flowing into the hydraulic cavity, the pressure in the central pipe cuts off the second shearing pin, the closing sliding sleeve falls to a position for plugging the first through hole, and the spring pushes the blade to move downwards along the blade sliding groove and simultaneously move towards the inner side of the pipe body so as to control a plurality of blades to retract into the pipe body.
3. The impact wellbore expansion device of claim 1 or 2, further comprising an upper joint and a first retaining ring, wherein the upper joint is connected with the top end of the tubular body, the upper joint is used for being connected with an upper drilling tool, the first retaining ring is arranged in the tubular body and is pressed between the upper joint and the first fixing seat, and the outer wall of the first retaining ring is connected with the inner wall of the tubular body in a sealing manner.
4. The impact-resistant wellbore expansion device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the blade sliding grooves are elongated slotted holes formed along the extending direction of the tubular body, and guide grooves gradually inclining upwards from inside to outside are respectively formed on two opposite inner walls of the blade sliding grooves; The two opposite outer walls of the blade are respectively provided with a guide convex rib matched with the guide groove, the blade is positioned in the blade sliding groove, and the guide convex ribs can be slidably embedded in the corresponding guide grooves so as to guide the blade to move upwards along the blade sliding groove and simultaneously move towards the outer side of the pipe body.
5. The impact resistant wellbore expansion device of claim 4, wherein the first holder is cylindrical, an outer wall of the first holder is in sealing connection with an inner wall of the tubular body, a top of the center tube extends into an inner side of the first holder, and an outer wall of the center tube is in sealing connection with the inner wall of the first holder.
6. The impact resistant wellbore expansion device of claim 5, wherein said sleeve is positioned below said first mount and the top of said sleeve is connected to the bottom of said first mount, said spring is sleeved around the outer circumference of said center tube, and the top of said spring abuts against the top inner wall of said sleeve; The top of the blade is provided with a first check ring which can slide along the blade chute, and the bottom of the spring is propped against the top of the first check ring.
7. The impact-resistant wellbore expansion device of claim 6, wherein a plurality of first support arms extending away from the center of the first retainer ring are arranged on the outer wall of the first retainer ring, the plurality of first support arms are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the first retainer ring and correspond to the plurality of blade sliding grooves one by one, and the plurality of first support arms are respectively slidably embedded in the corresponding blade sliding grooves.
8. The impact wellbore expansion apparatus of claim 7 wherein the bottom of the first support arm has a first incline at a first predetermined angle to the horizontal and the top of the blade has a second incline opposite the first incline, the first incline abutting the second incline.
9. The impact resistant wellbore expansion device of claim 6, wherein a second retainer ring is provided below the blade and is slidable along the blade chute, the second retainer ring being connected to the top of the second mount; A plurality of second supporting arms extending towards the direction far away from the center of the second check ring are arranged on the outer wall of the second check ring, the second supporting arms are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the second check ring and correspond to the blade sliding grooves one by one, and the second supporting arms are respectively embedded in the corresponding blade sliding grooves in a sliding manner; the spring compresses the first check ring, the blade and the second check ring.
10. The impact wellbore expansion apparatus of claim 9 wherein the top of the second support arm has a third bevel at a second predetermined angle to the horizontal and the bottom of the blade has a fourth bevel opposite the third bevel, the third bevel abutting the fourth bevel.
11. The impact wellbore expansion apparatus of claim 2 wherein said activation sleeve has an annular first shoulder formed on a lower inner wall thereof that tapers from top to bottom, said activation ball having a diameter that is greater than an inner diameter of at least a portion of said first shoulder so that a plunged activation ball can seat against said first shoulder.
12. The impact wellbore expansion apparatus of claim 11 wherein said closing sleeve has an annular second shoulder formed on a lower inner wall thereof tapering from top to bottom, said closing ball having a diameter greater than an inner diameter of at least a portion of said second shoulder so that said closing ball being plunged can seat against said second shoulder; the diameter of the activation ball is smaller than the inner diameter of the second shoulder so that the activation ball can fall through the closing slide into the activation slide.
13. The impact-resistant wellbore expansion device according to claim 11, wherein the second fixing seat is cylindrical and arranged along the extending direction of the tubular body, a cavity is formed in the second fixing seat, the first through hole is positioned above the cavity, a second through hole is formed in the second fixing seat and positioned below the cavity, the cavity is communicated with the tubular body through the second through hole and an annulus between the second fixing seat and the tubular body, a flow channel is formed in a position, opposite to the second fixing seat, on the wall of the tubular body, and drilling fluid in the cavity can be discharged through the second through hole and the flow channel in sequence; the flow channel is provided with a water nozzle for controlling the on-off of the flow channel.
14. The shock protection wellbore expansion device of claim 1 or 2, further comprising a connector barrel disposed within the tubular body, the top of the connector barrel being connected to the bottom of the center tube, the bottom of the connector barrel being connected to the top of the second mount.
15. The impact resistant wellbore expansion device of claim 1 or 2, further comprising a lower joint connected to the bottom end of the tubular body and a second retaining ring for connection to a lower drilling tool, the second retaining ring being disposed within the tubular body and compressed between the lower joint and the second mounting seat, the outer wall of the second retaining ring being sealingly connected to the inner wall of the tubular body.

Description

Impact-resistant borehole enlarging device Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum and geological drilling, in particular to an anti-impact borehole expansion device. Background The land deep layer is an important successor field of energy, 39% of residual petroleum and 57% of residual natural gas are distributed in the deep layer, deep and ultra-deep oil and gas resources are already the main area of oil and gas strategy, the deep well and ultra-deep well have complex well depth structure, small sleeve clearance and difficult well cementation quality assurance, the sleeve annular clearance can be effectively increased while drilling reaming, the well cementation quality is improved, in addition, for some areas (such as Tarim) the complex conditions of drilling sticking, diameter shrinkage and the like caused by the creep of a salt paste layer well section, the drilling and reaming-while-drilling technology can be adopted to enlarge the well hole and the anti-sticking of the salt paste layer well section, meanwhile, the thickness of a cement ring can be increased, and the creep resistance of a sleeve-cement ring system to the stratum can be improved. However, the current reaming operation commonly has the defects of strong vibration of the underground drilling tool assembly, tool fracture, tripping, blade damage and the like, and seriously influences the popularization and the use of reaming tools. Accordingly, the present inventors have developed an impact protection wellbore expansion device to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art by years of experience and practice in the relevant industry. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide an anti-impact borehole expanding device which is used for reaming while drilling during petroleum exploration drilling operation, effectively improves the vibration condition of a downhole drilling tool during reaming operation, can improve the borehole diameter expansion rate, prevent the drilling sticking of a necking neck, improve the annular clearance between a casing and a borehole wall, and improve the well cementation quality and the operation safety. The object of the invention can be achieved by the following scheme: the invention provides an impact-resistant wellbore expansion device, comprising: the pipe body is provided with a plurality of blade sliding grooves along the length direction on the side wall of the pipe body, and the blade sliding grooves are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the pipe body; the central tube is fixedly arranged in the tube body and is used for passing drilling fluid; the blades are slidably arranged in the corresponding blade sliding grooves; The sleeve is arranged in the pipe body, the sleeve is positioned above the blade and sleeved on the outer side of the central pipe, the sleeve is connected with the pipe body through a first fixing seat, a spring is arranged in the sleeve and positioned on the periphery of the central pipe, and two ends of the spring respectively prop against the inner wall of the top of the sleeve and the top of the blade; the hydraulic cylinder body is arranged in the pipe body, is positioned below the blade and is sleeved on the outer side of the central pipe in a vertically sliding manner, and a hydraulic cavity is formed in the inner side of the hydraulic cylinder body; The second fixing seat is arranged in the pipe body and positioned below the hydraulic cylinder body, the second fixing seat is connected with the bottom of the central pipe, at least one first through hole is formed in the second fixing seat, the second fixing seat is positioned at the position where the first through hole is formed and stretches into the hydraulic cavity, and the communication state of the central pipe and the hydraulic cavity is adjusted by controlling the on-off of the first through hole; when the central pipe and the hydraulic cavity are in a communication state, the drilling fluid can push the hydraulic cylinder body to move upwards so as to control the blades to move upwards and simultaneously move to the outer side of the pipe body. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the anti-impact wellbore expansion device further includes an activation sliding sleeve and a closing sliding sleeve, wherein the activation sliding sleeve and the closing sliding sleeve are respectively fixed in the second fixing seat through a first shear pin and a second shear pin, and the activation sliding sleeve is located below the closing sliding sleeve; the impact resistant wellbore expansion device has an initial state, an activated state and a closed state, When the anti-impact wellbore expansion device is in an initial state, the activation sliding sleeve is used for plugging the first through hole, and the drilling fluid can flow through the inner sides of the first fixing seat, the central tube and the second fixing seat; When the anti-impact w