CN-122014147-A - Packer, integrated tubular column and oil well layering operation method

CN122014147ACN 122014147 ACN122014147 ACN 122014147ACN-122014147-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a packer, an integrated pipe column and an oil well layering operation method, which relate to the technical field of petroleum exploitation equipment, and in the process of deblocking operation, the pipe column is not required to be lifted up by arranging a central pipe, an anchoring mechanism and a hydraulic pressure blocking unlocking mechanism, and deblocking can be triggered by only throwing a second pressure blocking ball from the upper part of the pipe column, therefore, the packer at the specific position on the pipe column can be independently unpacked without sequentially unpacking all the packers above the position, the operation difficulty of unpacking operation is reduced, the operation procedures are reduced, the operation period is shortened, the safety risks such as pipe column blocking and casing damage possibly caused by lifting the pipe column are avoided, and the safety and the efficiency of underground operation are improved.

Inventors

WANG HAIFENG
YU HAILONG
ZHANG SHIJIE
XIAO ZHIFENG
Chang Baozi
YANG MINGHUI
GUO YULONG
LI GUOAN
ZHANG SHENG
ZHOU YONGKANG
XUE YANG
XU FAN
ZHANG TAO

Assignees

克拉玛依市红都有限责任公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260410

Claims (10)

1. A packer, comprising: The central tube comprises an integrally formed mounting section and a working section, wherein a plurality of rings of jet holes which are distributed at intervals and are in a blocking state in an initial state are arranged on the working section along the length direction of the central tube, one ring of jet holes is close to the mounting section, one end of the mounting section, which is far away from the working section, is in interference fit with a supporting seat, a hydraulic cylinder sleeve is arranged at one end of the working section, which is far away from the mounting section, a first blocking ball seat is arranged in a tube cavity at one end, which is far away from the working section, of the mounting section, and a second blocking ball seat is arranged at the junction of the mounting section and the working section; An anchoring mechanism sleeved on the periphery of the mounting section, one end of the anchoring mechanism is abutted with the abutting seat, the other end of the anchoring mechanism extends towards the working section, and The hydraulic pressure build-up unlocking mechanism is arranged on the working section and comprises an outer shell and a multi-stage hydraulic pressure build-up unlocking component, the outer shell is of a bellows-like structure, two ends of the outer shell are respectively connected with the hydraulic cylinder sleeve and the anchoring mechanism, the multi-stage hydraulic pressure build-up unlocking component is sleeved on the periphery of the working section, one end of the multi-stage hydraulic pressure build-up unlocking component is connected with the anchoring mechanism, the outer shell is sleeved on the periphery of the multi-stage hydraulic pressure build-up unlocking component, and a one-way valve capable of discharging gas in the outer shell is arranged on the outer shell; The hydraulic cylinder sleeve can push the hydraulic pressure holding unlocking mechanism to move towards the direction of the abutting seat when the first holding ball seat is in a first holding state, so that the anchoring mechanism is switched to an anchoring state from a releasing state, and the multistage hydraulic pressure holding unlocking component can be opened by a liquid column in the central tube close to the mounting section when the second holding ball seat is in a second holding state, the jet hole is arranged to enter the multistage hydraulic pressure holding unlocking component and is released step by step, and the anchoring mechanism is driven to move towards the direction of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve and is switched to the releasing state from the anchoring state.
2. The packer of claim 1, wherein the multi-stage hydraulic hold-down unlocking member comprises: The first ratchet sleeve is slidably sleeved on the periphery of the working section and connected with the anchoring mechanism, liquid flow passages which are consistent in number with the jet holes of each ring and are correspondingly communicated one by one are formed on the inner wall of the first ratchet sleeve, and one end of each liquid flow passage, which faces the mounting section, is a blind end; A first pressure-holding unlocking component sleeved on the periphery of the working section and coated on the periphery of the first ratchet sleeve along the length direction of the central tube, a first piston pressure-holding cavity communicated with one of the jet holes is formed between the first pressure-holding unlocking component and the working section and communicated with the liquid flow passage, and At least one second is suppressed and is unlocked the subassembly, all the second is suppressed and is unlocked the subassembly and follow work section length direction overlaps in proper order the periphery of center tube is located be close to first is suppressed and is unlocked the subassembly setting second is suppressed and is pressed the unblock subassembly cladding in first is suppressed and is pressed the periphery of unblock subassembly, every the second is suppressed and is pressed the unblock subassembly with be formed with respectively between the work section and communicate one the second piston of jet hole is suppressed and is pressed the cavity.
3. The packer of claim 2, wherein the first ratchet sleeve comprises: The first sleeve is slidably sleeved on the periphery of the working section and connected with the anchoring mechanism, and the liquid flow passage is formed on the inner wall of the first sleeve; a plurality of first shear pins, which are inserted and connected with one end of the first sleeve, which is far away from the anchoring mechanism, and the first shear pins are consistent with the jet holes in number and are in one-to-one correspondence The first ratchet ring is in interference fit with the periphery of the first sleeve, the first ratchet ring is provided with a first ratchet ring, a plurality of first separation columns and a plurality of first ratchet grooves, the first ratchet ring is obliquely arranged in the direction of the installation section, the first separation columns are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the first ratchet ring and penetrate through the first ratchet ring, the first separation columns divide all the first ratchet ring into a plurality of sections of first ratchet grooves distributed along the circumferential direction, and all the first ratchet grooves are meshed with the first pressure-holding unlocking assembly; When the second pressure-holding ball seat is in the second pressure-holding state, the liquid column in the central tube can impact all the first shear pins to enable the jet holes to be communicated with the first piston pressure-holding cavity, the first sleeve is released, the first ratchet ring is unlocked with the first pressure-holding unlocking component, and the anchoring mechanism is driven to move towards the direction of the working section.
4. The packer of claim 3, wherein the first hold-down unlocking assembly comprises: the first unlocking ring is sleeved on the periphery of the working section and comprises a first piston ring, a first connecting ring and a plurality of first unlocking rods which are formed integrally in sequence, the first piston ring is matched with the piston of the working section at intervals in the circumferential direction, first engaging teeth which are engaged with the first ratchet ring are formed on the side surface of all the first unlocking rods, facing the working section, and a first abutting ring is arranged on the periphery of the first connecting ring; the second shear nails are distributed on the periphery of the working section at intervals along the circumferential direction, are consistent in number with the jet holes of the other ring, are inserted in one-to-one correspondence, are abutted to the first piston ring, and are positioned in the first piston pressure-holding cavity; The second ratchet sleeve is slidably sleeved on the periphery of the working section, at least partially sleeved on the periphery of the first unlocking ring and abutted against the first abutting ring, a second piston pressure-holding cavity is formed between the second ratchet sleeve and the first piston ring, and the periphery of the second ratchet sleeve is meshed with the adjacent second pressure-holding unlocking assembly; the third shear nails are circumferentially distributed at intervals on the periphery of the working section and are abutted against one end, far away from the first pressure-blocking unlocking component, of the second ratchet sleeve, the third shear nails are consistent in number with the jet holes of the next ring and are in one-to-one corresponding insertion connection, and the third shear nails are located in the second piston pressure-blocking cavity; the first sleeve can enter the first connecting ring and impact and shear the second shear pins, and continuously hold pressure when abutting against the first piston ring so as to push the second ratchet sleeve to shear all the third shear pins, so that the second ratchet sleeve is separated from the adjacent second hold pressure unlocking assembly, and the anchoring mechanism is driven to move towards the direction of the working section.
5. The packer of claim 4, wherein the second ratchet sleeve comprises: The second sleeve is sleeved on the periphery of the working section and is abutted against the first abutting ring, all third shear nails are distributed at one end, far away from the first unlocking ring, of the second sleeve, and the second sleeve is in sliding fit with the working section and seals the jet holes corresponding to the third shear nails; The second ratchet ring is in interference fit with the periphery of the second sleeve, a plurality of second ratchet rings with the same inclination direction as the first ratchet ring and a plurality of second partition columns which are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction and penetrate through all the second ratchet rings are arranged on the second ratchet ring, the second partition columns partition all the second ratchet rings into a plurality of sections of second ratchet grooves distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction, and all the second ratchet grooves are meshed with the second pressure-holding unlocking components adjacent to the second ratchet grooves; When the third shear pin is sheared by the second sleeve, a liquid column entering the first piston pressure holding cavity moves towards a direction away from the installation section through the first connecting ring, and the second ratchet ring and the adjacent second pressure holding unlocking component are separated from unlocking, so that the anchoring mechanism is driven to move towards the direction of the working section.
6. The packer of claim 5, wherein the second hold-down unlocking assembly comprises: The second unlocking ring is sleeved on the periphery of the working section, the second unlocking ring comprises a second piston ring, a second connecting ring and a plurality of second unlocking rods which are sequentially and integrally formed along the direction from the working section to the mounting section, the second piston ring is matched with the working section piston, second meshing teeth meshed with the second ratchet ring are formed on the side surfaces of all the second unlocking rods facing the working section, and a second abutting ring is arranged on the periphery of the second connecting ring; The fourth shear nails are distributed on the periphery of the working section at intervals along the circumferential direction, are positioned in the second connecting ring and are abutted against the second piston ring, and the fourth shear nails are consistent in number with the jet holes of the next ring, are inserted in one-to-one correspondence and are abutted against the second piston ring; The third ratchet sleeve is slidably sleeved on the periphery of the working section, at least part of the third ratchet sleeve is sleeved on the periphery of the second unlocking ring and is abutted against the second abutting ring, the second piston holding-down chamber is formed between the third ratchet sleeve and the second piston ring, and the periphery of the third ratchet sleeve is meshed with the other second holding-down unlocking component adjacent to the third ratchet sleeve; The fifth shear nails are circumferentially distributed at intervals on the periphery of the working section and are abutted to one end, far away from the second pressure-blocking unlocking assembly, of the third ratchet sleeve, and the fifth shear nails are consistent in number with the jet holes of the other ring and are correspondingly spliced one by one; The second sleeve can enter the second connecting ring and impact and shear the fourth shear pin, and continuously hold pressure when abutting against the second piston ring so as to push the third ratchet sleeve to shear all the fifth shear pins, so that the third ratchet sleeve is separated from the adjacent second hold pressure unlocking component, and the anchoring mechanism is driven to move towards the direction of the working section.
7. The packer of claim 6, wherein the third ratchet sleeve comprises: The third sleeve is sleeved on the periphery of the working section and is abutted against the second abutting ring, all the fifth shear nails are distributed at one end, far away from the second unlocking ring, of the third sleeve, and the third sleeve is in sliding fit with the working section and seals the jet holes corresponding to the fifth shear nails; The third ratchet ring is in interference fit with the periphery of the third sleeve, a plurality of third ratchet rings with the same inclination direction as the first ratchet ring and a plurality of third partition columns which are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction and penetrate through all the third ratchet rings are arranged on the third ratchet ring, the third partition columns partition all the third ratchet rings into a plurality of sections of third ratchet grooves distributed along the circumferential direction, and all the third ratchet grooves are meshed with the next adjacent second pressure-holding unlocking assembly; when the fifth shear pin is sheared by the third sleeve, a liquid column entering the first piston pressure holding cavity moves towards a direction away from the installation section through the second connecting ring, and the third ratchet ring and the adjacent second pressure holding unlocking component are separated from each other to be unlocked, so that the anchoring mechanism is driven to move towards the direction of the working section through all the unlocked second pressure holding unlocking components, the first pressure holding unlocking components and the first ratchet sleeve.
8. An integrated pipe string, comprising: a plurality of packers as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, and The packer comprises a plurality of pipe column modules, wherein all the pipe column modules and all the packers are sequentially and alternately connected to form an integrated pipe column, the integrated pipe column can be placed in a casing of a petroleum well, and all the packers can be switched between a setting state and a pressure-holding and deblocking state.
9. The integrated pipe column of claim 8, wherein the pipe column module comprises an oil pipe section, a leak-proof well flushing joint and a fracturing sliding sleeve which are sequentially communicated, wherein one end of the oil pipe section, which is far away from the leak-proof well flushing joint, is communicated with one packer, the fracturing sliding sleeve is communicated with the other packer, and a fracturing space can be formed between any two adjacent packers.
10. A method of well stratification operation, characterized by applying an integrated tubular string according to claim 8 or 9, comprising the steps of: drilling operation is carried out in a preset oil extraction area to obtain an operation well, wherein a sleeve is arranged in the operation well; The integrated pipe column is lowered into the operation well, an annulus is formed between the integrated pipe column and the sleeve, and the part of the integrated pipe column leaking out of the wellhead of the operation well is connected with an external wellhead device; Pressing the external wellhead device into the integrated tubular column and performing setting operation to divide the annulus into a plurality of fracturing spaces which are distributed at intervals along the extending direction of the operation well; And aiming at any fracturing space, throwing a ball into the first holding-down ball seat which is positioned below the fracturing space and adjacent to the fracturing space, so that layering operation is carried out on the corresponding fracturing space through the pipe column module.

Description

Packer, integrated tubular column and oil well layering operation method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum exploitation equipment, in particular to a packer, an integrated tubular column and an oil well layering operation method. Background The packer is a common device for flushing, separate water injection and separate oil pumping in oil well operation. In use, the packer is typically connected with other functional tubing sections and tubing to form a string from the well formed by the borehole down to the well, and after the packer has completed the setting operation, a corresponding downhole operation is performed. In performing a downhole operation using a string for an oil and gas well, it is often necessary to provide a packer in the string. In the prior art, when a common packer is used for setting operation, a ball is usually thrown into a pipe column, then pressure is suppressed, a hydraulic cylinder arranged on the packer moves in a pressure suppressing state, and a rubber cylinder and a slip extend out and are clamped on the inner wall of a casing pipe which is lowered into an oil-gas well in the drilling process. And in the unpacking stage, the method is usually completed by using a lifting pipe column. Although the setting and unsetting functions of the pipe column can be achieved through the mode, in the actual operation process, due to the fact that the pipe column is often provided with the plurality of packers, if the packer at a specific position needs to be unset, all packers above the specific position need to be unset in sequence, and therefore the whole unset process is difficult, and safety risks are increased. Disclosure of Invention The invention mainly aims to provide a packer, an integrated tubular column and an oil well layering operation method, and aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, in the actual operation process, because a plurality of packers are often arranged on the tubular column, if the packer at a specific position needs to be unpacked, all packers above the position need to be unpacked in sequence, so that the whole unpacking process is difficult, and the safety risk is increased. To achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a packer, including: The central tube comprises an integrally formed mounting section and a working section, wherein a plurality of rings of jet holes which are distributed at intervals and are in a blocking state in an initial state are arranged on the working section along the length direction of the central tube, one ring of jet holes is close to the mounting section, one end of the mounting section, which is far away from the working section, is in interference fit with a supporting seat, a hydraulic cylinder sleeve is arranged at one end of the working section, which is far away from the mounting section, a first blocking ball seat is arranged in a tube cavity at one end, which is far away from the working section, of the mounting section, and a second blocking ball seat is arranged at the junction of the mounting section and the working section; An anchoring mechanism sleeved on the periphery of the mounting section, one end of the anchoring mechanism is abutted with the abutting seat, the other end of the anchoring mechanism extends towards the working section, and The hydraulic pressure build-up unlocking mechanism is arranged on the working section and comprises an outer shell and a multi-stage hydraulic pressure build-up unlocking component, the outer shell is of a bellows-like structure, two ends of the outer shell are respectively connected with the hydraulic cylinder sleeve and the anchoring mechanism, the multi-stage hydraulic pressure build-up unlocking component is sleeved on the periphery of the working section, one end of the multi-stage hydraulic pressure build-up unlocking component is connected with the anchoring mechanism, the outer shell is sleeved on the periphery of the multi-stage hydraulic pressure build-up unlocking component, and a one-way valve capable of discharging gas in the outer shell is arranged on the outer shell; The hydraulic cylinder sleeve can push the hydraulic pressure holding unlocking mechanism to move towards the direction of the abutting seat when the first holding ball seat is in a first holding state, so that the anchoring mechanism is switched to an anchoring state from a releasing state, and the multistage hydraulic pressure holding unlocking component can be opened by a liquid column in the central tube close to the mounting section when the second holding ball seat is in a second holding state, the jet hole is arranged to enter the multistage hydraulic pressure holding unlocking component and is released step by step, and the anchoring mechanism is driven to move towards the direction of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve and is switched to the releasing state from the anchoring state. According to the