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CN-122014154-A - External expansion type packer for well cementation casing and use method

CN122014154ACN 122014154 ACN122014154 ACN 122014154ACN-122014154-A

Abstract

The invention relates to an external expansion packer of a well cementation sleeve and a use method thereof, wherein an opening and setting mechanism is arranged outside an inner pipe, the lower part of the opening mechanism is connected with the upper part of the setting mechanism, the upper part of the inner pipe is provided with a balance hole, the balance hole is communicated with the inner upper part of the opening mechanism, a rubber sleeve is sleeved outside the inner pipe, the upper part of the rubber sleeve is connected with the setting mechanism, the joint is kept sealed, the lower part of the rubber sleeve is fixed at the outer lower part of the inner pipe, and the inner wall of the lower part of the rubber sleeve is kept sealed with the outer wall of the inner pipe. The opening mechanism and the setting mechanism do not act in the well descending process, the well descending, slurry replacement, cement injection and cement replacement are smoothly carried out, the opening mechanism automatically starts to act after the cement is replaced, and then the setting mechanism is enabled to work, so that the rubber cylinder is expanded and set. The working procedure of high-pressure pressing setting is cancelled. The well cementation cement can not be jacked into the oil layer, can prevent the pollution of the oil layer, improves the well cementation quality, and can not cause the cement retention and consolidation accidents of the oil layer section in the well cementation process.

Inventors

  • LIU MINGHUA
  • LI GANG
  • ZHENG SHUAI
  • CHEN GUANYU

Assignees

  • 东营市汇诚石油工程技术有限责任公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260412

Claims (7)

  1. 1. The external expansion type packer for the well cementation casing is characterized by comprising an inner pipe (2), a rubber cylinder (8), an opening mechanism and a setting mechanism, wherein the opening mechanism and the setting mechanism are arranged outside the inner pipe (2), the lower part of the opening mechanism is connected with the upper part of the setting mechanism, a balance hole (2-2) is formed in the upper part of the inner pipe (2), the balance hole (2-2) is communicated with the inner upper part of the opening mechanism, the rubber cylinder (8) is sleeved outside the inner pipe (2), the upper part of the rubber cylinder (8) is connected with the setting mechanism, the joint is kept sealed, the lower part of the rubber cylinder (8) is fixed at the outer lower part of the inner pipe (2), the inner wall of the lower part of the rubber cylinder (8) is kept sealed with the outer wall of the inner pipe (2), the pressure in the casing is not transmitted to the setting mechanism through the opening mechanism during well running, cement replacement and cementing, and the pressure outside the casing can be transmitted to the opening mechanism.
  2. 2. The external expansion packer for well cementation casing according to claim 1, wherein the opening mechanism comprises an inner pipe (2) and a hydraulic sleeve (3), a reducing section (2-1) and an expanding section (2-3) are arranged at the upper part of the inner pipe (2), the reducing section (2-1) is arranged above the expanding section (2-3), the diameter of the reducing section (2-1) is smaller than that of the expanding section (2-3), the hydraulic sleeve (3) is sleeved at the upper part of the inner pipe (2), the inner upper part of the hydraulic sleeve (3) is matched with the reducing section (2-1), a gap is reserved between the inner part of the inner pipe (2) and the reducing section, the sealing element is arranged above the balancing hole (2-2), a gap is reserved between the inner lower part of the hydraulic sleeve (3) and the expanding section (2-3), the sealing element is arranged below the balancing hole (2-2), and the inner part of the hydraulic sleeve (3) is communicated with the balancing hole (2-3), and the inner part (2-3) is communicated with the balancing hole (0-3).
  3. 3. The external expansion packer for well cementation casing according to claim 1, wherein the setting mechanism comprises an inner pipe (2), a pin (4), an outer barrel (5) and a uniflow valve (6), the uniflow valve (6) is fixed on the outer wall of the inner pipe (2), the uniflow valve (6) and the inner pipe (2) are kept sealed, the outer barrel (5) is sleeved outside the uniflow valve (6), the lower part of the outer barrel (5) is connected with the upper part of a rubber barrel (8), the connection part is kept sealed, the upper part of the outer barrel (5) is connected with the lower part of a hydraulic sleeve (3) by the pin (4), the inner wall of the outer barrel (5) is matched with the outer wall of the uniflow valve (6), a gap between the inner pipe (2) and the outer barrel (5) is sealed by a sealing piece, an upper cavity (5-1) and a lower cavity (5-2) are formed, the upper cavity (5-1) is positioned above the uniflow valve (6), the lower cavity (5-2) is positioned below the uniflow valve (6), the lower cavity (5-2) is communicated with the upper part of the inner cavity (8) of the single flow valve (6), the sealing element between the outer wall of the hydraulic sleeve (3) and the inner wall of the outer cylinder (5) and the sealing element between the inner wall of the hydraulic sleeve (3) and the outer wall of the inner pipe (2) are used for sealing the upper part of the upper cavity (5-1), liquid in the upper cavity (5-1) can flow into the lower cavity (5-2) through the uniflow valve (6), and liquid in the lower cavity (5-2) cannot flow into the upper cavity (5-1).
  4. 4. The external expansion packer for well cementation casing according to claim 3, wherein the single flow valve (6) comprises a valve seat (6-1) and a valve body (6-2), the valve seat (6-1) is fixed on the inner pipe (2), sealing is kept between the valve seat (6-1) and the inner pipe (2), the valve body (6-2) is placed below the valve seat (6-1), the outer cylinder (5) is sleeved outside the valve body (6-2), a gap is reserved between the inner wall of the outer cylinder (5) and the outer wall of the valve body (6-2) in a sealing way, and when the valve seat (6-1) abuts against the valve body (6-2), liquid in the lower cavity (5-2) cannot flow into the upper cavity (5-1).
  5. 5. The external expansion packer for well cementation casing according to claim 4, wherein a spring (7) is arranged between the valve body (6-2) and the rubber sleeve (8), and the spring (7) supports the valve body (6-2) so that the upper end of the valve body (6-2) is propped against the lower end of the valve seat (6-1).
  6. 6. The external expansion packer for well cementation casing according to claim 2, wherein the hydraulic sleeve (3) comprises a sealing cylinder (3-1) and a connecting sleeve (3-2), the sealing cylinder (3-1) is sleeved at the upper part of the inner pipe (2), the inner upper part of the sealing cylinder (3-1) is matched with the reducing section (2-1), a gap between the sealing cylinder (3-1) and the reducing section is sealed by a sealing piece, the sealing piece is positioned above the balancing hole (2-2), the inner lower part of the sealing cylinder (3-1) is matched with the expanding section (2-3), a gap between the sealing piece and the sealing piece is positioned below the balancing hole (2-2), the reducing section (2-1) is communicated with the inner part of the sealing cylinder (3-1), the lower part of the sealing cylinder (3-1) is communicated with the communicating cavity (3-0), the inner lower part of the sealing cylinder (3-1) is connected with the upper part of the connecting sleeve (3-2) and the upper part of the connecting sleeve (3-2) is connected with the upper part of the connecting sleeve (5), the sealing element between the outer wall of the connecting sleeve (3-2) and the inner wall of the outer cylinder (5) and the sealing element between the inner wall of the connecting sleeve (3-2) and the outer wall of the inner tube (2) are used for sealing the upper part of the upper cavity (5-1), liquid in the upper cavity (5-1) can flow into the lower cavity (5-2) through the uniflow valve (6), and liquid in the lower cavity (5-2) cannot flow into the upper cavity (5-1).
  7. 7. Use of an external expansion packer for well cementing casing according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the use is as follows: (1) Setting well, replacing slurry, injecting well cementation cement and beating displacement fluid The method comprises the steps that a well cementation casing external expansion type packer is arranged at a designed position along with the casing, a well closing valve seat is arranged at the bottom of the casing, cleaning liquid is injected into the casing to replace slurry, well cementation cement is injected into the casing to circulate to the annular channel of the casing and the well wall, when the injected solid cement amount reaches a set amount, a matched setting rubber plug is injected into the casing, displacement fluid is injected into the casing, the displacement fluid pushes the matched setting rubber plug to move downwards, the matched setting rubber plug moves downwards to the bottom of the casing and closes the bottom of the casing together with the well closing valve seat, well cementation cement cannot return to the inside of the casing, at the moment, the well cementation cement is positioned in the annular channel of the casing and the well wall, and when the well cementation cement is moved downwards, replaced with slurry, injected with the well cementation cement and replaced with the displacement fluid, the internal pressure of the well cementation casing external expansion type packer is higher than the external pressure, and the annular channel of the casing and the well wall cannot be expanded, and the well cementation cement can be smoothly moved downwards, replaced with the cement cylinder (8); (2) External expansion packer setting for well cementation casing After the bottom of the sleeve is closed, the replacement liquid is stopped from being pumped into the sleeve, the internal pressure of the well cementation sleeve external expansion type packer is the liquid column pressure formed by the replacement liquid, the external pressure of the well cementation sleeve external expansion type packer is the liquid column pressure formed by the well cementation cement, the density of the well cementation cement is larger than that of the replacement liquid, the pressure difference formed by the density difference enables the hydraulic sleeve (3) to generate downward thrust, the pin (4) to be sheared, the hydraulic sleeve (3) descends to push the liquid in the upper cavity (5-1) downwards, the uniflow valve (6) is opened, the liquid in the upper cavity (5-1) is pushed into the rubber cylinder (8) through the lower cavity (5-2), the pressure in the rubber cylinder (8) is higher than the external pressure, the rubber cylinder (8) expands, the well cementation sleeve external expansion type packer is set, after the setting is closed, and the pressure in the rubber cylinder (8) is always higher than the external pressure, and the well cementation sleeve external expansion type packer is always set.

Description

External expansion type packer for well cementation casing and use method Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of oilfield completion engineering, and particularly relates to an external expansion type packer of a well cementation casing and a use method thereof. Background An external packer of a well cementation sleeve (called external packer for short) is an important tool for well cementation operation of an oil-gas well. In the process of drilling oil and gas wells, high-pressure and high-temperature oil and gas layers and formation water often exist in the stratum, and the formation fluid brings great potential safety hazards to downhole operation. The external packer has the functions of forming a packing and isolating barrier in the annular space between the outer side of the casing and the well wall of the well after the packer is set, preventing stratum fluid from flowing out of the ground from the stratum to the annular space of the well wall outside the casing under high pressure, ensuring the safety of subsequent underground operation, avoiding leakage of stratum fluid, protecting environment and protecting the casing on the upper part of the packer from corrosion fluid for oil and gas wells with high corrosion fluid. Especially, along with the deep development of unconventional oil and gas layers, the long-well horizontal well is increasingly widely applied, long-well and layered fracturing is improved, and the layered development requirement for preventing interlayer channeling is urgent. Because the expansion type packer has low setting pressure, large annular sealing contact area and good sealing effect, the main stream products of the external packer of the well cementation sleeve all adopt expansion type rubber sleeve structures in well cementation well completion of medium and shallow oil and gas reservoirs. In the construction process of the existing external pipe packer, the common working procedures are as follows: If the circulating pressure is higher than the starting pressure of the packer setting, the packer may be set before the packer is set in the process of setting, so that the packer and the whole set of pipe column are set into the resistance and cannot be set into the designed position. Positive circulation well flushing, replacing drilling mud, and cleaning annular space between a casing and a well wall; Pumping well cementation cement in a positive circulation pump, and circulating the well cementation cement into an annulus of a casing and a well wall; setting rubber plugs, and continuously displacing cement in the casing in a positive circulation manner; When the setting rubber plug touches the shear pin inside the external pipe packer, the shear pin is pressed and sheared in the sleeve, and the setting channel is opened, at this time, if the cement replacement is not smooth, the external pipe packer is often subjected to pressure and advanced setting, and an annulus between the sleeve and the well wall is sealed. The outside-pipe packer is positioned at the top of the oil and gas layer casing, and seals the annulus between the casing and the well wall after the outside-pipe packer is set, so that on one hand, the cementing cement at the lower part of the outside-pipe packer and in the casing is difficult to enter the annulus between the casing and the well wall through positive circulation, so that a large amount of cementing cement in the casing of the oil layer section is reserved, the reserved cement is solidified to form an oil layer section, the subsequent drilling and grinding are needed, the working load is large, and the cost is high, and on the other hand, if the reserved cement in the casing of the oil layer section is avoided, the reserved part of cementing cement can be hard jacked into the oil layer through high pressure, and the damage is that the oil layer is seriously polluted, so that the connectivity between the stratum and the well wall is greatly reduced, and the production of the oil well is influenced for a long time. Meanwhile, the external packer of the setting pipe is required to be additionally pressed from the inside of the casing, and is generally set once, if the pipe column is slightly wriggled in the cement consolidation process, the packer is arranged at different positions, and under the irregular well hole condition, the packing loss and the packing failure can occur. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims at solving the problems, and designs an external expansion type packer of a well cementation sleeve and a use method thereof, so that the external expansion type packer of the well cementation sleeve is prevented from setting in the well descending process, a tubular column is ensured to smoothly descend to a designed position, the accident that cement in an oil layer section sleeve stays and is solidified in the well cementation process is prevented from happening, the bad consequence that the well cement