CN-122014163-A - Low-permeability coal seam gas extraction equipment and method

CN122014163ACN 122014163 ACN122014163 ACN 122014163ACN-122014163-A

Abstract

The invention is applicable to the technical field of coal mine gas extraction, and provides low-permeability coal seam gas extraction equipment and a method, wherein the low-permeability coal seam gas extraction equipment comprises a base plate; the gas-liquid purifying device comprises a base plate, a box body fixed on the base plate, a gas extraction mechanism arranged on the box body, a driving mechanism and a filtering mechanism arranged in the box body, wherein the filtering mechanism is used for purifying the extracted gas-liquid mixture. According to the low-permeability coal seam gas extraction equipment and the low-permeability coal seam gas extraction method, the adaptability of the equipment to the low-permeability coal seam is integrally improved, the risk of collapse of operation procedures and drilling holes is reduced, and the low-permeability coal seam gas is efficiently extracted.

Inventors

ZHANG QING
YANG XUELIN
YANG WEI
QIAO YONGGANG
LI HAOJUN
ZHANG JIAXING
YAN FAZHI
LI ZIWEN
GAO YABIN
ZHANG HUAN

Assignees

太原理工大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260327

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a hypotonic coal seam gas drainage equipment which characterized in that includes: A base plate; the box body is fixed on the base plate and is provided with a gas extraction mechanism for extracting gas; the driving mechanism and the filtering mechanism are arranged in the box body; The filtering mechanism is used for purifying the extracted gas-liquid mixture.
2. A low permeability coal seam gas extraction apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein the extraction mechanism comprises: The mounting seat is arranged on the box body and is adjustable in height; the power rod is rotatably arranged on the mounting seat through a bearing, and a thread groove is formed in the front end of the power rod and used for mounting a drill rod; And the water channel and the air channel are arranged on the power rod.
3. A low permeability coal seam gas extraction apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the extraction mechanism further comprises an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the height of the mounting base, the adjustment mechanism: the first electric hydraulic rod is fixed on the partition plate; The adjusting frame is fixed on the first electric hydraulic rod push rod, and the top of the adjusting frame is fixedly connected with the corresponding mounting seat; The pipe frame is fixed on the adjusting frame, and a double-channel rotary joint is fixed on the pipe frame; the second communicating pipe is fixedly communicated with the air inlet end of the double-channel rotary joint; the second telescopic pipe is fixedly communicated with the air outlet end of the double-channel rotary joint; The air inlet end of the extraction pump is fixedly communicated with the second telescopic pipe; the guide plate is slidably arranged in the box body, and the top end of the guide plate is fixedly connected with the corresponding mounting seat.
4. A low permeability coal seam gas extraction apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the filtering means comprises: A gas-water separator fixed on the partition plate; The air guide pipe is fixedly communicated with the air inlet end of the air-water separator, and the air inlet end of the air guide pipe is fixedly communicated with the air outlet end of the extraction pump; The air outlet pipe is fixedly communicated with the air outlet end of the gas-water separator and is used for being connected with a gas conveying pipeline.
5. A low permeability coal seam gas extraction apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the drive mechanism comprises: The spline tube is rotatably arranged in the box body through a bearing seat; The spline rod is rotatably arranged on the adjusting frame through a bearing, and the bottom end of the spline rod is inserted into the spline tube; the motor is fixed in the box body and the speed regulator, and an output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with an input shaft of the speed regulator through a coupler; The first bevel gears are respectively fixed on the output shaft of the speed regulator and the spline tube and meshed with each other; the second bevel gears are respectively fixed on the spline rod and the power rod and meshed with each other; and two fourth bevel gears which are respectively fixed on the spline tube and the input shaft of the extraction pump and meshed with each other.
6. A low permeability coal seam gas extraction apparatus according to claim 5, wherein a water supply mechanism is provided in the tank for supplying water for drilling, the water supply mechanism comprising: The water outlet of the water guide shell is fixedly communicated with the water inlet end of the double-channel rotary joint through a water guide pipe and a first telescopic pipe; The water outlet end of the double-channel rotary joint is fixedly communicated with the water channel through a first communication pipe; A rotating rod arranged in the water guide shell is rotated through a sealing bearing; an impeller fixed on the rotating rod; The third bevel gears are respectively fixed on the rotating rod and the spline tube and meshed with each other; And the water inlet pipe is fixedly communicated with the water inlet end of the water guide shell and is used for being connected with an external water supply pipeline.
7. The low permeability coal seam gas drainage apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a positioning mechanism is arranged in the box body, the positioning mechanism comprises a second electric hydraulic rod, an assembly plate and a positioning plate, the second electric hydraulic rod is fixed in the box body, the bottom end of a push rod of the second electric hydraulic rod is fixedly connected with the assembly plate, the positioning plate is fixed at the bottom of the assembly plate, and the bottom end of the positioning plate is conical and is used for being inserted into a gangue layer to realize equipment positioning.
8. A low permeability coal seam gas drainage apparatus according to claim 1 wherein a connecting seat is fixed at the tail of the base plate for mounting a steel wire rope, and a pluggable pin is provided on the connecting seat.
9. A low permeability coal seam gas drainage apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the base plate is symmetrically secured to a base frame, and rail wheels are rotatably mounted on the base frame for movement along the rails.
10. A method of a low permeability coal seam gas extraction installation as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprising the steps of: erecting a track wheel on a bottom frame at the bottom of a base plate on a preset track, installing a steel wire rope through a connecting seat at the tail of the base plate, inserting a pin rod for fixing, and lowering equipment to an inclined mine channel by means of the steel wire rope until reaching a designated extraction point, stopping lowering and fixing the rope; Step two, mounting the screw thread of the extension drill rod on the screw thread at the front end of the power rod, ensuring that a water channel on the drill rod is aligned with the water channel of the power rod, enabling the air channel of the drill rod to be communicated with the air channel of the power rod, and mounting the screw thread of the drill bit provided with the air hole and the water hole at the front end of the extension drill rod; Starting a second electric hydraulic rod, wherein a push rod of the second electric hydraulic rod extends to drive the assembly plate to descend, so that a conical structure at the bottom end of the positioning plate at the bottom of the assembly plate is inserted into the coal gangue layer, and closing the second electric hydraulic rod after equipment positioning is finished; Step four, starting a first electric hydraulic rod according to extraction requirements, wherein a push rod of the first electric hydraulic rod rises to drive an adjusting frame to rise, the first electric hydraulic rod rises synchronously with a pipe frame, a spline rod and a guide plate which are fixed by the adjusting frame, the mounting seat at the top end of the guide plate adjusts the height along with the pipe frame, the spline rod and the guide plate, and the first electric hydraulic rod is closed after the power rod reaches a proper drilling height; Step five, connecting a water inlet pipe with an external water supply pipeline, connecting an air outlet pipe with a gas conveying pipeline, ensuring that each pipeline is connected and sealed, and checking that the one-way valve and the electromagnetic valve are in a normal working state; starting a motor, wherein the motor drives a speed regulator to operate through a coupler, a first bevel gear on an output shaft of the speed regulator is meshed with a first bevel gear on a spline tube, the spline tube is driven to rotate, and a spline rod synchronously rotates along with the spline tube; A second bevel gear at the top end of the spline rod is meshed with a second bevel gear on the power rod to drive the power rod, the extension drill rod and the drill bit to rotate, and the drill bit is pushed to move forwards along the track in the rotating process of the drill bit so as to drill into the low-permeability coal layer; When the spline tube rotates, a third bevel gear on the spline tube is meshed with a third bevel gear on the rotating rod, the rotating rod and the impeller in the water guide shell are driven to rotate to generate negative pressure, an external water source enters the water guide shell through the water inlet pipe, sequentially passes through the first telescopic pipe, the double-channel rotary joint and the first communication pipe to enter a water channel of the power rod, and then flows out of a drill bit water hole through the drill bit water channel to cool the drill bit; Step nine, two fourth bevel gears on the spline tube are meshed with two fourth bevel gears on an input shaft of the extraction pump, the extraction pump is driven to operate, a gas-liquid mixture in the coal layer enters the extraction pump through a drill bit air hole, a drill rod air passage, an air passage of a power rod, a second communicating pipe, a double-channel rotary joint and a second telescopic tube, and then the extraction pump sends the gas-liquid mixture into a gas-water separator through an air duct; Step ten, a gas-water separator separates the gas-liquid mixture, and the separated gas is discharged into a gas conveying pipeline through a gas outlet pipe; And step eleven, after the gas extraction is finished, the motor is closed, a second electric hydraulic rod is reversely started to enable the locating plate to be separated from the gangue layer, equipment is recovered to a specified position along the track through a steel wire rope, and the drill bit, the extension drill rod and each pipeline are disassembled to finish the extraction operation.

Description

Low-permeability coal seam gas extraction equipment and method Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine gas extraction, and particularly relates to low-permeability coal seam gas extraction equipment and method. Background The permeability of the low permeability coal seam is generally lower than 1 multiplied by 10 -15m2, and the low permeability coal seam has the characteristics of low porosity, poor pore connectivity, strong gas adsorption capacity, large desorption and migration resistance, poor permeability and the like, so that the gas extraction efficiency is low, the extraction period is long, the difficulty of reaching the extraction standard is high, and the low permeability coal seam becomes the core problem faced by the prevention and control of coal mine gas disasters and the utilization of gas recycling extraction. The gas extraction equipment plays a key role in preventing the gas disaster of the low permeability coal seam, guaranteeing the safe exploitation of coal and the like, however, the prior equipment still needs to be improved in the aspects of the cooperativity of drilling operation and gas extraction, the rationality of fluid transportation and the like. The traditional drill rod only has the drilling and cutting functions, a fluid conveying channel is not integrated, water supply and slag discharge in the drilling process and later gas guide and delivery are mutually independent, equipment is required to be disassembled for multiple times to switch working procedures, and the operation efficiency is low. Frequent disassembly and assembly easily cause disturbance to the hole wall, induce borehole collapse, and especially have insufficient adaptability under fragile geological conditions such as hypotonic coal seams. Therefore, how to improve the adaptability of the gas extraction equipment and realize the efficient extraction of the gas of the low-permeability coal seam has become the technical problem to be solved in the current urgent need. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a low-permeability coal seam gas extraction device and a low-permeability coal seam gas extraction method, and aims to solve the problems of how to improve the adaptability of the gas extraction device and realize the efficient extraction of low-permeability coal seam gas due to the geological features and gas occurrence and migration characteristics of the low-permeability coal seam. The invention discloses low-permeability coal seam gas extraction equipment, which comprises a base plate, a box body fixed on the base plate, an extraction mechanism for extracting gas, a driving mechanism and a filtering mechanism, wherein the extraction mechanism is arranged in the box body, and the filtering mechanism is used for purifying an extracted gas-liquid mixture. Preferably, the extraction mechanism comprises an installation seat which is arranged on the box body and has adjustable height, a power rod which is rotatably arranged on the installation seat through a bearing, a thread groove which is arranged at the front end of the power rod and is used for installing a drill rod, and a water channel and an air channel which are arranged on the power rod. Preferably, the extraction mechanism further comprises an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the height of the mounting seat, wherein the adjusting mechanism comprises a partition plate fixed in the box body, a first electric hydraulic rod fixed on the partition plate, an adjusting frame fixed on the first electric hydraulic rod push rod, a pipe support fixed on the adjusting frame, a double-channel rotary joint fixed on the pipe support, a second communicating pipe fixedly communicated with the air inlet end of the double-channel rotary joint, a second telescopic pipe fixedly communicated with the air outlet end of the double-channel rotary joint, an extraction pump fixed on the partition plate, the air inlet end of the extraction pump is fixedly communicated with the second telescopic pipe, a guide plate slidably mounted in the box body, and the top end of the guide plate is fixedly connected with the corresponding mounting seat. Preferably, the filtering mechanism comprises a gas-water separator fixed on the partition plate, an air guide pipe fixedly connected to the air inlet end of the gas-water separator, an air outlet pipe fixedly connected to the air outlet end of the extraction pump and used for connecting a gas conveying pipeline, and a gas outlet pipe fixedly connected to the air outlet end of the gas-water separator. Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a spline tube rotatably arranged in the box body through a bearing seat, a spline rod rotatably arranged on the adjusting frame through a bearing, a motor and a speed regulator fixed in the box body, a first bevel gear respectively fixed on the output shaft of the speed regulator and the spline tube and meshed with each other, a second bevel gear respectively