CN-122014224-A - Well cementation quality evaluation and annular medium propagation speed determination method and device

CN122014224ACN 122014224 ACN122014224 ACN 122014224ACN-122014224-A

Abstract

The application provides a method and equipment for well cementation quality evaluation and annular medium propagation speed determination, which belong to the field of well cementation quality evaluation, wherein the determination method comprises the following steps: acquiring waveform data received at different positions of a current depth point based on oblique incidence ultrasonic logging, wherein the waveform data comprises lamb wave full-wave waveforms received by receivers positioned at different depths of the well; and determining the propagation speed of the annular medium corresponding to the current depth point based on the logging parameter and the average propagation time corresponding to the current depth point. By the method provided by the application, the loss of azimuth cement can be identified by solely depending on the propagation speed of annular medium, and then the evaluation of the first and second interfaces of well cementation quality is realized.

Inventors

ZHU LEI
TIAN LONGMEI
Chen Yunshun
GUO YUNLONG
NI XIAOWEI
SHUAI SHICHEN
CHEN YONGHENG
LIU XIANYUAN
GUO QINGBIN
QI XINZHONG
YUAN SHIJUN
GE SHENGQUAN
LUO WEIPING
CHEN XUELIAN
CHENG FENG

Assignees

中国石油天然气股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20241111

Claims (16)

1. A method of determining the propagation velocity of an annular medium, the method comprising: acquiring waveform data received at different positions of a current depth point based on oblique incidence ultrasonic logging, wherein the waveform data comprises lamb wave full-wave waveforms received by receivers positioned at different depths of the well; determining the average propagation time of the reflected wave corresponding to the current depth point in the annular medium based on the waveform data received by the current depth point at different orientations; and determining the annular medium propagation speed corresponding to the current depth point based on the logging parameter corresponding to the current depth point and the average propagation time.
2. The method for determining the propagation velocity of an annular medium according to claim 1, wherein determining the average propagation time of the reflected wave corresponding to the current depth point in the annular medium based on the waveform data received at the current depth point at different orientations comprises: Determining full-wave waveforms to be processed of the current depth point at different positions based on waveform data received by the current depth point at different positions; determining arrival time differences between direct waves and reflected waves corresponding to the current depth point at different positions based on full-wave waveforms to be processed of the current depth point at different positions; and carrying out average calculation on arrival time differences between the direct wave and the reflected wave corresponding to the current depth point at different positions to obtain the average propagation time of the reflected wave corresponding to the current depth point in the annular medium.
3. The method of determining the propagation velocity of an annular medium according to claim 2, wherein the determining the full wave waveform to be processed for the current depth point at the different locations based on the waveform data received for the current depth point at the different locations comprises: Comparing distances between different receivers and transmitters; the lamb wave full-wave waveform received by the receiver furthest from the transmitter is determined as the full-wave waveform to be processed with the current depth point at a different location.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein determining the arrival time difference between the direct wave and the reflected wave corresponding to the current depth point at different orientations based on the full wave waveform to be processed of the current depth point at different orientations comprises: Respectively carrying out waveform processing on the full-wave waveforms to be processed of the current depth point at different positions to obtain full-wave waveform envelope curves corresponding to the current depth point at different positions; Determining direct wave envelope peaks and reflected wave envelope peaks corresponding to the current depth point at different positions based on full-wave waveform envelopes corresponding to the current depth point at different positions; and respectively performing difference operation on the arrival time of the direct wave envelope wave crest corresponding to the current depth point at different positions and the arrival time of the reflected wave envelope wave crest to obtain the arrival time difference between the direct wave and the reflected wave corresponding to the current depth point at different positions.
5. The method of determining the propagation velocity of an annular medium according to claim 4, wherein the waveform processing is a hilbert transform.
6. The method for determining the propagation velocity of an annular medium according to claim 1, wherein the determining the propagation velocity of the annular medium corresponding to the current depth point based on the logging parameter corresponding to the current depth point and the average propagation time comprises: determining the annular thickness corresponding to the current depth point based on the logging parameters; determining the direct wave phase speed corresponding to the current depth point based on the waveform data received by the current depth point at different orientations; And determining the annular medium propagation speed corresponding to the current depth point based on the annular thickness, the direct wave phase speed and the average propagation time corresponding to the current depth point.
7. The method for determining the propagation velocity of an annular medium according to claim 6, wherein, Determining the propagation speed of the annular medium corresponding to the current depth point according to the following formula: (CAL-D)/(cosθ*V case )-2CAL*tanθ/V phase =ΔT, θ=arcsin(V case /V phase ); Wherein V phase is the propagation speed of annular medium between the sleeve corresponding to the current depth point and the stratum, V case is the phase speed of bending lamb wave in the sleeve corresponding to the current depth point, θ is the refraction angle from the sleeve corresponding to the current depth point to the annular medium, CAL is the borehole diameter value measured by the open hole corresponding to the current depth point, D is the sleeve outer diameter value corresponding to the current depth point, and DeltaT is the average propagation time of reflected wave received by the current depth point in the annular medium.
8. The method of determining the propagation velocity of an annular medium according to claim 1, further comprising: and carrying out azimuth imaging on the annular medium propagation speed corresponding to each depth point in the target depth section to obtain an annular medium propagation speed imaging result of the target depth section.
9. The well cementation quality evaluation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: Obtaining the annular medium propagation velocity of the target depth segment by adopting the annular medium propagation velocity determination method of any one of claims 1-8; Determining the type of the annular medium of the target depth segment based on the annular medium propagation speed of the target depth segment; And determining a cementing interface cementing quality evaluation result of the target depth section based on the annular medium type of the target depth section.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein determining the type of annular medium for the target depth zone based on the annular medium propagation velocity for the target depth zone comprises: Comparing the annular medium propagation speed of the target depth segment with a first speed threshold value and a second speed threshold value respectively; if the annular medium propagation speed of the target depth segment is smaller than the first speed threshold value, determining the type of the annular medium of the target depth segment as drilling fluid; If the annular medium propagation speed of the target depth segment is between the first speed threshold value and the second speed threshold value, determining the annular medium type of the target depth segment as polluted cement; If the annular medium propagation speed of the target depth section is greater than the second speed threshold, determining the annular medium type of the target depth section as pure cement; Wherein the first speed threshold is less than the second speed threshold.
11. The method of claim 9, wherein determining the type of annular medium for the target depth zone based on the annular medium propagation velocity for the target depth zone comprises: Acquiring an acoustic characteristic interpretation chart of an experimental sample, wherein the experimental sample comprises pure cement, polluted cement and drilling fluid; And comparing the propagation speed of the annular medium of the target depth section with an acoustic characteristic interpretation chart of the experimental sample, and determining the type of the annular medium of the target depth section.
12. An annular medium propagation velocity determination apparatus, characterized in that the annular medium propagation velocity determination apparatus comprises: The data acquisition module is used for acquiring waveform data received by the current depth point at different positions based on oblique incidence ultrasonic logging, wherein the waveform data comprises lamb wave full-wave waveforms received by receivers positioned at different depths of a well; The propagation time determining module is used for determining the average propagation time of the reflected wave corresponding to the current depth point in the annular medium based on the waveform data received by the current depth point at different positions; And the first speed determining module is used for determining the annular medium propagation speed corresponding to the current depth point based on the logging parameter corresponding to the current depth point and the average propagation time.
13. A well cementation quality evaluation device, characterized in that the well cementation quality evaluation device comprises: A second speed determining module, configured to obtain an annular medium propagation speed of the target depth segment by using the annular medium propagation speed determining method according to any one of claims 1 to 8; the annular medium type determining module is used for determining the annular medium type of the target depth section based on the annular medium propagation speed of the target depth section; And the well cementation quality evaluation module is used for determining a well cementation interface cementation quality evaluation result of the target depth section based on the annular medium type of the target depth section.
14. An electronic device comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores at least one computer program, the at least one computer program being loaded and executed by one or more of the processors to cause the processor to perform the method of determining the propagation velocity of an annular medium as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 or to perform the method of evaluating the quality of cementing as claimed in any one of claims 9 to 11.
15. A computer-readable storage medium storing at least one program code loaded and executed by a processor to cause a computer to perform the annular medium propagation velocity determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 or to perform the cementing quality evaluation method according to any one of claims 9 to 11.
16. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method of determining the propagation velocity of an annular medium according to any one of claims 1 to 8, or performs the method of evaluating the quality of cementing according to any one of claims 9 to 11.

Description

Well cementation quality evaluation and annular medium propagation speed determination method and device Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of well cementation quality evaluation, in particular to a method for determining the propagation speed of an annular medium, a device for determining the propagation speed of the annular medium, a well cementation quality evaluation method, a well cementation quality evaluation device, electronic equipment, a computer-readable storage medium and a computer program product. Background With the development of oil and gas exploration in China gradually developing to ultra-deep stratum, the high-temperature and high-pressure environment makes cement extremely susceptible to a high-pressure permeable layer in the process of waiting for solidification. The cement sheath defect caused in the well cementation process can affect the intensity safety of the sleeve, so how to determine the cement sheath defect between the sleeve and the stratum is very important for evaluating the well cementation quality of deep and ultra-deep wells. At present, acoustic logging is the most important means for evaluating the quality of well cementation. However, in the process of realizing the application, the inventor finds that the prior art at least has the following problems that the conventional well cementation quality evaluation method such as sound wave amplitude logging (CBL) and sound wave Variable Density Logging (VDL) is difficult to accurately evaluate the quality of the well cementation quality two interfaces, and the ultrasonic lamb wave well cementation quality evaluation method adopting the combination of acoustic impedance measurement and A0 bending lamb wave attenuation measurement can accurately evaluate the well cementation quality two interfaces, but the implementation process is complicated, the well cementation quality evaluation can be performed only after the attenuation rate, the acoustic impedance of medium inside and outside the sleeve and other parameters are determined through a series of complex calculation processes, and the detection efficiency is low. For example, china patent publication No. CN115992691A, publication No. 2023 and 4, proposes a method and a device for detecting well cementation quality based on ultrasonic lamb waves, wherein the method comprises the steps of obtaining a first ultrasonic lamb wave signal received by a first receiver and obtaining a second ultrasonic lamb wave signal received by a second receiver, calculating first wave energy of zero-order symmetrical lamb waves of the first ultrasonic lamb wave signal in a first time window, and calculating second wave energy of zero-order symmetrical lamb waves of the second ultrasonic lamb wave signal in a second time window, calculating attenuation rate of the zero-order symmetrical lamb waves according to the first wave energy, the second wave energy, the first distance and the second distance, comparing the attenuation rate with a pre-generated attenuation rate threshold, and determining medium properties outside a casing according to comparison results. Although the method simplifies the well cementation quality detection process and does not need to combine acoustic impedance information and attenuation rate to realize well cementation quality evaluation, the solving process related to the attenuation rate is still complex, more calculation resources and time are possibly needed to process the complex, and timeliness and efficiency of well cementation quality evaluation are affected. In summary, how to simply and rapidly realize the well cementation quality evaluation based on ultrasonic lamb waves becomes a problem to be solved. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the technical problems that in the prior art, the implementation process of a well cementation quality evaluation method based on ultrasonic lamb waves is complicated, so that the well cementation quality is difficult to evaluate simply and rapidly, the application provides an annular medium propagation speed determination method, and the annular medium propagation speed between a casing and a stratum can be calculated simply and rapidly by adopting the method, so that the type of the annular medium between the casing and the stratum can be evaluated rapidly. In addition, the application also provides a well cementation quality evaluation method, and the method can be used for identifying the loss of azimuth cement by solely depending on the propagation speed of annular medium, so as to realize the evaluation of the first and second interfaces of well cementation quality. In order to achieve the purpose, the first aspect of the application provides an annular medium propagation speed determining method, which comprises the following steps of acquiring waveform data received by a current depth point at different positions based on oblique incidence ultrasonic logging, wherein the waveform data comprise