CN-122014262-A - Device and method for improving microwave exploitation efficiency of moon water ice

CN122014262ACN 122014262 ACN122014262 ACN 122014262ACN-122014262-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for improving the microwave exploitation efficiency of lunar water ice, and belongs to the technical field of in-situ exploitation of extra-ground water ice. The device comprises a multifunctional drilling unit, an air pressure reconstruction unit, a multifunctional heating unit and a moisture collection and storage unit, wherein the multifunctional drilling unit is used for drilling frozen lunar soil, the multifunctional drilling unit is also used for providing a sealing environment for the frozen lunar soil extracted by drilling, the air pressure reconstruction unit is used for setting a pressure environment for the frozen lunar soil in the multifunctional drilling unit according to preset requirements, the multifunctional heating unit is used for heating the frozen lunar soil in the multifunctional drilling unit under the pressure environment set by the air pressure reconstruction unit so as to enable the frozen lunar soil in the multifunctional drilling unit to generate liquid water, the liquid water is used as a microwave absorption and heat conduction carrier to enable ice in the frozen lunar soil to melt and vaporize, and the moisture collection and storage unit is used for collecting and storing water vapor generated by the melting and vaporizing of the ice in the frozen lunar soil in the multifunctional drilling unit.

Inventors

LI ZHENGWEI
ZHANG LIXIN
FENG XIATING
SONG HAIMING

Assignees

东北大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260203

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a device for improving moon water ice microwave exploitation efficiency which characterized in that includes: the multifunctional drilling unit is used for drilling frozen lunar soil and also used for providing a sealing environment for the frozen lunar soil extracted by drilling; the air pressure reconstruction unit is used for setting a pressure environment for frozen lunar soil in the multifunctional drilling unit according to preset requirements; The multifunctional heating unit is used for heating frozen lunar soil in the multifunctional drilling unit under the pressure environment set by the air pressure reconstruction unit so as to enable the frozen lunar soil in the multifunctional drilling unit to generate liquid water, and the liquid water is used as a microwave absorption and heat conduction carrier to enable ice in the frozen lunar soil to be melted and vaporized; The water collecting and storing unit is used for collecting and storing water vapor generated by melting and vaporizing ice in frozen lunar soil in the multifunctional drilling unit.
2. The device for improving the microwave exploitation efficiency of the ice water on the moon, as set forth in claim 1, is characterized in that the multifunctional drilling unit comprises an air drill barrel, a driving motor, a rotating motor and a ring cutter disc, wherein the driving motor is in transmission connection with the air drill barrel, saw teeth are fixedly arranged at one end of the air drill barrel, which is far away from the driving motor, of the air drill barrel, the rotating motor and the ring cutter disc are embedded into the inner wall of the air drill barrel, and the rotating motor is in transmission connection with the ring cutter disc so as to enable a cutter disc on the ring cutter disc to be rotationally closed, and a sealing environment is provided for drilling the extracted frozen lunar soil.
3. The device for improving the microwave exploitation efficiency of the ice water of the moon according to claim 2, wherein the ring cutter disc comprises a fixed plate, rolling bodies, a rotating shaft and a cutter disc, the fixed plate is fixed in the hollow drill cylinder and is away from the saw teeth by a preset length, the fixed plate is parallel to the plane where the saw teeth are located, a preset groove is formed in the fixed plate, the rolling bodies are arranged in the groove, the rolling bodies rotate along the groove along with the rotating motor, the rotating shaft penetrates through the rolling bodies, and the cutter disc is nested on the rotating shaft so as to enable the cutter disc to rotate along with the rotating shaft.
4. The device for improving the microwave exploitation efficiency of the moon water ice according to claim 1, wherein the air pressure reconstructing unit consists of a helium tank, a negative pressure machine, an air inlet and outlet valve and a pressure gauge, wherein the helium tank is positioned above the hollow drill cylinder and is connected with the negative pressure machine and the air inlet and outlet valve, the pressure gauge is positioned inside the hollow drill cylinder so as to monitor the internal environmental pressure of the hollow drill cylinder, the air inlet and outlet valve is connected with the internal of the hollow drill cylinder and the helium tank, and the negative pressure machine is connected with the helium tank.
5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the multi-functional heating unit comprises an electric heating plate, a temperature sensor, a solid state microwave source and a microwave radiation port, the electric heating plate is located inside the hollow drill barrel, the temperature sensor is arranged on the surface of the ring cutter disc away from the saw teeth, and the solid state microwave source radiates microwave energy into the hollow drill barrel through the microwave radiation port.
6. The apparatus for improving microwave exploitation efficiency of ice water in moon water according to claim 1, wherein the water collecting and storing unit is composed of a water collecting pipe and a cold trap, and the water collecting pipe is connected with the interior of the hollow drill cylinder and the cold trap.
7. A method for improving the efficiency of microwave exploitation of lunar water ice, comprising the steps of: Controlling the multifunctional drilling unit to drill frozen lunar soil according to preset parameters, and controlling the multifunctional drilling unit to provide a sealing environment for drilling the extracted frozen lunar soil when the multifunctional drilling unit drills to a target position corresponding to the preset parameters; controlling the air pressure reconstruction unit according to a preset air pressure value so that the extracted frozen lunar soil is in a sealed environment with the preset air pressure value; Heating frozen lunar soil in a sealed environment with a preset air pressure value through a multifunctional heating unit to enable the frozen lunar soil in the multifunctional drilling unit to generate liquid water, and melting and vaporizing ice in the frozen lunar soil by taking the liquid water as a microwave absorption and heat conduction carrier; And collecting and storing water vapor generated by melting and vaporizing ice in the frozen lunar soil in the multifunctional drilling unit through a water collecting and storing unit.
8. The method for improving the efficiency of microwave exploitation of ice water on moon according to claim 7, wherein the step of heating frozen lunar soil in a sealed environment with a preset air pressure value by a multifunctional heating unit comprises the steps of: Heating the frozen lunar soil in the sealed environment with the preset air pressure value in an electric heating mode, so that the frozen lunar soil in the sealed environment with the preset air pressure value generates liquid water; When the temperature sensor in the multifunctional heating unit detects that the temperature of the frozen lunar soil in the sealed environment with the preset air pressure value reaches the preset value, the frozen lunar soil containing liquid water is heated in a microwave heating mode, and steam is generated.

Description

Device and method for improving microwave exploitation efficiency of moon water ice Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of in-situ exploitation of extra-ground water ice, in particular to a device and a method for improving the microwave exploitation efficiency of moon water ice. Background The in-situ development and utilization of lunar water ice resources are of great significance for sustainable development of deep space exploration. The moon water ice resources are mostly assigned to permanent shadow areas near the moon area, and the means for developing and utilizing the moon water ice resources mainly comprise off-site exploitation and in-situ exploitation. The off-site exploitation means that ice-containing lunar soil is stripped from a permanent shadow pit by means of mechanical drilling, excavation and the like and is transported into a special closed cavity for water resource extraction, and the method has high energy consumption in the transportation process. In-situ exploitation means that water resources are directly extracted at water ice occurrence points by utilizing an in-situ heating mode, the method can directly produce the water resources, and in-situ heating mainly comprises induction heating, resistance heating, microwave heating and solar heating, wherein the microwave heating has the advantages of selective heating and volume heating compared with other heating modes. On earth, the engineering field often uses microwave technology to soften frozen soil, and its high efficiency is critical in that at standard atmospheric pressure, melted ice will be instantaneously converted into liquid water, the liquid water has a dielectric loss factor of Yu Bing, the dielectric constant and loss factor of ice are low, and a large amount of microwave energy will directly penetrate through the ice body and not be absorbed. Liquid water can absorb microwave energy more efficiently and convert it into heat energy. Meanwhile, the fluidity of the liquid water is high, heat can be quickly conducted to the surrounding ice layer which is not melted yet, hot spots are formed, and the melting range is enlarged. The phase change from solid to liquid and the excellent microwave absorption of liquid water together form a self-reinforced high-efficiency thermal cycle, so that microwave energy can be quickly and deeply spread in frozen soil instead of just staying on the surface layer. However, in the moon region where the ice rich in water is stored, the ice is not melted into liquid water after being heated by microwaves due to the extremely low surface air pressure of the moon, but is sublimated directly into a gaseous state, and is instantaneously dissipated. The efficient secondary heat source and the heat conducting medium which are liquid water cannot be formed, a large amount of latent heat is taken away, the energy utilization efficiency is extremely low, and the heating process is slow. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above, the invention provides a device and a method for improving the microwave exploitation efficiency of lunar water ice, which are used for solving the problems of low energy utilization efficiency and slow heating process of a microwave heating technology in the lunar water ice exploitation process. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a device for improving the efficiency of microwave exploitation of lunar water ice, comprising: the multifunctional drilling unit is used for drilling frozen lunar soil and also used for providing a sealing environment for the frozen lunar soil extracted by drilling; the air pressure reconstruction unit is used for setting a pressure environment for frozen lunar soil in the multifunctional drilling unit according to preset requirements; The multifunctional heating unit is used for heating frozen lunar soil in the multifunctional drilling unit under the pressure environment set by the air pressure reconstruction unit so as to enable the frozen lunar soil in the multifunctional drilling unit to generate liquid water, and the liquid water is used as a microwave absorption and heat conduction carrier to enable ice in the frozen lunar soil to be melted and vaporized; The water collecting and storing unit is used for collecting and storing water vapor generated by melting and vaporizing ice in frozen lunar soil in the multifunctional drilling unit. The multifunctional drilling unit comprises an empty drill cylinder, a driving motor, a rotating motor and a ring cutter disc, wherein the driving motor is in transmission connection with the empty drill cylinder, saw teeth are fixedly arranged at one end, far away from the driving motor, of the empty drill cylinder, the rotating motor and the ring cutter disc are embedded into the inner wall of the empty drill cylinder, and the rotating motor is in transmission connection with the ring cutter disc, so that a cutter disc on the ring cutter disc is rota