CN-122014308-A - Intelligent anchoring system for slow-bonding pressure type anchor rod and regulation and control monitoring method thereof

CN122014308ACN 122014308 ACN122014308 ACN 122014308ACN-122014308-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering anchoring, and provides a slow-bonding pressure type intelligent anchoring system for an anchor rod and a regulating and monitoring method thereof. The pile/anchor rod self-adaptive matching device comprises a sensing unit, an analysis decision unit and an execution unit, wherein the sensing unit comprises a plurality of stress sensors which are integrated on the pile/anchor rod and are used for collecting stress strain of the pile/anchor rod, the analysis decision unit comprises edge calculation nodes which are arranged in the pile/anchor rod and are used for carrying out real-time processing and feature extraction on sensing data of the sensing unit to realize regulation and control parameter calculation, and the execution unit comprises a hydraulic servo tensioning mechanism which is used for carrying out fine adjustment on prestress of the pile/anchor rod to realize self-adaptive matching of rigidity of the pile/anchor rod and deformation of a rock-soil body. The system integrates sensing, analysis and decision making, and realizes real-time sensing and dynamic optimization regulation of the anchoring performance.

Inventors

HAN KAI
MAO ZONGYUAN
LIU XIAOLI
LI QUANMING
GENG CHAO
WANG WENZHAO
YANG SHUAI
Yu Zemengli
LIU LIANG

Assignees

中国建筑科学研究院有限公司
中国建筑技术集团有限公司
西藏农牧大学
北方工业大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260327

Claims (10)

1. An intelligent anchoring system of a slow-bonding pressure type anchor rod is characterized by comprising a sensing unit, an analysis decision unit and an execution unit, wherein, The sensing unit comprises a plurality of stress sensors (7) which are integrated on the pile/anchor rod (5) and are used for collecting stress strain of the pile/anchor rod (5); The analysis decision unit comprises edge calculation nodes (9) which are arranged in the piles/anchor rods (5), and the edge calculation nodes (9) are used for carrying out real-time processing and feature extraction on the perception data of the perception unit so as to realize regulation and control parameter calculation; The execution unit comprises a hydraulic servo tensioning mechanism (6) for finely adjusting the prestress of the pile/anchor rod (5) so as to realize the self-adaptive matching of the rigidity of the pile/anchor rod (5) and the deformation of a rock-soil body.
2. A slow bonding pressure type rock bolt intelligent anchoring system according to claim 1, wherein said sensing unit further comprises a plurality of acoustic emission sensors (10) for acquiring micro crack acoustic emission signals of said pile/rock bolt (5) and a plurality of environmental sensors (11) for acquiring environmental information around said pile/rock bolt (5).
3. A slow-bonding pressure type anchor rod intelligent anchoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that a plurality of said stress sensors (7) are replaced by a plurality of resistive strain gauges.
4. A slow bonding pressure type rock bolt intelligent anchoring system according to claim 2, wherein said piles/anchors (5) are arranged inwardly along a plurality of excavation faces (2) of said rock-soil body (1).
5. A slow-bonding pressure type anchor rod intelligent anchoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that a plurality of said stress sensors (7), a plurality of said acoustic emission sensors (10) and a plurality of said environmental sensors (11) are arranged in an array on said pile/anchor rod (5) and are communicatively connected to said edge calculation node (9) by means of optical fibers (8).
6. A slow bonding pressure type intelligent anchoring system according to claim 1, wherein said hydraulic servo tensioning mechanism (6) is located at the top of said pile/anchor rod (5).
7. A regulatory monitoring method using the intelligent anchoring system according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized by comprising the steps of: S1, acquiring stress and strain distribution of the whole length of a pile/anchor rod (5) in real time through a plurality of stress sensors (7), and capturing high-frequency stress waves generated when micro-cracking of a rock-soil body (1) and a pile/anchor rod (5) interface are damaged through a plurality of acoustic emission sensors (10); S2, transmitting all the original data acquired in the S1 to a system health scoring function in the edge computing node (9), wherein the coupling state score S=w 1 ·f（σ）+w 2 ·g（ΔL）+w 3 & h (DAE) of the system health scoring function, f (sigma) is a stress distribution uniformity score calculated based on the data of the stress sensor (7), g (delta L) is a deformation coordination score calculated based on the strain data, h (DAE) is a damage activity score calculated based on the high-frequency stress wave acquired by the acoustic emission sensor (10), and w 1 ,w 2 ,w 3 is a weight coefficient dynamically adjusted according to geological conditions; s3, completing health diagnosis according to the coupling state score S of the system health scoring function; When the coupling state score S is lower than a preset safety threshold S_safe or the score falling rate V_s exceeds the early warning rate V_wave, triggering an optimization regulation cycle, and making decision optimization to generate an adjustment instruction, so that the relative displacement between the pile/anchor rod and the rock-soil body (1) is minimized through an objective function; And S4, immediately sending the adjustment instruction to the hydraulic servo tensioning mechanism (6), and performing secondary tensioning or micro pressure relief on the pile/anchor rod (5) by a piston rod of the hydraulic servo tensioning mechanism (6).
8. The regulation and control monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that in S2, the axial stress values σ_i of n equidistant points i along the anchoring length L are measured by the stress sensor (7); Calculate the average stress σ_avg= (Σσ_i)/n Peak stress determination σ_max=max (σ_i) Calculating stress concentration coefficient, K_sigma=sigma_max/sigma_avg The scoring mapping is that f (sigma) is inversely related to the coefficient, a piecewise linear mapping function is established, wherein f (sigma) =100 when K_sigma is less than or equal to [ threshold A ], f (sigma) =0 when K_sigma is more than or equal to [ threshold B ], and f (sigma) is linearly interpolated between 0 and 100 when [ threshold A ] < K_sigma < [ threshold B ].
9. The regulation and control method of claim 8, wherein assuming that the shear stress τ and shear displacement Δl at the anchor-to-rock mass interface are linear (τ = g_s·Δl), the control equation and the general solution are derived by combining the static equilibrium and the physical equation: , the method is solved into hyperbolic function form, namely, explicit mathematical expression of anchor rod deformation coordination: , Where β=sqrt (4g_s/(pi e_a)), g_s is the interfacial shear modulus, and e_a is the slurry equivalent elastic modulus; Current bolt pull force p_0, design parameters (l_a, D), material and interface parameters (e_a, g_s); substituting the parameters into an analytic style, and calculating a theoretical shear displacement distribution curve delta L_they (x) along the anchoring length; And (3) scoring and constructing: The actual measurement comparison is that if the distributed stress sensor (7) is used for measuring the actual displacement distribution delta L_measured (x), the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) or the average absolute percentage error (MAPE) of the actual displacement distribution delta L_measured (x) and a theoretical curve are calculated; if no full line measured data exists, using the orifice displacement delta L_0 as a key index, calculating the orifice displacement delta L_ theory (0) theoretically obtained under the current P_0, and comparing the orifice displacement delta L_ theory (0) with an allowable displacement threshold [ delta L_allowable; scoring mapping defining g (Δl) to be inversely related to error or positively related to displacement satisfaction, g (Δl) =100 (1-min (1, Δl_0/[ Δl ] _allowable)).
10. The regulatory monitoring method of claim 9, wherein, Load Ratio (LR) =load at which the acoustic emission event begins to occur in the current loading cycle/maximum load reached in the last loading cycle, reflecting the stress threshold at which damage is reactivated; a Calm Ratio (CR) of CR=the number of accumulated acoustic emission events at the current unloading stage/the number of accumulated acoustic emission events at the last complete cycle, reflecting the activity level of irreversible damage during unloading; Scoring mapping, namely establishing a two-dimensional evaluation graph by taking LR as an abscissa and CR as an ordinate, and directly mapping into discrete injury activity scores according to the region in which the (LR, CR) coordinate points fall: a low active region, in which the corresponding coordinate point falls into the region, and the score h (DAE) is assigned as a high partition, which indicates that the structure is in a slight damage or non-damage state; A middle active region, in which a corresponding coordinate point falls into the region, and a score h (DAE) is assigned to be a middle partition, which indicates that the structure has medium damage and needs to be monitored in a strengthening way; And the high-activity region, namely the region with the corresponding coordinate point, is assigned with a score h (DAE) as a low region, so that the structural damage is serious, the damage is close to the damage, and the early warning is needed immediately.

Description

Intelligent anchoring system for slow-bonding pressure type anchor rod and regulation and control monitoring method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering anchoring, in particular to a slow-bonding pressure type intelligent anchoring system for an anchor rod and a regulating and monitoring method thereof. Background The traditional anchor bolt support system cannot sense stress conditions and damage states of the anchor bolt support system, cannot adapt to creep, unloading relaxation and other variable behaviors of a rock-soil body, and causes insufficient long-term reliability of the anchor bolt support system in a complex environment. In view of this, the present invention has been proposed. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a slow-bonding pressure type intelligent anchor rod anchoring system and a regulation and control monitoring method thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art. In order to achieve the aim, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the intelligent anchoring system of the slow-bonding pressure type anchor rod comprises a sensing unit, an analysis decision unit and an execution unit, wherein, The sensing unit comprises a plurality of stress sensors which are integrated on the pile/anchor rod and are used for collecting stress and strain of the pile/anchor rod; The analysis decision unit comprises edge calculation nodes which are built in the piles/anchor rods and are used for carrying out real-time processing and feature extraction on the perception data of the perception unit so as to realize regulation and control parameter calculation; The execution unit comprises a hydraulic servo tensioning mechanism for fine-tuning the prestress of the pile/anchor rod, so that the self-adaptive matching of the rigidity of the pile/anchor rod and the deformation of a rock-soil body is realized. In an alternative embodiment, the sensing unit further comprises a plurality of acoustic emission sensors for acquiring microcrack acoustic emission signals of the pile/anchor rod and a plurality of environmental sensors for acquiring environmental information around the pile/anchor rod. In an alternative embodiment, a plurality of said stress sensors are replaced with a plurality of resistive strain gages. In an alternative embodiment, the piles/anchors are arranged inwardly along a plurality of excavated faces of the rock-soil body. In an alternative embodiment, a plurality of said stress sensors, a plurality of said acoustic emission sensors and a plurality of said environmental sensors are arranged in an array on said pile/anchor rod and are communicatively connected to said edge computing node by optical fibers. In an alternative embodiment, the hydraulic servo tensioning mechanism is located at the top of the pile/anchor rod. On the other hand, the invention also provides a regulation and control monitoring method using the intelligent anchoring system, which comprises the following steps: S1, acquiring stress and strain distribution of the whole length of a pile/anchor rod in real time through a plurality of stress sensors, and capturing high-frequency stress waves generated when the micro-fracture of a rock-soil body and the interface of the pile/anchor rod are damaged through a plurality of acoustic emission sensors; s2, transmitting all the original data acquired in the S1 to a system health scoring function in the edge computing node, wherein the coupling state score S=w 1·f（σ）+w2·g（ΔL）+w3.h (DAE) of the system health scoring function, wherein f (sigma) is a stress distribution uniformity score calculated based on the data of the stress sensor, g (delta L) is a deformation coordination score calculated based on the strain data, h (DAE) is a damage activity score calculated based on the high-frequency stress wave acquired by the acoustic emission sensor, and w 1,w2,w3 is a weight coefficient dynamically adjusted according to geological conditions; s3, completing health diagnosis according to the coupling state score S of the system health scoring function; When the coupling state score S is lower than a preset safety threshold S_safe or the score falling rate V_s exceeds the early warning rate V_wave, triggering an optimization regulation cycle, and making decision optimization to generate an adjustment instruction, so that the relative displacement between the pile/anchor rod and the rock-soil body is minimized through an objective function; and S4, immediately sending the adjustment instruction to the hydraulic servo tensioning mechanism, and performing secondary tensioning or micro pressure relief on the pile/anchor rod by a piston rod of the hydraulic servo tensioning mechanism. In an alternative embodiment, in S2, the stress sensor is used to measure the axial stress values σ_i of n equidistant points i along the anchoring length L; Calculate the average stress σ_avg= (Σσ_i)/n Peak s