CN-122014310-A - Movable lifting grading energy-absorbing type rock burst protection shed applicable to TBM and control method

Abstract

A movable lifting grading energy-absorbing type rock burst protection shed and a control method suitable for TBM relate to the technical field of tunnel engineering TBM construction safety protection and comprise an energy-absorbing component, a lifting component, a supporting component, a moving component and a driving component. The energy absorption device comprises an energy absorption assembly, a lifting assembly, a driving assembly, a protection shed and a protection shed, wherein a high spring and a low spring are arranged between an upper arc-shaped steel plate and a lower arc-shaped steel plate of the energy absorption assembly to form a hierarchical energy absorption structure, the lifting assembly is 10 hydraulic cylinders, the supporting assembly comprises transverse I-steel, vertical I-steel supporting legs and connecting I-steel, travelling wheels of the moving assembly are clamped in travelling rails on two sides of a TBM girder, and the driving assembly drives the protection shed to move by pushing cylinders. The invention is also provided with a PLC intelligent control system which is communicated with the TBM microseismic monitoring system and can automatically receive the rock burst risk data and control the movable lifting of the protection shed. The invention realizes the integration of grading energy absorption, flexible adjustment and intelligent early warning, and remarkably improves the safety protection capability of TBM construction.

Inventors

• ZHAO HU
• ZHOU YONGJUN
• NIU KE
• YANG ZHI
• CUI JIAXI
• ZHAO YANHANG
• HU XIAOBAO
• Han Wangyiwei
• NAN XIAOYU
• ZHANG LIXIN
• LIU JIALE
• WANG YANBO
• CHE KUN
• LI CHEN
• DENG YOUQI
• LI YUNPENG
• GUO JIANKANG
• JIN WENJIE
• ZHOU SONG
• FENG JINYONG

Assignees

• 中铁隧道局集团有限公司
• 中铁隧道集团二处有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20260323

Claims (10)

1. 1. The movable lifting grading energy-absorbing type rock burst protection shed suitable for the TBM is characterized by comprising an energy-absorbing component, a lifting component, a supporting component, a moving component and a driving component; The energy absorption assembly comprises an upper arc-shaped steel plate (1) and a lower arc-shaped steel plate (2), the upper arc-shaped steel plate (1) is positioned right above the lower arc-shaped steel plate (2), a plurality of high springs (5) and a plurality of short springs (6) are uniformly arranged between the upper arc-shaped steel plate (1) and the lower arc-shaped steel plate (2), and the high springs (5) and the short springs (6) are distributed at intervals to form a hierarchical energy absorption structure; The lifting assembly comprises a plurality of hydraulic cylinders (3), the hydraulic cylinders (3) are uniformly arranged in a left group and a right group, the top ends of the hydraulic cylinders (3) are connected with the lower surface of the lower arc-shaped steel plate (2), and the bottom ends of the hydraulic cylinders (3) are connected with the supporting assembly; The support assembly comprises transverse I-steel (4), vertical I-steel supporting legs (7) and connecting I-steel (14), wherein the bottom end of the hydraulic oil cylinder (3) is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the transverse I-steel (4), a plurality of vertical I-steel supporting legs (7) are vertically connected with the transverse I-steel (4), the connecting I-steel (14) is welded between two adjacent vertical I-steel supporting legs (7), the connecting I-steel (14) is horizontally arranged, and two ends of the connecting I-steel supporting legs are respectively welded and fixed with the inner side walls of the two adjacent vertical I-steel supporting legs (7); The moving assembly comprises a travelling wheel (11) and a travelling rail (9), wherein the travelling wheel (11) is arranged on the supporting assembly, the travelling rail (9) is arranged on two sides of a TBM main beam, the travelling wheel (11) is matched with the travelling rail (9) and is clamped in the travelling rail (9) to roll along the travelling rail (9); the driving assembly comprises a pushing oil cylinder (13) and is used for driving the whole protective shed to move forwards and backwards along the walking track (9).
2. 2. The movable lifting grading energy-absorbing type rock burst protection shed applicable to TBM according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the high spring (5) is 1.5-2 times the height of the low spring (6), and the elastic coefficient of the high spring (5) is the same as that of the low spring (6).
3. 3. The movable lifting grading energy-absorbing type rock burst protection shed applicable to TBM according to claim 1, wherein the high spring (5) and the low spring (6) are made of high-strength alloy spring steel, and a plane base (10) is arranged between the upper arc-shaped steel plate (1) and the lower arc-shaped steel plate (2) at the position corresponding to the spring installation position and used for preventing the spring from being deflected when being pressed.
4. 4. The movable lifting grading energy-absorbing type rock burst protection shed suitable for the TBM according to claim 1, wherein the upper arc-shaped steel plate (1) and the lower arc-shaped steel plate (2) are high-strength wear-resistant steel plates, the thickness is 10-15mm, and the arc radius is matched with the inner diameter of a TBM construction tunnel.
5. 5. The movable lifting grading energy-absorbing type rock burst protection shed applicable to TBM according to claim 1, wherein the vertical I-steel support legs (7) are detachably connected with the transverse I-steel (4) through high-strength bolts (12), and the distance between every two adjacent vertical I-steel support legs (7) is 800-1500mm.
6. 6. The movable lifting grading energy-absorbing type rock burst protection shed suitable for the TBM according to claim 1, wherein the travelling wheels (11) are made of wear-resistant cast iron, anti-skid grains are formed on the surfaces of the travelling wheels, the travelling rails (9) are made of square steel, and lubricating grease is smeared on the contact surfaces of the travelling wheels (11) and the travelling rails (9).
7. 7. The movable lifting grading energy-absorbing type rock burst protection shed applicable to TBM according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic oil cylinder (3) and the pushing oil cylinder (13) are respectively provided with independent hydraulic control systems, and accurate control of lifting adjustment and movement driving can be realized respectively.
8. 8. The movable lifting hierarchical energy-absorbing type rock burst protection shed applicable to TBM of claim 1, further comprising an intelligent control system, wherein the intelligent control system comprises a PLC controller, a position sensor and a control module; The PLC is in communication connection with a rock burst microseismic monitoring system of the TBM master control room and is used for receiving rock burst risk position information; The position sensor is an RFID reader-writer, a plurality of RFID positioning labels are arranged on the walking track (9) at intervals, and RFID reader-writers matched with the positioning labels are arranged on the sides of the walking wheels (11) and used for detecting the current position of the protective shed in real time.
9. 9. The movable lifting grading energy-absorbing type rock burst protection shed applicable to the TBM according to claim 8, wherein the control module automatically calculates a moving path and lifting height according to the received rock burst risk position information and the real-time detected protection shed position information, and controls the action of the pushing oil cylinder (13) and the hydraulic oil cylinder (3) to realize unmanned intelligent movement and lifting positioning of the protection shed.
10. 10. A control method of a movable lifting hierarchical energy-absorbing rock burst protection shed applicable to a TBM, which is applied to the movable lifting hierarchical energy-absorbing rock burst protection shed applicable to the TBM as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, and is characterized by comprising the following steps: step S1, receiving rock burst risk position information sent by a rock burst microseismic monitoring system of a TBM main control room in real time through an intelligent control system; S2, reading RFID positioning labels arranged on the walking track (9) at intervals in real time through an RFID reader-writer arranged at the side of the walking wheel (11) to obtain the current position information of the protective shed; Step S3, the intelligent control system automatically calculates the direction and distance of the movement of the protection shed and the lifting height to be adjusted according to the rock burst risk position information and the current position information of the protection shed; Step S4, the control module sends a control instruction to a pushing oil cylinder (13) of the driving assembly according to the calculation result, the pushing oil cylinder (13) acts, and the protection shed is driven to move to a target risk area along the walking track (9); S5, after the protective shed reaches a target position, the control module sends a control instruction to the hydraulic oil cylinder (3) of the lifting assembly, the hydraulic oil cylinder (3) stretches synchronously, and the energy absorption assembly is adjusted to a preset optimal protective height; Step S6, feeding back the position information to the PLC in real time through the RFID reader-writer in the moving and lifting process of the protective shed to form closed-loop control, so that the accurate positioning of the protective shed is ensured; And S7, repeating the steps S1 to S6 when the rock burst risk is relieved or the TBM is tunneled to the next section, and realizing intelligent dynamic follow-up and self-adaptive adjustment of the protection shed.

Description

Movable lifting grading energy-absorbing type rock burst protection shed applicable to TBM and control method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering TBM construction safety protection, in particular to a movable lifting grading energy-absorbing type rock burst protection shed applicable to TBM and a control method. Background The rock burst is a high-risk geological disaster frequently generated when a TBM (tunnel boring machine) is adopted to construct a deep buried tunnel. Along with the gradual extension of the traffic and hydraulic engineering construction of China to the deep part, the proportion of tunnel crossing the high ground stress section is obviously increased, and the occurrence frequency and intensity of rock burst are also increased. When rock burst occurs, rock blocks are ejected and burst at a high speed, so that not only can key equipment of TBM be damaged, but also the life safety of constructors can be directly threatened, even long-time shutdown is caused when serious, and great economic loss is caused. In order to reduce the influence of rock burst on TBM construction, devices such as a protection shed or a protection bracket are generally adopted in the existing engineering to shield the area behind the cutterhead. Currently common protection devices are mainly divided into two types, fixed type and simple regulation type. The fixed protection shed is generally directly connected to the TBM girder through bolts or welding, has a simple structure and is convenient to install, but the position of the fixed protection shed is relatively fixed, and cannot be flexibly adjusted along with the tunneling progress. After TBM advances forward, the distance between the protection area and the face increases, the protection effect is obviously reduced, manual disassembly and assembly are needed for displacement, time and labor are wasted, and construction continuity is affected. The other device adopts an adjusting mechanism such as a hydraulic cylinder and the like, and can realize limited adjustment of the protection height so as to adapt to the current section change. However, the energy absorption structure of the device adopts a single-layer steel plate or a single spring design, and has limited absorption capacity on rock burst impact energy. When the rock burst with the intensity of more than medium is encountered, the single energy-absorbing element is easy to generate plastic deformation or failure, so that impact load is difficult to effectively buffer, and potential safety hazards exist. In addition, the existing protection device is in a passive protection state, namely, the impact is resisted by means of structural strength after the rock burst occurs. And a microseismic monitoring system is commonly applied in the current TBM construction, so that surrounding rock fracture signals can be sensed in real time, and potential rock burst areas can be positioned. Because the existing device lacks information linkage with a monitoring system, protection resources cannot be actively deployed to a high-risk area in advance, so that protection response is lagged, and cooperative linkage of early warning and protection is difficult to realize. In summary, the existing TBM rock burst protection device still has obvious defects in the aspects of flexibility, energy absorption capability and intelligence, and is difficult to meet the dual requirements of efficient construction and accurate protection under complex geological conditions. Therefore, there is a need for a rock burst protection device with movable, graded energy absorbing and intelligent control functions. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a movable lifting grading energy-absorbing type rock burst protection shed applicable to TBM and a control method. The invention realizes the above purpose through the following technical scheme: a movable lifting grading energy-absorbing type rock burst protection shed suitable for TBM comprises an energy-absorbing component, a lifting component, a supporting component, a moving component and a driving component; the energy absorption assembly comprises an upper arc-shaped steel plate and a lower arc-shaped steel plate, the upper arc-shaped steel plate is positioned right above the lower arc-shaped steel plate, a plurality of high springs and a plurality of short springs are uniformly arranged between the upper arc-shaped steel plate and the lower arc-shaped steel plate, and the high springs and the short springs are distributed at intervals to form a grading energy absorption structure; The lifting assembly comprises 10 hydraulic cylinders, the hydraulic cylinders are divided into a left group and a right group, each group comprises 5 hydraulic cylinders, the top ends of the hydraulic cylinders are fixedly welded with the lower surface of the lower arc-shaped steel plate, and the bottom ends of the hydraulic