CN-122014351-A - Drilling blowout prevention device based on multisource information fusion, early warning method and blowout prevention method

CN122014351ACN 122014351 ACN122014351 ACN 122014351ACN-122014351-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a drilling blowout prevention device, an early warning method and a blowout prevention method based on multisource information fusion, and belongs to the field of coal mine safety. The device comprises a drilling machine, an anti-spraying structure, a drilling gas emission monitoring module, a drilling state monitoring module, a mine microseismic monitoring system and a response module, wherein the drilling state monitoring module comprises a footage speed sensor, a torque sensor and a rotating speed sensor, the drilling state monitoring module is assembled at the driving end of a drill rod, the drilling gas emission monitoring module comprises a gas concentration sensor and a gas flow sensor, the drilling gas emission monitoring module is assembled at an exhaust device, and the response module is respectively in signal connection with the drilling machine, the drilling gas emission monitoring module, the drilling state monitoring module, the mine microseismic monitoring system and a slag discharging device. Meanwhile, a drilling blowout prevention method of the device is disclosed. The intelligent early warning device can accurately early warn the risk of the spray hole, achieves intelligent efficient prevention and control, and ensures construction safety.

Inventors

XU XINGFU
ZOU YONGMING
MA PENGFEI
GAO ZHONGNING
WANG CHUNGUANG
XUE WEICHAO
WANG KAIWANG
LIU FENG
ZHAO XIAOLIANG
NIE RONGSHAN
LI YANZENG
QIU HAISHENG
ZHOU RUI
ZHANG WENKE
HAN BING
LIU BOWEI
GONG ZHAOMIN
MA JINKUI

Assignees

中煤科工集团沈阳研究院有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260327

Claims (8)

1. The drilling blowout preventer based on multi-source information fusion is characterized by comprising a drilling machine, a blowout preventer structure, a drilling gas emission monitoring module, a drilling state monitoring module, a mine microseism monitoring system and a response module; the drilling machine is provided with a drill rod, the blowout prevention structure comprises a slag storage device, a slag discharging device and a water discharging device, the main body of the blowout prevention structure is of a four-way structure, the transverse two ends of the four-way structure are respectively connected with the drilling machine and a drilling hole, and the vertical two ends of the four-way structure are respectively provided with an air outlet and a slag discharging port; The drilling state monitoring module comprises a footage speed sensor, a torque sensor and a rotating speed sensor, and is assembled at the driving end of the drill rod; the response module is respectively connected with the drilling machine, the drilling gas emission monitoring module, the drilling state monitoring module, the mine microseismic monitoring system, the slag discharging device, the exhaust device, the pressure reducing valve and the slag storage device in a signal mode.
2. The drilling blowout preventer based on multi-source information fusion according to claim 1, wherein a stirring device and a weighing device are arranged in the slag storage device, a power input end of the stirring device is in transmission connection with a power output end of the slag discharge device through a bevel gear set, a protective cover is arranged on the outer side of the bevel gear set, the protective cover is fixedly connected with a shell of the slag discharge device, and the protective cover is in running fit with a rotating shaft of the stirring device; the weighing device comprises a pressure-bearing flow guiding inclined plane, a supporting pipe and a pressure sensor, wherein the pressure-bearing flow guiding inclined plane is arranged right below an inlet of the slag storage device, the pressure sensor is clamped between the pressure-bearing flow guiding inclined plane and the supporting pipe, and data are transmitted into the response module through a data cable.
3. The drilling blowout preventer based on multi-source information fusion according to claim 1, wherein the slagging device is of an explosion-proof spiral slagging structure and comprises an explosion-proof motor, a slagging channel and a slagging spiral, the slagging channel is welded and fixed with a slagging port of a blowout preventer main body, the slagging channel is communicated with the interior of the slag storage device, the explosion-proof motor is assembled at an upper power input port of the slagging device, the slagging spiral is coaxially arranged in the slagging channel, the upper end of the slagging spiral is in transmission connection with an output shaft of the explosion-proof motor, and the explosion-proof motor is in signal connection with the response module.
4. The multi-source information fusion-based drilling blowout preventer of claim 1, wherein the response module comprises a data processing unit, an adaptive learning unit, and a control unit.
5. The drilling blowout prevention early warning method based on multi-source information fusion is characterized in that the drilling blowout prevention device based on multi-source information fusion is adopted, and mine microseismic parameters, in-hole parameters and out-of-hole parameters are collected to perform early warning judgment on the risk level of a spray hole; The mine microseismic parameters are the energy of microseismic events in an early warning range, the occurrence frequency of the microseismic events and the linear distance between the microseismic events and a drilling construction point, the parameters in the hole are the drilling rule feeding speed and the rotating torque of a drill rod, and the parameters outside the hole are the volume concentration of gas burst from a drilling hole, the absolute gas burst flow and the cinder discharging speed; the early warning of the spray orifice risk level is a concern level, a warning level and an alarm level; The early warning range comprises a first early warning range and a second early warning range, wherein the first early warning range is an annular area taking a drilling construction site as a circle center and taking 100-300m as a radius, and the second early warning range is a circular area taking the drilling construction site as the circle center and taking 100m as the radius; The attention level is that in a first early warning range, the occurrence frequency of a microseismic event is 10% higher than the historical statistical activity level, or the energy of a single microseismic event is 10 3 ~10 4 J, irregular fluctuation occurs in the parameters in the hole, the fluctuation amplitude exceeds 15% of the statistical fluctuation threshold, the volume concentration of the gas or the rising trend of the absolute gas emission flow exceeds 5min, and the rising speed exceeds 10% of the statistical reference speed in the early normal drilling process; The warning level is that in a second warning range, the occurrence frequency of a microseismic event is 20% higher than the historical statistical activity level, or the energy of a single microseismic event is 10 4 ~10 5 J, the drilling footage speed change of a drill rod exceeds 20% of a statistical reference value in the early normal drilling process, the rotation torque peak value exceeds 20% of a normal drilling torque peak value, the gas volume concentration or absolute gushing flow rate shows pulse rise, the peak value breaks through the warning threshold value of the concerned level for more than 5 times, the rising trend of the gas volume concentration or the absolute gushing flow rate exceeds 10min, the rising speed exceeds 20% of the statistical reference rate in the early normal drilling process, and the coal cinder discharge amount in a slag storage device per unit time exceeds 20% of the conventional drilling peak value; The alarm level is that in a second early warning range, the occurrence frequency of a microseismic event is 30% higher than the historical statistical activity level, or the energy of a single microseismic event is 10 5 ~10 6 J, typical power abnormality phenomena occur on a drill rod, wherein the typical power abnormality phenomena comprise top drilling, holding drilling and blocking, the rising trend of the volume concentration of gas or the absolute gas gushing flow exceeds 20min, the rising speed exceeds 30% of the statistical reference speed in the early normal drilling process, and the slag storage device detects the interruption of the coal slag discharging state.
6. A drilling blowout prevention method based on multi-source information fusion, which is characterized by adopting the drilling blowout prevention device based on multi-source information fusion as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, comprising the following steps: Step 1, installing a mine micro-seismic monitoring system in a coal mine underground drilling construction area, wherein the monitoring range of the mine micro-seismic monitoring system covers at least one drilling construction point; Step 2, respectively connecting a blowout prevention structure main body with a drilling machine and a drilling hole, assembling a drilling state monitoring module at the driving end of the drilling rod, sealing and butting the blowout prevention structure main body with the hole opening of the drilling hole, butting and assembling the blowout prevention structure main body with the drilling machine, respectively connecting the response module with the drilling machine, a drilling gas emission monitoring module, the drilling state monitoring module, a mine micro-vibration monitoring system, a slag discharging device, an exhaust device, a pressure reducing valve and a slag storage device through signals, and completing device debugging; step 3, starting a drilling machine to carry out drilling construction, and starting a drilling gas emission monitoring module, a drilling state monitoring module and a mine micro-vibration monitoring system, wherein the drilling gas emission monitoring module, the drilling state monitoring module and the mine micro-vibration monitoring system acquire multi-source real-time parameters; Step 4, receiving the multisource real-time parameters by the response module, performing data processing, completing judgment of the risk level of the spray hole, and sending out early warning signals and action control instructions of corresponding levels if the risk of the spray hole is judged to exist; step 5, a response module sends a grading linkage control instruction to the exhaust device and the slag discharging device according to the risk early warning grade of the spray hole, synchronously opens a gas extraction auxiliary channel to increase gas extraction amount, adjusts the slag discharging speed of the slag discharging device to increase slag discharging amount, and opens a spray hole buffer zone formed by the spray hole buffer box to realize grading blowout prevention treatment; Step 6, the response module rechecks the treatment effect in real time, if all the multi-source real-time parameters fall below the threshold value of the corresponding early warning level, the site construction condition is restored to the normal drilling standard, and the drilling machine is restarted to continue drilling construction; and 7, repeating the steps 3-6 until the current drilling construction is completed, and finishing blowout prevention protection of the whole drilling construction period.
7. The drilling blowout prevention method based on multi-source information fusion according to claim 6, wherein blowout prevention treatment measures corresponding to the hierarchical coordinated control instruction in step 5 are as follows: The attention level early warning is that an acousto-optic early warning prompt is sent, a yellow lamp is displayed by a warning lamp, the opening and closing degree of an electromagnetic valve of an exhaust device extraction channel is increased from 10% to 30%, and an adjustment value is cancelled after the early warning is cancelled for 5 min; Warning level, namely sending out an upgrade acousto-optic warning, displaying a yellow lamp by a warning lamp, sending out voice to prompt constructors to pay attention to warning, increasing the opening and closing degree of an electromagnetic valve of a pumping channel of an exhaust device from 30% to 50%, controlling an explosion-proof motor of a slag discharging device to increase the rotating speed by 20%, increasing the slag discharging rate, and canceling an adjustment value after canceling warning for 10min; And (3) warning the alarm level, namely sending out the highest-level acousto-optic warning, displaying a red light by a warning lamp, sending out a voice prompt constructor to process drilling, sending a drilling stopping instruction to a drilling machine, increasing the opening and closing degree of an electromagnetic valve of a pumping channel of an exhaust device to 100%, and controlling an explosion-proof motor of a slag discharging device to operate at the rated highest rotating speed until parameters are recovered to be normal or shutdown treatment is executed.
8. The method for preventing blowout of a drill hole based on multi-source information fusion according to claim 6, wherein in the step 4, the risk level judgment of the nozzle is comprehensively judged by the data processing unit of the response module based on the variation trend, the mutation amplitude and the causality association characteristic of the multi-source parameters, and when a single parameter is abnormal and does not reach the mutation threshold, the early warning of the nozzle risk is not triggered.

Description

Drilling blowout prevention device based on multisource information fusion, early warning method and blowout prevention method Technical Field The invention belongs to the field of coal mine safety, and particularly relates to a drilling blowout prevention device, an early warning method and a blowout prevention method based on multi-source information fusion. Background When drilling construction operation is carried out in underground high-gas coal mine and outstanding coal seams, drilling jet holes are extremely destructive dynamic phenomena. When the gas or the stress state in the drill hole changes suddenly, a large amount of coal powder and gas can be sprayed out instantaneously, so that the life safety of field personnel is seriously threatened, drilling equipment is damaged, secondary gas overrun and even explosion accidents can be caused, and the safe and efficient production of the coal mine is seriously restricted. For this reason, it is necessary to install blowout preventer for protection in the hole when drilling. The current technology for preventing and controlling the drilling holes mainly comprises two directions, namely a field application mode, namely a passive response type blowout prevention technology, wherein gas is blown out of a drilling hole through connection with a gas extraction system, coal slag is blown out of the drilling hole through a coal slag reservoir, response of the mode is delayed, extraction flow is fixed, self-adaptive adjustment cannot be carried out according to different hole strengths, applicability is poor, and the intelligent blowout prevention device is developed along with intelligent progress of mines, judges the drilling holes according to the gas blowout speed of the drilling holes, performs gas extraction in the drilling holes, and prevents gas from exceeding the blowout prevention device, but the intelligent blowout prevention device is high in false alarm rate due to single judgment basis and early warning delay. In summary, the prior art system presents a coexistence of "passive response lag" and "active early warning disjoint". The method has the fundamental problem that a systematic solution integrating multidimensional precursor information real-time fusion, risk intelligent judgment, blowout prevention and extraction equipment linkage control is not constructed. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the problems, the invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides a drilling blowout preventer based on multi-source information fusion, which comprises a drilling machine, a blowout preventing structure, a drilling gas emission monitoring module, a drilling state monitoring module, a mine microseism monitoring system and a response module; the drilling machine is provided with a drill rod, the blowout prevention structure comprises a slag storage device, a slag discharging device and a water discharging device, the main body of the blowout prevention structure is of a four-way structure, the transverse two ends of the four-way structure are respectively connected with the drilling machine and a drilling hole, and the vertical two ends of the four-way structure are respectively provided with an air outlet and a slag discharging port; The drilling state monitoring module comprises a footage speed sensor, a torque sensor and a rotating speed sensor, and is assembled at the driving end of the drill rod; the response module is respectively connected with the drilling machine, the drilling gas emission monitoring module, the drilling state monitoring module, the mine microseismic monitoring system, the slag discharging device, the exhaust device, the pressure reducing valve and the slag storage device in a signal mode. Preferably, a stirring device and a weighing device are arranged in the slag storage device, the power input end of the stirring device is in transmission connection with the power output end of the slag discharge device through a bevel gear set, a protective cover is arranged on the outer side of the bevel gear set, the protective cover is fixedly connected with a shell of the slag discharge device, and the protective cover is in running fit with a rotating shaft of the stirring device; the weighing device comprises a pressure-bearing flow guiding inclined plane, a supporting pipe and a pressure sensor, wherein the pressure-bearing flow guiding inclined plane is arranged right below an inlet of the slag storage device, the pressure sensor is clamped between the pressure-bearing flow guiding inclined plane and the supporting pipe, and data are transmitted into the response module through a data cable. The explosion-proof motor is assembled at the power input port at the upper end of the slag discharging device, the slag discharging spiral is coaxially arranged in the slag discharging channel, the upper end of the slag discharging spiral is in transmission connection with the output shaft of the explosion-proof motor, and the explos