CN-122014356-A - Semi-open centripetal impeller structure and engine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power machinery, and discloses a semi-open centripetal impeller structure and an engine. The semi-open centripetal impeller structure comprises blades, a wheel disc, a fluid dissipation structure and a stable airflow blocking effect, wherein the wheel disc is provided with a wheel back and a wheel back gap, the wheel back gap is positioned between two adjacent blades, the fluid dissipation structure is arranged at the wheel back gap and can effectively inhibit leakage quantity of a gas leakage pressure surface branch of an impeller disc cavity of the centripetal impeller through at least one of cavity, wall impact and vortex dissipation, energy loss caused by leakage flow is reduced, after the leakage flow forms vortex in the fluid dissipation structure and dissipates kinetic energy, the stable airflow blocking effect can be formed in a wheel back gap area, flow of the sealing gas leakage pressure surface branch is further blocked, leakage flow strength is weakened, and therefore pneumatic performance and impeller efficiency of the centripetal impeller are remarkably improved.

Inventors

• CHEN CHEN
• ZENG FEI
• WANG ZHENG
• QIAN LEI
• OUYANG YUQING

Assignees

• 中国航发湖南动力机械研究所

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20260306

Claims (10)

1. 1. A semi-open centripetal impeller structure comprising: a blade; The wheel disc (11) is provided with a wheel back and a wheel back gap (112), the wheel back gap (112) is positioned between two adjacent blades, a fluid dissipation structure (20) is arranged at the wheel back gap (112), and the fluid dissipation structure (20) can dissipate energy of sealing leakage flow through at least one of cavity, wall impact and vortex dissipation.
2. 2. A semi-open centripetal impeller structure according to claim 1, characterized in that said fluid dissipation structure (20) comprises: At least one of a honeycomb structure, a porous structure, a grid structure, a groove array structure, a protrusion array structure, a labyrinth structure, a vortex cavity structure, a damping cavity structure, and a corrugated wall structure.
3. 3. A semi-open centripetal impeller structure according to claim 2, characterized in that said fluid dissipation structure (20) is a honeycomb structure, said honeycomb structure being a honeycomb belt of hexagonal honeycomb lands distributed continuously and uniformly.
4. 4. A semi-open centripetal impeller structure according to claim 3, characterized in that said cellular bands are uniformly distributed at said back notches (112) along the circumference of the impeller (10).
5. 5. A semi-open centripetal impeller structure according to claim 4, characterized in that said back gap (112) has a U-shaped corner (1121); The honeycomb strip extends from one side of the U-shaped corner (1121) along the U-shaped corner (1121) to the other side of the U-shaped corner (1121).
6. 6. A semi-open centripetal impeller structure according to claim 4, characterized in that said honeycomb strip covers the entire bottom of said back-of-wheel gap (112) along the circumferential span of said impeller (10).
7. 7. A semi-open centripetal impeller structure according to claim 3, characterized in that said honeycomb belt spans no more than 1/2 of the height of said wheel back along the circumference of the impeller (10).
8. 8. A semi-open centripetal impeller structure according to claim 3, characterized in that said cellular band is arranged at an angle θ to the impeller (10) axis, so as to form an air flow wall (30) at said back gap (112) to block the flow of the sealing gas leakage pressure side branches.
9. 9. A semi-open centripetal impeller structure according to any one of claims 3-8, wherein said honeycomb land comprises: An upper cavity (21), wherein the upper cavity (21) is of a hexagonal prism structure; and the lower cavity (22) is in a hexagonal pyramid structure.
10. 10. An engine comprising a semi-open centripetal impeller structure according to any one of claims 1-9.

Description

Semi-open centripetal impeller structure and engine Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of power machinery, in particular to a semi-open centripetal impeller structure and an engine. Background The wheel disc 13 'of the semi-open centripetal impeller is used as an installation carrier of the impeller, is a key component for transmitting rotary power and bearing load, and a semi-closed cavity formed by the wheel back 11' and the wheel back partition plate is an impeller disc cavity, so that the impeller is ensured to run in a safe temperature range, a strand of sealing cold air is required to be introduced from an outlet of a gas compressor, injected from a low-pressure area in the center of the impeller, and is diffused to the periphery of the disc cavity to form a gas barrier to prevent the leakage of high-temperature gas under the action of the rotary centrifugal force of the impeller. The structure of the semi-open centripetal impeller is shown in figure 1. As the impeller load increases, the impeller circumferential and transverse pressure difference increases, and the sealing cold air at the outermost periphery of the disc cavity forms two airflows of a sealing air leakage suction surface branch G Suction force and a sealing air leakage pressure surface branch G Pressure of under the synergistic effect of the pressure difference and the centrifugal force, see fig. 2 and 3. The pressure side branches occupy most of the sealing leakage flow, the sealing leakage flow interacts with other secondary flow blends in the channel, a disc cavity leakage vortex with larger span size is formed at the back notch 12', a large amount of energy dissipation is generated, and the impeller efficiency of the centripetal impeller is drastically reduced. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above, the invention provides a semi-open centripetal impeller structure and an engine, so as to solve the problem of large energy dissipation caused by the leakage vortex of a disc cavity formed at a wheel back notch of the semi-open centripetal impeller. In a first aspect, the present invention provides a semi-open centripetal impeller structure comprising: a blade; The wheel disc is provided with a wheel back and a wheel back gap, the wheel back gap is positioned between two adjacent blades, a fluid dissipation structure is arranged at the wheel back gap, and the fluid dissipation structure can dissipate leakage flow energy through at least one of cavity, wall impact and vortex dissipation. The semi-open type centripetal impeller structure has the beneficial effects that the fluid dissipation structure is arranged at the back gap between the adjacent blades, so that at least one mode of cavity, wall impact and vortex dissipation can be utilized to conduct energy dissipation on the sealed leakage flow, the leakage quantity of the sealed air leakage pressure surface branch of the impeller disc cavity of the centripetal impeller is effectively inhibited, and the energy loss caused by leakage flow is reduced. After the leakage flow forms vortex in the fluid dissipation structure and dissipates kinetic energy, a stable airflow blocking effect can be formed in the back gap area, the flow of the sealing air leakage pressure surface branch is further blocked, the leakage flow strength is weakened, and therefore the aerodynamic performance of the centripetal impeller and the impeller efficiency are remarkably improved. In an alternative embodiment, the fluid dissipation structure comprises: At least one of a honeycomb structure, a porous structure, a grid structure, a groove array structure, a protrusion array structure, a labyrinth structure, a vortex cavity structure, a damping cavity structure, and a corrugated wall structure. The fluid dissipation structure has the beneficial effects that the fluid dissipation structure can perform energy consumption on the sealed leakage flow in various modes such as a cavity effect, wall impact and vortex dissipation through at least one of a honeycomb structure, a porous structure, a grid structure, a groove array structure, a convex array structure, a labyrinth structure, a vortex cavity structure, a damping cavity structure and a corrugated wall structure, so that the leakage flow suppressing and dissipating effects are ensured, and the pneumatic performance and the working efficiency of the centripetal impeller are improved. In an alternative embodiment, the fluid dissipation structure is a honeycomb structure, and the honeycomb structure is a honeycomb belt formed by continuously and uniformly distributing hexagonal honeycomb prisms. The honeycomb structure is used as a fluid dissipation structure, the honeycomb structure is a honeycomb belt formed by hexagonal honeycomb prismatic tables which are continuously and uniformly distributed, a regular and stable cavity array can be formed at the notch of the wheel back, so that sealing leakage flow fully impacts the wall su