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CN-122014366-A - Main shaft fracture overrunning protection system of internal combustion engine turbocharger

CN122014366ACN 122014366 ACN122014366 ACN 122014366ACN-122014366-A

Abstract

The present invention discloses an internal combustion engine turbocharger main shaft fracture over rotation protection system, specifically related to the technical field of turbocharger main shaft fracture over rotation protection, comprising a braking structure, wherein the outer wall of the braking structure is provided with a disassembly structure. The present invention, by providing the braking structure, can accurately limit and decelerate the turbine when the turbocharger main shaft fractures, effectively reducing the turbine over rotation speed, avoiding the rupture of turbine blades and turbine discs due to high-speed rotation, reducing the generation of high-speed flying debris, achieving fast and effective over rotation protection, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the turbocharger casing, engine and surrounding components, and ensuring the safety of personnel. The present invention, by providing the disassembly structure, can be quickly and conveniently disassembled during maintenance. Replace or repair damaged components, Improve maintenance efficiency, further enhance the convenience and cost of maintenance work.

Inventors

  • ZHANG SHENGHUI
  • LIU ZIXUAN
  • GUO FENG
  • CHEN ZHIYANG
  • WEI MIN

Assignees

  • 集美大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260413

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The main shaft fracture overrun protection system of the turbocharger of the internal combustion engine comprises a braking structure (1) and is characterized in that a dismounting structure (2) is arranged on the outer wall of the braking structure (1); The braking structure (1) comprises a support assembly (11), wherein a turbine assembly (12) is arranged at the rear end of the support assembly (11), a plurality of limiting assemblies (13) are arranged on a front annular array of the turbine assembly (12), and a speed reduction assembly (14) is arranged at the rear of the turbine assembly (12); the dismounting structure (2) comprises a connecting component (21), and a protective component (22) is arranged at the front end of the connecting component (21).
  2. 2. The main shaft fracture over-rotation protection system of the turbocharger of the internal combustion engine is characterized in that the support assembly (11) comprises a guide vane support (111), a plurality of turbine guide vanes (112) are fixedly connected to an annular array of the outer wall of the guide vane support (111), a limit ring groove (113) is formed in the inner wall of the guide vane support (111), a first mounting groove (114) is formed in the rear end of the inner wall of the limit ring groove (113), and a plurality of gears (115) are fixedly connected to an annular array of the rear end of the inner wall of the first mounting groove (114).
  3. 3. The main shaft breakage and overspin protection system of a turbocharger of an internal combustion engine according to claim 2, wherein the rear end of the guide vane support (111) is provided with a groove (116).
  4. 4. The turbocharger spindle breakage and overstroke protection system for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the turbine assembly (12) comprises a turbine disc (121), a fish-mouth protrusion structure (122) is fixedly connected to the left end of the turbine disc (121), the outer wall of the fish-mouth protrusion structure (122) is movably connected with the inner wall of the groove (116), a plurality of turbine blades (123) are fixedly connected to an annular array of the outer wall of the turbine disc (121), a first turbocharger spindle (124) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the turbine disc (121), a fluted disc (126) is arranged on the outer wall of the first turbocharger spindle (124), a plurality of disc cavity air inlet interfaces (127) penetrating through the right end are formed in a left end annular array of the fluted disc (126) and are connected with a disc cavity air supply pipeline, a threaded disc (128) is fixedly connected to the right end of the first turbocharger spindle (124), and a rectangular block (129) is fixedly connected to the right end of the threaded disc (128).
  5. 5. The turbocharger spindle breakage and overrun protection system for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the limiting assembly (13) comprises two supporting plates (131), one sides of the two supporting plates (131) which are far away from each other are fixedly connected with a stabilizing plate (132), the front sides of the stabilizing plates (132) are fixedly connected with the left ends of the turbine discs (121), one sides of the two supporting plates (131) which are close to each other are provided with a second mounting groove (133), the upper side and the lower side of the inner wall of the second mounting groove (133) are fixedly connected with sliding rods (134), the upper side of the outer wall of the sliding rods (134) is movably connected with sliding sleeves (135), the lower side of the outer wall of the sliding rods (134) is sleeved with a first spring (136), and one side of the two sliding sleeves (135) which are close to each other is fixedly connected with a connecting block (137).
  6. 6. The system for protecting the main shaft of the turbocharger of the internal combustion engine from breakage and over rotation of the main shaft of the turbocharger of the internal combustion engine according to claim 5, wherein a ladder-shaped block (138) is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting block (137), the outer wall of the ladder-shaped block (138) is movably connected with the inner wall of the guide vane support (111) and the inner wall of the limiting ring groove (113), a limiting groove I (139) is formed in the front side of the ladder-shaped block (138), and column-shaped slots (130) are formed in the left side and the right side of the rear side of the inner wall of the limiting groove I (139).
  7. 7. The system for protecting the main shaft of the turbocharger of the internal combustion engine from breakage and overrunning of the engine as set forth in claim 6, wherein the inner wall of the first limit groove (139) is movably connected with a protruding block (1301), the front arc-shaped array of the protruding block (1301) is fixedly connected with a plurality of stabilizing plates (132), the left and right sides of the rear side of the protruding block (1301) are fixedly connected with inserting rods (1303), the rear side of the outer wall of the inserting rods (1303) is movably connected with the inner wall of the cylindrical slot (130), and the front side of the outer wall of the inserting rods (1303) is sleeved with a second spring (1304).
  8. 8. The system for protecting the main shaft of the turbocharger of the internal combustion engine from breakage and over rotation is characterized in that the speed reducing assembly (14) comprises a circular sleeve (141), a mounting annular groove (142) is formed in the inner wall of the circular sleeve (141), a plurality of speed reducing friction plates (143) are fixedly connected to the right annular array of the inner wall of the mounting annular groove (142), a movable disc (144) is movably connected to the inner wall of the mounting annular groove (142), a bevel disc (145) is fixedly connected to the right end of the movable disc (144), the outer wall of the bevel disc (145) is movably connected with the outer walls of the plurality of speed reducing friction plates (143), a first fixed sleeve (146) is fixedly connected to the right end of the bevel disc (145), a second booster main shaft (147) is fixedly connected to the left end of the movable disc (144), and the outer walls of the first fixed sleeve (146) are movably connected with the inner wall of the circular sleeve (141).
  9. 9. The main shaft fracture overrun protection system of the turbocharger of the internal combustion engine, as set forth in claim 1, wherein the connecting component (21) comprises a fixing rod (211), a limiting groove II (212) is formed in the outer wall of the fixing rod (211), a rectangular slot (213) is formed in the front end of the fixing rod (211), the rear end of the fixing rod (211) is fixedly connected with the right end of the bevel disk (145), the outer wall of the fixing rod (211) is movably connected with the inner wall of a fixing sleeve I (146), a limiting ring (214) is movably connected with the outer wall of the limiting groove II (212), a fixing sleeve II (215) is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the limiting ring (214), an inner thread (216) is formed in the front side of the inner wall of the fixing sleeve II (215), a plurality of arc-shaped slots (217) are formed in a front annular array of the fixing sleeve II (215), a plurality of driving slots (218) are formed in an annular array of the outer wall of the fixing sleeve II (215), and the inner wall of the inner thread (216) is movably connected with the inner wall of the screw thread (128) and the outer wall of the fixing sleeve II (213) is movably connected with the outer wall of the rectangular slot (219).
  10. 10. The turbocharger spindle breakage over-rotation protection system for an internal combustion engine, as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the protection assembly (22) comprises a pull ring (221), wherein the front end of the pull ring (221) is fixedly connected with a movable ring (222), the front end of the movable ring (222) is movably connected with the front end of a second fixed sleeve (215), the front annular array of the movable ring (222) is fixedly connected with a plurality of arc-shaped inserts (223), the outer wall of the arc-shaped inserts (223) is movably connected with the inner wall of an arc-shaped slot (217), the rear annular array of the pull ring (221) is fixedly connected with a plurality of limit rods (224), the front side of the outer wall of the limit rods (224) is sleeved with a third spring (225), the rear side of the outer wall of the limit rods (224) is movably connected with a fourth-hole fixed sleeve (226), the inner wall of the fourth-hole fixed sleeve (226) is movably connected with the outer wall of the first booster spindle (124), and the inner wall of the pull ring (221) is movably connected with the outer wall of the first booster spindle (124).

Description

Main shaft fracture overrunning protection system of internal combustion engine turbocharger Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of main shaft fracture over-rotation protection of turbochargers, in particular to a main shaft fracture over-rotation protection system of an internal combustion engine turbocharger. Background The turbocharger is a key component for improving the power density of the internal combustion engine and enhancing the high altitude and altitude adaptability of the internal combustion engine, and the turbocharger drives the turbine by recovering the energy of the exhaust gas of the engine to drive the compressor to compress the inlet air, so that the performance of the internal combustion engine is obviously improved. At present, the turbine end of the modern turbocharger is widely applied to the fields of automobiles, ships and general aviation, has extremely harsh working environment, and can bear the test of high temperature and high rotating speed for a long time. The air inlet temperature can reach 950 ℃, the tangential speed of the blade tip of the turbine is usually more than 450 m/s, which is equivalent to extremely high rotating speed of tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of revolutions per minute. At the same time, the turbine is also subjected to complex alternating centrifugal forces and aerodynamic loads due to the constant variation in engine power. Such severe operating conditions make turbine components relatively high-rate components of supercharger failure. According to the novel structure of the main shaft and the turbine wheel disc, the problem that the main shaft is easy to break after secondary friction welding of the main shaft of the turbocharger is solved, a groove is formed in the friction welding main shaft, only an outer annular area is welded, a separation groove is formed in the turbine wheel disc, materials in the area B are cut off at the position of the separation groove before secondary friction welding, the turbine wheel disc materials consistent with those in the primary welding can be obtained in a large range, and the secondary friction welding quality is ensured. The utility model designs a brand-new friction welding main shaft and turbine wheel disc structure, and the structure can ensure that the materials of the area of the turbine wheel disc, which is at a certain distance from a welding surface, do not change in microstructure so as to be beneficial to secondary friction welding. In the prior art, if a turbine shaft breaks and fails, the whole function of the supercharger is lost directly, and the turbine is overturned due to sudden load unloading, so that turbine blades and a turbine disc are broken, high-speed scattered fragments are generated, and if the high-energy fragments break through a supercharger casing, an engine and peripheral parts are further damaged, and even the life safety of personnel is directly endangered. Disclosure of Invention In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a main shaft fracture and overspin protection system of a turbocharger of an internal combustion engine, which aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, if a turbine shaft breaks and fails, the turbine overspin is caused by sudden load unloading in addition to the loss of the integral function of the turbocharger, turbine blades and turbine discs are broken, high-speed scattered fragments are generated, and if the high-energy fragments break through a supercharger casing, the engine and peripheral parts are further damaged, and even the life safety of personnel is directly endangered. In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides the technical scheme that the main shaft fracture overrunning protection system of the turbocharger of the internal combustion engine comprises a braking structure, wherein the outer wall of the braking structure is provided with a dismounting structure; the braking structure comprises a support assembly, a turbine assembly is arranged at the rear end of the support assembly, a plurality of limiting assemblies are arranged on a front end annular array of the turbine assembly, and a speed reduction assembly is arranged at the rear of the turbine assembly; The dismounting structure comprises a connecting component, and a protective component is arranged at the front end of the connecting component. According to the further scheme, the support assembly comprises a guide vane support, a plurality of turbine guide vanes are fixedly connected to the outer wall annular array of the guide vane support, a limit ring groove is formed in the inner wall of the guide vane support, a first mounting groove is formed in the rear end of the inner wall of the limit ring groove, and a plurality of gears are fixedly connected to the inner wall rear end annular array of the first mounting groove. As a further scheme of the invention, the rear end of the guide vane