CN-122014384-A - Hydrogen safety management structure of hydrogen engine crankcase and control method thereof

CN122014384ACN 122014384 ACN122014384 ACN 122014384ACN-122014384-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen safety management structure of a crankcase of a hydrogen engine, which comprises an air inlet pipe, an air supplementing main pipe, a control valve, a cylinder body, a plurality of sensors and at least two branch pipes, wherein the air inlet pipe is connected with an air source, one end of the air supplementing main pipe is communicated with the air inlet pipe, the other end of the air supplementing main pipe is connected with the branch pipes, the branch pipes are communicated with the cylinder body through air supplementing connectors so as to supplement air for the crankcase, the sensors are arranged in the cylinder body and used for detecting the concentration of hydrogen in the crankcase, and the control valve is arranged between the air supplementing main pipe and the branch pipes so as to adjust the amount of air entering the crankcase. The invention constructs an integrated control structure of directional air supplementing and accurate detection aiming at a hydrogen leakage safety pain point of a crankcase of a hydrogen engine, and solves the problem that the traditional engine has no special crankcase hydrogen concentration control hardware.

Inventors

QIN YUFENG
LIU XIAOYI
WEI ZUANGUO
WU LIANGJIE
WANG PENGCHENG

Assignees

广西玉柴机器股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20251230

Claims (10)

1. The hydrogen safety management structure of the crankcase of the hydrogen engine is characterized by comprising an air inlet pipe, an air supplementing main pipe, a control valve, a cylinder body, a plurality of sensors and at least two branch pipes; Wherein the air inlet pipe is connected with an air source; One end of the air supplementing main pipe is communicated with the air inlet pipe, and the other end of the air supplementing main pipe is connected with the branch pipe; The branch pipe is communicated with the cylinder body through a gas supplementing joint so as to supplement air for the crankcase; the sensor is arranged in the cylinder body and used for detecting the concentration of hydrogen in the crankcase; the control valve is arranged between the air supplementing main pipe and the branch pipe so as to adjust the amount of air entering the crankcase.
2. The hydrogen engine crankcase hydrogen safety management structure of claim 1, wherein the air source is post-engine supercharger air.
3. The hydrogen engine crankcase hydrogen safety management structure of claim 1, wherein the air source is an external vehicle air tank.
4. The hydrogen safety management structure of a hydrogen engine crankcase according to claim 1, wherein the number of the branch pipes is two, and the two branch pipes correspond to the two air supply joints, and the two air supply joints are respectively arranged at the front end half part and the rear end upper half part of the cylinder body along the length direction.
5. The hydrogen safety management structure of a hydrogen engine crankcase according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the air supply joint is provided in an upper half of the cylinder block and corresponds to a top region of the crankcase.
6. The hydrogen engine crankcase hydrogen safety management structure according to claim 1, wherein the sensors are distributed in a region where the crankcase hydrogen concentration is highest.
7. The hydrogen engine crankcase hydrogen safety management structure according to claim 1, further comprising a head cover and an oil separator, wherein a part of the sensors are disposed on the head cover and at an outlet of the oil separator.
8. The hydrogen safety management structure of a crankcase of a hydrogen engine according to claim 1, wherein the control valve is an electronically controlled control valve, and the electronically controlled control valve is in signal connection with a control system of the hydrogen engine to receive a control signal sent by the control system to adjust the opening.
9. A control method of a hydrogen engine crankcase hydrogen safety management structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of: s1, when a hydrogen engine runs, a plurality of sensors acquire hydrogen concentration data in a crankcase in real time and transmit the concentration data to a control system of the engine; S2, the control system judges the received hydrogen concentration data, if the concentration is higher than a preset safety limit value, a control signal is sent to a control valve to control the control valve to open a corresponding opening, and if the concentration is lower than or equal to the preset safety limit value, the control valve is controlled to maintain the current opening or close; S3, air in the air source flows into the air supplementing main pipe through the air inlet pipe, and then flows into the crankcase through a plurality of branch pipes and corresponding air supplementing connectors after being split by the control valve, and is mixed with the leaked hydrogen-containing mixed gas in the crankcase to dilute the concentration of hydrogen; and S4, continuously collecting hydrogen concentration data in the crankcase by the plurality of sensors and feeding back the hydrogen concentration data to the control system, and continuously correcting a control signal sent to the control valve by the control system according to the feedback data, and dynamically adjusting the opening of the control valve until the hydrogen concentration in the crankcase is stably lower than a preset safety limit value.
10. The method for controlling a hydrogen safety management structure of a crankcase of a hydrogen engine according to claim 9, wherein in steps S2 and S4, the preset safety limit is 30% -50% of the concentration of the lower explosion limit of hydrogen.

Description

Hydrogen safety management structure of hydrogen engine crankcase and control method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen engines, in particular to a hydrogen safety management structure of a crankcase of a hydrogen engine and a control method thereof. Background Under the background of global energy conservation and emission reduction strategic acceleration, the development and application of clean energy become one of the core directions of low-carbon transformation in the field of transportation, wherein hydrogen is used as fuel capable of realizing full life cycle zero carbon emission, and the development potential in an engine power system is focused on by the industry by virtue of the advantages of wide sources and high energy density. However, the unique physical and chemical properties of hydrogen make the practical application of hydrogen pose serious safety challenges, on one hand, the hydrogen has extremely small molecular volume, is the substance with the fastest diffusion speed in all gases, is extremely easy to leak even if the device structure has tiny gaps, and can rapidly diffuse in space after leakage, on the other hand, the lower explosion limit of the hydrogen is only 4 percent (volume concentration) which is far lower than that of the traditional fuel, a small amount of leakage can lead the local area to reach the combustible concentration, and meanwhile, the ignition energy of the hydrogen is only 0.02 millijoule, which is less than one tenth of the ignition energy (about 0.29 millijoule) of natural gas (methane), and tiny electrostatic sparks, metal striking sparks and even weak electric arcs of an electric switch are enough to ignite the hydrogen-air mixture, so that the safety risk after leakage is further amplified. The above-mentioned safety risk is particularly pronounced in crankcase systems, where the hydrogen mixture in the combustion chamber inevitably leaks into the crankcase through the gap between the piston rings and the cylinder wall during operation of the engine. Because the crankcase belongs to a relatively closed space, leaked hydrogen is difficult to be automatically diffused and discharged and gradually gathers in the case, and the low explosion lower limit and the easy ignition property of the hydrogen are combined, once the concentration of the hydrogen in the crankcase rises to a 4% flammability threshold, even tiny internal mechanical sparks or static electricity can cause knocking or even explosion accidents. The problem becomes a key safety bottleneck for restricting the large-scale popularization of the hydrogen engine, and how to effectively control the concentration of the hydrogen in the crankcase and avoid the hydrogen from reaching a dangerous threshold is one of the core problems to be solved urgently in the technical field of the current hydrogen engine safety. The foregoing background is only for the purpose of facilitating an understanding of the principles and concepts of the application and is not necessarily in the prior art to the present application and is not intended to be used as an admission that such background is not entitled to antedate such novelty and creativity by virtue of prior application or that it is already disclosed at the date of filing of this application. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a hydrogen safety management structure of a hydrogen engine crankcase and a control method thereof, which are used for solving the technical problems that in the prior art, hydrogen in the hydrogen engine crankcase is easy to leak and gather, and targeted management and control hardware is lacking, so that the concentration of the hydrogen is easy to reach a flammable threshold value, the safety risk is outstanding and the like. Therefore, the invention provides a hydrogen safety management structure of a crankcase of a hydrogen engine and a control method thereof. Preferably, the present invention may further have the following technical features: A hydrogen safety management structure of a hydrogen engine crankcase comprises an air inlet pipe, an air supplementing main pipe, a control valve, a cylinder body, a plurality of sensors and at least two branch pipes; Wherein the air inlet pipe is connected with an air source; One end of the air supplementing main pipe is communicated with the air inlet pipe, and the other end of the air supplementing main pipe is connected with the branch pipe; The branch pipe is communicated with the cylinder body through a gas supplementing joint so as to supplement air for the crankcase; the sensor is arranged in the cylinder body and used for detecting the concentration of hydrogen in the crankcase; the control valve is arranged between the air supplementing main pipe and the branch pipe so as to adjust the amount of air entering the crankcase. Preferably, the air source is air after the supercharger of the engine. Preferably, the air source is