CN-122014416-A - Medium channel, outer wall of rotary detonation engine and rotary detonation engine

CN122014416ACN 122014416 ACN122014416 ACN 122014416ACN-122014416-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a medium channel, an outer wall of a rotary detonation engine and the rotary detonation engine, which relate to the technical field of active heat protection of the rotary detonation engine, wherein the medium channel comprises a first spiral section and a second spiral section which are integrated, the space curve axis of the first spiral section and the space curve axis of the second spiral section are spiral lines, the pitch of the first spiral section is larger than that of the second spiral section, the cross section of the first spiral section is rectangular and the size of the cross section of the first spiral section is consistent with that of the cross section of the second spiral section, and the spiral directions of the first spiral section and the second spiral section are consistent. The medium channel is arranged in the outer wall of the rotary detonation engine, and the outer wall of the rotary detonation engine is used for forming the rotary detonation engine. The invention overcomes the technical prejudice in the prior art, and the medium channel with the curve modeling is applied to the outer wall of the rotary detonation engine, so that the problem of poor heat exchange effect of the straight channel type can be solved, and the problems that dead zones are more easily formed in the curve modeling and wall cracking and sealing failure are easily caused can be overcome.

Inventors

TIAN JIA
Huang Likeng
YAO PENGPENG
CAI RUIPENG
FENG WENKANG
ZHANG BORAN
ZHANG YINGXIN
LIU HONGJUAN
Tao Xueyao

Assignees

中北大学
西安航天动力技术研究所

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260402

Claims (10)

1. The medium channel is arranged in a plate body or a shell and is used for circulating heat exchange medium, and is characterized by comprising a first spiral section (1) and a second spiral section (2) which are integrated, wherein the space curve axis of the first spiral section (1) and the space curve axis of the second spiral section (2) are spiral lines, and the pitch of the space curve axis of the first spiral section (1) is larger than that of the space curve axis of the second spiral section (2); The cross section perpendicular to the space curve axis of the first spiral section (1) is a first cross section, the size of any first cross section is completely consistent, the cross section perpendicular to the space curve axis of the second spiral section (2) is a second cross section, the size of any second cross section is completely consistent, and the first cross section and the second cross section are rectangular; the spiral directions of the first spiral section (1) and the second spiral section (2) are consistent.
2. The outer wall of the rotary detonation engine is characterized by comprising a combustion chamber section (3), a tail nozzle section (4) and the medium channel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the combustion chamber section (3) and the tail nozzle section (4) are coaxially arranged, a combustion chamber outlet (5) is in sealing connection with a tail nozzle inlet, and the combustion chamber outlet (5) and the tail nozzle inlet are consistent in shape and size; The medium channels are circumferentially equidistant around the axes of the combustion chamber section (3) and the tail spray pipe section (4) and are arranged in the combustion chamber section (3) and the tail spray pipe section (4), the first spiral section (1) is arranged in the wall body of the combustion chamber section (3), the inlet of the first spiral section (1) is positioned on the plane where the combustion chamber inlet (6) is positioned, the second spiral section (2) is arranged in the wall body of the tail spray pipe section (4), and the outlet of the second spiral section (2) is positioned on the plane where the tail spray pipe outlet (7) is positioned; The thickness of the wall body on the outer side of the first section of the combustion chamber section (3) is larger than that of the wall body on the inner side of the first section, and the thickness of the wall body on the outer side of the second section of the tail injection section (4) is larger than that of the wall body on the inner side of the second section.
3. The outer wall of a rotary detonation engine according to claim 2, wherein the combustion chamber section (3) is of a circular tube-like structure, the radial cross sections of the combustion chamber section (3) are identical in size and shape, the tail nozzle section (4) is a Laval nozzle, and the size of the inlet of the tail nozzle is smaller than the size of the outlet (7) of the tail nozzle.
4. The outer wall of a rotary knock engine according to claim 3, characterized in that the total length of the combustion chamber section (3) and the tail pipe section (4) in the axial direction is 650 to 720 mm, the inner diameter of the combustion chamber section (3) is 160 to 175 mm, the wall thickness of the combustion chamber section (3) is 5 to 7 mm, the wall thickness of the tail pipe section (4) is 5 to 7 mm, the length of the first cross section is 2 to 4mm, the width of the first cross section is 2 to 4mm, the height of the first cross section is 1 to 3mm, the wall thickness of the combustion chamber section (3) on the outside of the first cross section is 0.5 to 0.7 mm more than the wall thickness on the inside of the first cross section, and the wall thickness of the tail pipe section (4) on the outside of the second cross section is 0.5 to 0.7 mm more than the wall thickness of the second cross section; The number of the medium channels is 100 to 140, the pitch of the first spiral section (1) is 1200 to 1800 mm, and the pitch of the second spiral section (2) is 600 to 900 mm.
5. The outer wall of a rotary detonation engine according to claim 4, characterized in that the pitch of the first helical segment (1) is twice the pitch of the second helical segment (2).
6. The outer wall of a rotary detonation engine according to claim 5, characterized in that the number of medium channels is linearly proportional to the pitch of the first helical segment (1).
7. The outer wall of a rotary detonation engine according to claim 2, characterized in that the direction of rotation of the first helical segment (1) is clockwise or counter-clockwise.
8. The outer wall of a rotary detonation engine according to claim 2, further comprising a current collector (8) and a return pipe (9), wherein the current collector (8) is arranged on the wall of the tail pipe outlet (7), the current collector (8) is in sealing connection with the tail pipe section (4) and the outlet of the second spiral section (2) is communicated with the cavity in the current collector (8), the inlet of the return pipe (9) is communicated with the cavity in the current collector (8), and the pipe body of the return pipe (9) is fixed outside the combustion chamber section (3) and the tail pipe section (4).
9. The outer wall of a rotary detonation engine according to claim 8, characterized in that the radial section of the cavity in the collector (8) is a third section, the third section being rectangular, the length of the third section being 12 to 18 mm, the width of the third section being 12 to 18 mm, the height of the third section being 10 to 14 mm; The return pipes (9) are axially equidistantly arranged along the collector (8), the number of the return pipes (9) is 4 to 8, and the inner diameter of the return pipes (9) is 10 millimeters to 14 millimeters.
10. A rotary detonation engine, characterized by comprising a propellant injection system arranged in the combustion chamber section (3), a detonation device for providing a combustible mixture to the detonation device, a coolant circulation device for driving a coolant circulating in the rotary detonation engine outer wall, and a rotary detonation engine outer wall according to claims 2-9.

Description

Medium channel, outer wall of rotary detonation engine and rotary detonation engine Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of active heat protection of rotary detonation engines, in particular to a medium channel, an outer wall of the rotary detonation engine and the rotary detonation engine. Background The rotary knocking engine supercharged and combusted in a supersonic knocking mode has the advantages of simple structure, high specific impulse and efficiency, wide working range and the like. The annular combustion chamber is formed by arranging the combustion chamber and the central body at intervals, rotary knocking is carried out in the annular combustion chamber, the tail pipe is communicated with the annular combustion chamber, high-temperature products of combustion are expanded and ejected in the tail pipe to provide thrust, the combustion chamber and the tail pipe jointly form the outer wall of the engine, so that high-frequency propagation of detonation waves can lead to severe periodic fluctuation of the temperature and the pressure of the outer wall of the whole engine, local heat load peaks of the wall surface of the engine are extremely high, and serious challenges are presented to heat protection of the rotary knocking engine. In the prior art, a medium channel is arranged in the outer wall of the engine, and flowing low-temperature heat exchange medium is introduced into the medium channel to realize continuous heat absorption so as to reduce the temperature of the outer wall of the engine. The conventional medium channel is of a straight channel type, namely the axis of the channel is completely parallel to the axis of the outer wall of the engine, and in the straight channel type structure, the heat exchange medium can only take a single flow form of straight flow, so that the heat exchange efficiency is limited, and the local overheating caused by the detonation wave cannot be quickly balanced. And the outer wall of the engine shell is not a columnar structure with uniform diameter, and is often composed of a combustion chamber, a tail nozzle and other structures with different diameters, so that the flow dead zone of the heat exchange medium is easy to appear at the variable-diameter connecting position, the heat exchange effect is reduced, and the cooling capacity of a medium channel is further weakened. While the curved modeling channel can increase the length of the flow path and form turbulence in the coolant to further reduce the flow velocity, the curved modeling channel is easier to form a flow dead zone, and the curved modeling channel is easy to deform unevenly and concentrate stress at high temperature, so that wall cracking and sealing failure are easy to occur. It is clear that the curved shaped channels have more serious negative effects and therefore remain the preferred shape of the medium channel of the outer wall of the rotary detonation engine even if the straight channel has defects. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a medium channel, a rotary detonation engine outer wall and a rotary detonation engine, which overcome the technical prejudice in the prior art, a first spiral section with large pitch is arranged at a combustion chamber section with relatively gentle heat load, the flow resistance of the channel is relatively small, the flow velocity of a coolant is relatively fast, the full heat exchange is realized in a short time, and the flow efficiency and the heat exchange effect are both considered. The second spiral section with small pitch is arranged on the tail nozzle section with higher heat load, the flow resistance of the channel is relatively larger, the flow velocity of the coolant is relatively lower, the heat exchange coefficient is greatly improved to match the requirement of high heat load, meanwhile, the flow velocity of the coolant is reduced, the liquid pressure of the variable speed section is improved, and the problem of dead zone formation is solved. The structure with the rectangular section can enable the thermal elastic deformation of the channel to be matched with the thermal deformation of the wall body of the engine, and structural failure caused by stress concentration is avoided. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions: The invention provides a medium channel which is arranged in a plate body or a shell and used for circulating heat exchange media, and comprises a first spiral section and a second spiral section which are integrated, wherein the space curve axis of the first spiral section and the space curve axis of the second spiral section are spiral lines, the pitch of the space curve axis of the first spiral section is larger than that of the space curve axis of the second spiral section, the cross section perpendicular to the space curve axis of the first spiral section is a first cross section, the size of any first cross section is comp