CN-122014461-A - Ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine system and control method thereof

CN122014461ACN 122014461 ACN122014461 ACN 122014461ACN-122014461-A

Abstract

The application relates to an ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine system and a control method thereof in the technical field of ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engines, wherein the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine system comprises an ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine, a liquid ammonia tank, a liquid ammonia evaporator, an ammonia decomposition catalyst system, a hydrogen-nitrogen buffer tank and a combustion auxiliary heating module, the hydrogen-nitrogen buffer tank is capable of receiving and storing the gas generated by the ammonia decomposition catalyst system and providing the gas to the combustion-assisted heating module for combustion. The ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine system and the control method thereof can not only rapidly heat the ammonia decomposition catalyst system and shorten the starting time of the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine, but also provide auxiliary heat for ammonia decomposition by the combustion auxiliary heating module only in the starting stage of the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine or when the tail gas temperature is lower, and stop the combustion of the combustion auxiliary heating module when the tail gas temperature is higher, thereby reducing the working strength of the system and avoiding the fuel loss caused by the continuous operation of the combustion auxiliary heating module.

Inventors

JIANG LILONG
DU CHENGJUN
LUO YU
WANG DABIAO
WU ZEBIN
HUANG WENSHI
ZHANG QING
LIN LI

Assignees

福大紫金氢能科技股份有限公司
福州大学
紫金矿业集团股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260205

Claims (10)

1. An ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine system is characterized by comprising an ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine, a liquid ammonia tank, a liquid ammonia evaporator, an ammonia decomposition catalyst system, a hydrogen-nitrogen buffer tank and a combustion auxiliary heating module; The ammonia decomposition catalyst system is sleeved outside an exhaust pipe of the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine, the liquid ammonia tank is connected with air inlets of the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine and the ammonia decomposition catalyst system through the liquid ammonia evaporator respectively, an air outlet of the ammonia decomposition catalyst system is connected with an air inlet of the hydrogen-nitrogen buffer tank and an air inlet of the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine respectively, the hydrogen-nitrogen buffer tank, the combustion auxiliary heating module and the exhaust pipe are connected in sequence, and the connection position of the combustion auxiliary heating module and the exhaust pipe is positioned at one side of the ammonia decomposition catalyst system close to the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine; The hydrogen-nitrogen buffer tank is capable of receiving and storing the gas generated by the ammonia decomposition catalyst system and providing the gas to the combustion-assisted heating module for combustion.
2. The ammonia hydrogen internal combustion engine system of claim 1, wherein the combustion-assisted heating module comprises a burner nozzle, a blower, a combustion fuel injection valve, and a surge tank outlet shut-off valve; the hydrogen-nitrogen buffer tank, the buffer tank outlet cut-off valve, the combustion fuel injection valve, the burner nozzle and the tail gas pipe are sequentially connected, and an air supply port of the air blower is connected with an air inlet of the burner nozzle.
3. The ammonia hydrogen internal combustion engine system of claim 2, wherein the combustion-assisted heating module further comprises a combustion tube connected to the tail gas tube, and an air outlet of the burner nozzle is connected to the combustion tube.
4. The ammonia hydrogen internal combustion engine system of claim 3 wherein the combustion-assisted heating module further comprises a combustion chamber shut-off valve disposed within the combustion tube, the combustion chamber shut-off valve being located on a side of the gas outlet of the burner nozzle proximate the tail gas pipe.
5. The ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine system according to claim 2, wherein the liquid ammonia tank is connected to the burner nozzle, and an ammonia tank gas-ammonia shut-off valve is provided between the liquid ammonia tank and the burner nozzle.
6. The ammonia hydrogen internal combustion engine system of claim 1, wherein a buffer tank compressor is disposed between the ammonia decomposition catalyst system and the hydrogen-nitrogen buffer tank.
7. The ammonia hydrogen internal combustion engine system of claim 6, wherein a buffer tank inlet shut-off valve is provided between the buffer tank compressor and the hydrogen-nitrogen buffer tank.
8. The ammonia hydrogen internal combustion engine system of claim 1, wherein the ammonia decomposition catalyst system comprises an ammonia decomposition heater, an ammonia decomposition catalyst, and a catalytic temperature sensor; The ammonia decomposition heater is sleeved outside the tail gas pipe, a reaction chamber is formed between the ammonia decomposition heater and the tail gas pipe, the reaction chamber is used for accommodating the ammonia decomposition catalyst, an air inlet of the reaction chamber is connected with the liquid ammonia evaporator, an air outlet of the reaction chamber is respectively connected with the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine and the hydrogen-nitrogen buffer tank, and the catalytic temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the reaction chamber.
9. The ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine system of claim 1, further comprising an SCR system and an ASC system disposed on the tailpipe, the SCR system and ASC system being located on a side of the ammonia decomposition catalyst system proximate to an outlet of the tailpipe.
10. A control method of an ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine system as defined in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising the steps of: S1, electrifying an ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine system; S2, starting a combustion auxiliary heating module, starting a passage from a hydrogen-nitrogen buffer tank to the combustion auxiliary heating module, burning gas in the combustion auxiliary heating module, and enabling high-temperature waste gas generated by combustion to enter a tail gas pipe and heat an ammonia decomposition catalyst system; s3, starting an ammonia decomposition catalyst system, and feeding ammonia gas into the ammonia decomposition catalyst system from a liquid ammonia tank through a liquid ammonia evaporator, wherein the generated hydrogen and nitrogen gas is led to an ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine and used for starting the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine; S4, after the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine is started, the injection quantity of ammonia gas to the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine is gradually increased through a liquid ammonia evaporator, the operation time of the combustion auxiliary heating module is judged according to the temperature of tail gas, and partial gas is shunted by the ammonia decomposition catalyst system to supplement the hydrogen-nitrogen buffer tank.

Description

Ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine system and control method thereof Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engines, in particular to an ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine system and a control method thereof. Background The ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine is a novel clean power device taking ammonia as a main fuel and hydrogen as an auxiliary fuel, the core solves the defect of pure ammonia combustion through ammonia-hydrogen blending combustion, realizes the balance of zero carbon emission and high-efficiency power, and is a key technical direction for coping with energy crisis and environmental pollution. The ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine takes ammonia as a hydrogen carrier, uses hydrogen to assist ammonia combustion, solves the problems of difficult ignition and slow combustion of pure ammonia, avoids the storage risk of hydrogen, and generates hydrogen mainly through ammonia under the action of an ammonia decomposition catalyst. For example, the ammonia-hydrogen engine system and the operation method of the auxiliary preheating of the catalytic combustion of the Chinese patent CN120312401A comprise an ammonia decomposition system, a NOx decomposition system, an ammonia-hydrogen engine, a flameless combustion system, an air source and an ammonia source, and the ammonia, the hydrogen and the nitrogen are mixed and combusted in a cylinder of the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine to obtain high-temperature combustion tail gas for providing heat for the ammonia decomposition, however, the auxiliary preheating of the catalytic combustion of the patent is always in a working state, so that the structural working strength is increased, the maintenance cost is increased, the ammonia loss is increased, and the fuel waste is caused. Disclosure of Invention In view of the problems existing in the background art, the application provides an ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine system and a control method thereof, which can only provide auxiliary heat for ammonia decomposition by a combustion auxiliary heating module when the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine is started or the temperature of tail gas is low, and stop the operation of the combustion auxiliary heating module when the temperature of the tail gas is high, thereby reducing the working intensity of the system and avoiding the fuel loss caused by the continuous operation of the combustion auxiliary heating module. According to one aspect of the invention, an ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine system is provided, which comprises an ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine, a liquid ammonia tank, a liquid ammonia evaporator, an ammonia decomposition catalyst system, a hydrogen-nitrogen buffer tank and a combustion auxiliary heating module, wherein the ammonia decomposition catalyst system is sleeved outside an exhaust pipe of the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine, the liquid ammonia tank is respectively connected with air inlets of the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine and the ammonia decomposition catalyst system through the liquid ammonia evaporator, an air outlet of the ammonia decomposition catalyst system is respectively connected with the hydrogen-nitrogen buffer tank and the air inlets of the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine, the hydrogen-nitrogen buffer tank, the combustion auxiliary heating module and the exhaust pipe are sequentially connected, the connection position of the combustion auxiliary heating module and the exhaust pipe is positioned on one side, close to the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine, of the ammonia decomposition catalyst system, and the hydrogen-nitrogen buffer tank can receive and store gas generated by the ammonia decomposition catalyst system and provide the gas to the combustion auxiliary heating module for combustion. By using the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine system in the technical scheme, before the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine is started, hydrogen and nitrogen can be introduced into the combustion auxiliary heating module through the hydrogen-nitrogen buffer tank, so that the hydrogen and the nitrogen are combusted in the combustion auxiliary heating module to form high-temperature gas. After the ignition of the burner is successful, ammonia gas is introduced into the burner, so that the power of the burner is improved. The high-temperature gas heats the ammonia decomposition catalyst system, so that ammonia is partially decomposed into hydrogen and nitrogen by the ammonia decomposition catalyst system, the ammonia is fed into the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine for quickly starting the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine, after the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine is successfully started and the tail gas temperature of the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine is furthe