CN-122014462-A - Ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine system and control method thereof

CN122014462ACN 122014462 ACN122014462 ACN 122014462ACN-122014462-A

Abstract

The application relates to an ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine system and a control method thereof in the technical field of ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engines, wherein the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine system comprises an ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine, a liquid ammonia tank, a liquid ammonia evaporator, an ammonia decomposition catalyst system a and an ammonia decomposition catalyst system b; the ammonia tank is respectively connected with the air inlets of the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine, the ammonia decomposition catalyst system a and the ammonia decomposition catalyst system b through the liquid ammonia evaporator, the air outlets of the ammonia decomposition catalyst system a and the ammonia decomposition catalyst system b are respectively connected with the air inlet of the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine, the catalytic efficiency V 1 of the ammonia decomposition catalyst system a to ammonia is larger than the catalytic efficiency V 2 of the ammonia decomposition catalyst system b to ammonia, and the catalytic treatment capacity M 2 of the ammonia decomposition catalyst system b to ammonia in unit time is larger than the catalytic treatment capacity M 1 of the ammonia decomposition catalyst system a to ammonia in unit time. According to the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine system and the control method thereof, a proper ammonia decomposition catalyst system can be selected according to the working condition of the engine, and the starting efficiency and the success rate of the engine are improved.

Inventors

JIANG LILONG
DU CHENGJUN
LUO YU
ZHANG QING
WANG DABIAO
WU ZEBIN
HUANG WENSHI
CHEN CHONGQI

Assignees

福大紫金氢能科技股份有限公司
福州大学
紫金矿业集团股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260205

Claims (10)

1. An ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine system is characterized by comprising an ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine, a liquid ammonia tank, a liquid ammonia evaporator, an ammonia decomposition catalyst system a and an ammonia decomposition catalyst system b; the liquid ammonia tank is respectively connected with air inlets of the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine, the ammonia decomposition catalyst system a and the ammonia decomposition catalyst system b through the liquid ammonia evaporator, and air outlets of the ammonia decomposition catalyst system a and the ammonia decomposition catalyst system b are respectively connected with the air inlets of the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine; The catalytic efficiency V 1 of the ammonia decomposition catalyst system a on ammonia is larger than the catalytic efficiency V 2 of the ammonia decomposition catalyst system b on ammonia, and the unit-time catalytic treatment capacity M 2 of the ammonia decomposition catalyst system b on ammonia is larger than the unit-time catalytic treatment capacity M 1 of the ammonia decomposition catalyst system a on ammonia.
2. The ammonia hydrogen internal combustion engine system of claim 1, wherein the ammonia decomposition catalyst system a comprises an inner sleeve heater, a first annular heater, and a first ammonia decomposition catalyst; The first annular heater is sleeved outside the inner sleeve heater, a first reaction chamber is formed between the first annular heater and the inner sleeve heater, and the first reaction chamber accommodates the first ammonia decomposition catalyst and is connected with the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine and the liquid ammonia evaporator.
3. The ammonia hydrogen internal combustion engine system according to claim 2, wherein the ammonia decomposition catalyst system a further comprises a first temperature sensor for detecting the first reaction chamber temperature.
4. The ammonia hydrogen internal combustion engine system of claim 1, wherein the ammonia decomposition catalyst system b comprises a second annular heater and a second ammonia decomposition catalyst; The second annular heater is sleeved outside the tail gas pipe of the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine, a second reaction chamber is formed between the second annular heater and the tail gas pipe, and the second reaction chamber accommodates the second ammonia decomposition catalyst and is connected with the liquid ammonia evaporator and the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine.
5. The ammonia hydrogen internal combustion engine system of claim 4 wherein the ammonia decomposition catalyst system b further comprises a second temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the second reaction chamber.
6. The ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine system according to claim 5, wherein an exhaust gas temperature sensor for detecting an exhaust gas temperature is provided on the exhaust pipe at a side of the ammonia decomposition catalyst system b close to the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine.
7. The ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine system of claim 1, wherein the liquid ammonia vaporizer is connected in series with an engine cooling water circuit of the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine.
8. The ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine system according to claim 1, further comprising an SCR system and an ASC system provided on a tail gas pipe of the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine, wherein the liquid ammonia tank is connected to the tail gas pipe via the liquid ammonia evaporator and is located on one side of an air inlet of the SCR system.
9. A control method of an ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine system as defined in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the steps of: The ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine system is electrified, and the working condition of the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine is judged; When the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine is in a low torque zone of a starting working condition, leading ammonia gas to the ammonia decomposition catalyst system a, leading the generated hydrogen-nitrogen gas to the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine, and rapidly starting the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine; when the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine is successfully started, the ammonia gas is led to the ammonia decomposition catalyst system b along with the increase of the torque of the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine, and the generated hydrogen-nitrogen gas is led to the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine to be matched with the ammonia gas led to the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine for running under the conventional torque of the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine; when the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine is in a high torque zone, the ammonia gas is led to the ammonia decomposition catalyst system a and the ammonia decomposition catalyst system b respectively, and hydrogen and nitrogen generated by the ammonia decomposition catalyst system a and the ammonia decomposition catalyst system b are led to the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine, and are matched with the ammonia gas led to the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine for stable operation of the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine under high torque.
10. The control method according to claim 9, wherein when the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine is in a low torque region of a start-up condition, ammonia gas is introduced into the ammonia decomposition catalyst system a or ammonia gas is simultaneously introduced into the ammonia decomposition catalyst system b, and hydrogen-nitrogen gas generated by both of them is introduced into the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine for rapid start-up and stable operation in the low torque region of the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine.

Description

Ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine system and control method thereof Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engines, in particular to an ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine system and a control method thereof. Background The ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine is a novel clean power device taking ammonia as a main fuel and hydrogen as an auxiliary fuel, the core solves the defect of pure ammonia combustion through ammonia-hydrogen blending combustion, realizes the balance of zero carbon emission and high-efficiency power, and is a key technical direction for coping with energy crisis and environmental pollution. The ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine takes ammonia as a hydrogen carrier, and hydrogen is used for assisting ammonia combustion, so that the problems of difficult ignition and slow combustion of pure ammonia are solved, and meanwhile, the risk of hydrogen storage is avoided. Hydrogen is mainly generated by ammonia under the action of an ammonia decomposition catalyst, however, the current single catalyst is heated for too long, which can lead to slower starting of the engine. Disclosure of Invention In view of the problems existing in the background art, the application provides an ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine system and a control method thereof, which can select a proper ammonia decomposition catalyst system according to the working condition of an engine, and improve the starting efficiency and success rate of the engine. According to one aspect of the invention, an ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine system is provided, which comprises an ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine, a liquid ammonia tank, a liquid ammonia evaporator, an ammonia decomposition catalyst system a and an ammonia decomposition catalyst system b, wherein the liquid ammonia tank is respectively connected with air inlets of the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine, the ammonia decomposition catalyst system a and the ammonia decomposition catalyst system b through the liquid ammonia evaporator, air outlets of the ammonia decomposition catalyst system a and the ammonia decomposition catalyst system b are respectively connected with the air inlets of the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine, the catalytic efficiency V 1 of the ammonia decomposition catalyst system a on ammonia is larger than the catalytic efficiency V 2 of the ammonia decomposition catalyst system b on ammonia, and the catalytic treatment capacity M 2 of the ammonia decomposition catalyst system b on ammonia per unit time is larger than the catalytic treatment capacity M 1 of the ammonia decomposition catalyst system a on ammonia per unit time. By using the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine system in the technical scheme, the independent ammonia decomposition catalyst system a and the ammonia decomposition catalyst system b are arranged, the catalytic efficiency V 1 of the ammonia decomposition catalyst system a to ammonia is designed to be larger than the catalytic efficiency V 2 of the ammonia decomposition catalyst system b to ammonia, the unit-time catalytic treatment capacity M 2 of the ammonia decomposition catalyst system b to ammonia is larger than the unit-time catalytic treatment capacity M 1 of the ammonia decomposition catalyst system a to ammonia, so that the ammonia can be introduced into the ammonia decomposition catalyst system a under the same bed temperature under the starting working condition of the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine or other working conditions needing to improve the hydrogen ratio of the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine, the high catalytic efficiency of the ammonia decomposition catalyst system a to ammonia is utilized, the high-efficiency ammonia is decomposed, the hydrogen ratio is quickly lifted in a short time, the ammonia decomposition conversion efficiency is improved, and then the hydrogen and nitrogen is led to the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine for the quick starting and other working conditions of the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine, and the starting efficiency and the success rate of the engine are improved. In some embodiments of the invention, the ammonia decomposition catalyst system a comprises an inner sleeve heater, a first annular heater and a first ammonia decomposition catalyst, wherein the first annular heater is sleeved outside the inner sleeve heater, a first reaction chamber is formed between the first annular heater and the inner sleeve heater, and the first reaction chamber is used for accommodating the first ammonia decomposition catalyst and is connected with the ammonia-hydrogen internal combustion engine and the liquid ammonia evaporator. In some embodiments of the invention, the ammonia decomposition catalyst system a further comprises a first temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the fir