CN-122014483-A - Compressed air supercharging pumped storage system and method

CN122014483ACN 122014483 ACN122014483 ACN 122014483ACN-122014483-A

Abstract

The invention relates to a compressed air pressurization pumped storage system and a method, wherein pressure vessels are arranged layer by layer from top to bottom, and each layer comprises one or more pressure vessels which are communicated. The pressure vessel is internally provided with a liquid level sensor, the pressure vessel at the lowest layer is internally provided with pressure detection equipment, and the liquid level sensor and the pressure detection equipment are in signal connection with a controller. The pressure vessel is connected with an external water source through a water delivery pipeline, and a water driving device is arranged on the water delivery pipeline. The top of the inner cavity of the pressure vessel is communicated through a gas pipeline, and a valve for controlling the on-off of a gas circuit is arranged on the pipeline. The method comprises two stages of energy storage and energy release, wherein the energy storage stage fills water into the pressure vessel in a sequence from top to bottom, and the energy release stage drains water from the pressure vessel in a sequence from bottom to top. The system and the method provided by the invention have the advantages that the energy storage density in a unit space is improved, and the total pressure fluctuation at the inlet of the water turbine can be effectively stabilized.

Inventors

LI LING
REN BO
ZHOU ZHIJUN
Song Gongxiang
PENG BING

Assignees

中国长江电力股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260226

Claims (10)

1. The pressurized air pumped storage system is characterized by comprising a pressure container, water driving equipment, a water conveying pipeline, an external water source, a liquid level sensor, pressure detecting equipment and a controller; the pressure container is arranged in a closed cavity structure and is arranged layer by layer from top to bottom; The pressure container is internally provided with a liquid level sensor, the pressure container positioned at the lowest layer is internally provided with pressure detection equipment, and the liquid level sensor and the pressure detection equipment are in signal connection with a controller; the bottom of the inner cavity of the pressure container is connected with an external water source through a water conveying pipeline, and water driving equipment is arranged on the water conveying pipeline; The tops of the inner cavities of all the pressure containers are communicated through gas pipelines, and valves for independently controlling the gas paths of the pressure containers are arranged on the pipelines; The upper end of the external water source is lower than the lower end of the lowermost pressure vessel.
2. The pressurized pumped storage system of claim 1, wherein said water conduit comprises a water manifold and a water manifold; the external water source is connected with one end of the water delivery main pipe, the other end of the water delivery main pipe is connected with the bottom of the inner cavity of the pressure container through water delivery branch pipes, and the water delivery branch pipes are provided with first valves.
3. The pressurized-air pumped storage system according to claim 2, wherein a pressure buffer tank is connected to the water delivery manifold.
4. The pressurized-air pumped-storage system of claim 2, wherein said gas conduit comprises a gas manifold and a gas manifold; the inner cavity of the pressure container is connected with the gas main pipe through the gas branch pipes respectively; The gas branch pipe is provided with a second valve.
5. The pressurized-air pumped-storage system according to claim 4, wherein the pressure vessel of each layer is provided with two gas branch pipes, each gas branch pipe is provided with a check valve, and the conduction directions of the check valves on the two gas branch pipes are opposite.
6. The pressurized-air pumped-storage system of claim 1, wherein the water-driven device is a reversible pump turbine.
7. The compressed air boost pumped-storage system of claim 1, wherein the controller comprises: A signal acquisition unit for acquiring a real-time liquid level signal of the pressure vessel from the liquid level sensor and a real-time pressure signal of the lowermost pressure vessel from the pressure detection device; The system comprises an analysis processing unit, a real-time pressure signal analyzing unit and a third control signal, wherein the analysis processing unit is used for analyzing a real-time liquid level value corresponding to the real-time liquid level signal, comparing the real-time liquid level value with a preset liquid level high value and a preset liquid level low value, sending a first control signal when the real-time liquid level value is larger than the liquid level high value and sending a second control signal when the real-time liquid level value is lower than the liquid level low value; The control unit is used for acquiring a first control signal and controlling the water driving equipment to be closed and controlling the corresponding first valve on the current pressure container to be closed in the energy storage stage to stop water injection to the current pressure container, acquiring a second control signal and controlling the corresponding first valve on the current pressure container to be closed in the energy release stage to stop water discharge of the current pressure container, and acquiring a third control signal and controlling the water driving equipment to be closed and controlling the corresponding first valve on the lowest pressure container to be closed in the energy storage stage to stop water injection to the pressure container at the lowest layer.
8. The pressurized-air pumped-storage system of claim 1, wherein the pressure vessels of any two adjacent layers have the same height differential.
9. A method for pressurized pumped storage of compressed air, which is realized based on the pressurized pumped storage system of any one of claims 1 to 5, and is characterized in that the method comprises two stages of energy storage and energy release, wherein the energy storage stage comprises the following steps: S11, setting the gas in all pressure containers to be normal pressure; s12, starting water driving equipment, sequentially injecting water into the pressure containers of all layers according to the sequence from top to bottom, and gradually pressing gas into the pressure container of the lowest layer according to the sequence from top to bottom; The energy release stage comprises the following steps: S21, opening a water passage arranged on the pressure container at the lowest layer, discharging water in the pressure container to an external water source through a water pipeline, and driving power generation equipment to generate power until the water in the pressure container at the lowest layer is discharged; S22, starting the pressure containers arranged on the second layer from bottom to top, draining the pressure containers on each layer in sequence from bottom to top, discharging water in the pressure containers into an external water source through a water pipeline one by one, and driving power generation equipment to generate power, and opening a gas pipeline between the pressure container currently draining and the pressure container at the lowest layer until the water in all the pressure containers is discharged.
10. A method of pressurized pumped storage according to claim 9, wherein during the energy release phase the drain period of the pressure vessel of any one layer partially coincides with the drain period of the pressure vessel of the immediately preceding layer.

Description

Compressed air supercharging pumped storage system and method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of electric power energy storage, in particular to a compressed air supercharging pumped storage system and a method. Background The pumped storage technology is used as a mature large-scale energy storage scheme and plays a key role in the scenes of peak regulation, frequency modulation, standby power supply and the like of a power system. At present, the traditional pumped storage system has the technical bottleneck that on one hand, the energy storage capacity of the system is highly dependent on the scale of the storage capacity of an upper reservoir and a lower reservoir and the natural height difference, the system is extremely limited by geographical conditions, the energy storage capacity is expanded, huge funds are needed to be invested in newly-built reservoirs, the construction period is long, and the ecological influence is large. On the other hand, in the charge-discharge process, the water head fluctuation of the water pump is severe, so that the equipment is in a variable working condition running state for a long time, the energy storage efficiency is reduced, the equipment abrasion is further increased, and the service life is shortened. In order to break through the limitation, the industry tries to improve the performance of a pumped storage system through a coupling compressed air energy storage technology, but the traditional coupling scheme has a plurality of defects that firstly, gas storage depends on a single pressure container, and a reasonable structural design is lacked, so that the difficulty of pressure regulation is high, the fluctuation of a water head of a water pump cannot be effectively stabilized, secondly, the energy conversion cooperativity of gas and liquid is poor, the supercharging effect of compressed air cannot be fully exerted, and the energy storage lifting effect is limited. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a compressed air pressurizing pumped storage system and a method for solving the technical problems that in the prior art, the pressure regulation difficulty is high, the water head fluctuation of a water pump cannot be effectively stabilized, the pressurizing effect of compressed air cannot be fully exerted, and the energy storage lifting effect is limited. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A pressurized air pumped storage system comprises a pressure vessel, a water driving device, an external water source, a liquid level sensor, a pressure detecting device and a controller; the pressure container is arranged in a closed cavity structure and is arranged layer by layer from top to bottom; The pressure container is internally provided with a liquid level sensor, the pressure container positioned at the lowest layer is internally provided with pressure detection equipment, and the liquid level sensor and the pressure detection equipment are in signal connection with a controller; the bottom of the inner cavity of the pressure container is connected with an external water source through a water conveying pipeline, and water driving equipment is arranged on the water conveying pipeline; The tops of the inner cavities of all the pressure containers are communicated through gas pipelines, and valves for independently controlling the gas paths of the pressure containers are arranged on the pipelines; The upper end of the external water source is lower than the lower end of the lowermost pressure vessel. Further, the water delivery pipeline comprises a water delivery main pipe and a water delivery branch pipe; the external water source is connected with one end of the water delivery main pipe, the other end of the water delivery main pipe is connected with the bottom of the inner cavity of the pressure container through water delivery branch pipes, and the water delivery branch pipes are provided with first valves. Further, the water delivery main pipe is connected with a pressure buffer tank. Further, the gas pipeline comprises a gas main pipe and a gas branch pipe; the inner cavity of the pressure container is connected with the gas main pipe through the gas branch pipes respectively; The gas branch pipe is provided with a second valve. Further, each layer of pressure container is provided with two gas branch pipes, each gas branch pipe is provided with a one-way valve, and the conduction directions of the one-way valves on the two gas branch pipes are opposite. Further, the water driving device is a reversible water pump turbine. Further, the controller includes: A signal acquisition unit for acquiring a real-time liquid level signal of the pressure vessel from the liquid level sensor and a real-time pressure signal of the lowermost pressure vessel from the pressure detection device; The system comprises an analysis processing unit, a real-time pressure signal