CN-122014572-A - KW-level container compressed air energy storage system and operation method

CN122014572ACN 122014572 ACN122014572 ACN 122014572ACN-122014572-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a kW-level container compressed air energy storage system and an operation method thereof, which belong to the technical field of energy storage and comprise an air storage unit, an energy release unit and a cooling unit; the system adopts an all-air cooling mode, is provided with a waste heat recovery device and is of a closed circulation structure as a whole, and the waste heat recovery device is used for recovering exhaust heat of a final-stage compressor so as to heat inlet air of a first-stage compressor. The invention realizes the modularized integrated design of the system, integrates the gas storage unit, the energy storage unit and the energy release unit in a standard container respectively, and the cooling unit is arranged at the top of the container, thereby greatly reducing the occupied area of the system, reducing the transportation and installation cost, and simultaneously being capable of flexibly matching the number of modules according to the requirements of users, adapting to the application scenes of different power requirements and promoting the popularization of the energy storage device to urban areas.

Inventors

LIU QUANLIANG
LIU JIAN
WU YANG
DONG ZHOU
LI SHUANGJIANG
LI ZHI
Chi ran
SHI ZHIJIE
ZHAO YIMENG
YAN QINGQI
YAN ZHANLIANG

Assignees

中国电建集团河北省电力勘测设计研究院有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260225

Claims (7)

1. A compressed air energy storage system of a kW-level container is characterized by comprising a gas storage unit, an energy release unit and a cooling unit, wherein the gas storage unit, the energy storage unit and the energy release unit are respectively integrated in a standard container, the cooling unit is arranged at the top of any container, the system adopts an all-air cooling mode, a waste heat recovery device is arranged and is of a closed circulation structure as a whole, and the waste heat recovery device is used for recovering exhaust heat of a final-stage compressor so as to heat inlet air of a first-stage compressor.
2. The kW-level container compressed air energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the energy storage unit and the energy release unit are respectively and independently arranged in 1 container, the gas storage unit comprises a plurality of horizontal storage tanks, each horizontal storage tank is independently arranged in 1 container, a shutoff valve is arranged at an inlet of each storage tank and can be independently isolated and overhauled, and fans are arranged in the energy storage unit and the energy release unit container and used for sending in-box hot air into the gas storage unit container to maintain the temperature of the storage tanks.
3. The kW-level container compressed air energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the energy storage unit comprises a compressor inlet air heater, a multi-level compressor, a multi-level energy storage heat exchanger, a compressor cooler and a waste heat exchange cooler which are sequentially connected, an #2 compressor outlet is sequentially connected with the #2 energy storage heat exchanger and the compressor cooler, the compressor cooler reduces the inlet air temperature of the #3 compressor through two-level heat exchange, a drain valve group is arranged on an outlet air pipeline of the compressor cooler, and the drain valve group is connected with a water supplementing tank of the cooling unit for supplementing water.
4. The kW-level container compressed air energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the energy release unit comprises an atmospheric heat storage device, an expander, a high-pressure cylinder energy release heat exchanger and a low-pressure cylinder energy release heat exchanger, and the atmospheric heat storage device comprises an atmospheric water tank and a heat conduction oil tank which is provided with high temperature and low temperature separately, and is correspondingly provided with a high-temperature heat conduction oil circulation pump and a low-temperature heat conduction oil circulation pump.
5. The kW-level container compressed air energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the waste heat recovery device comprises a waste heat exchange cooler, the waste heat exchange cooler is provided with a cooling water source switching structure and a low-temperature normal-pressure water source switching structure, the cooling unit comprises a closed cooling tower, and the leakage water quantity of the system operation is supplemented through air drainage at the energy storage side, so that no water loss of the whole system is realized.
6. A method for operating a kW-level container compressed air energy storage system is characterized in that the energy storage system comprises an energy storage stage and an energy release stage based on the energy storage system of any one of claims 1-5; The energy storage stage comprises the steps of opening a corresponding shutoff valve, heating air to a preset temperature through an inlet air heater of a compressor, sequentially compressing the air through a multistage compressor, exchanging heat through a multistage heat exchanger, cooling, and finally sending the air into a gas storage unit for storage; and the energy release stage is to close the energy storage stage shutoff valve, open the energy release corresponding shutoff valve, heat the air in the air storage unit through the energy release heat exchanger, enter the expansion machine to do work for power generation, discharge the air into the atmosphere after doing work, release heat by the high-temperature heat storage medium, cool the heat and store the heat in the low-temperature heat storage device.
7. The operation method of the kW-level container compressed air energy storage system of claim 6, wherein the energy storage stage is characterized in that the heat storage temperature is increased under the same air storage pressure by increasing the inlet air temperature of compressors #1 and #2, when the water level of a cooling water system is reduced, a corresponding shut-off valve is opened, the air at the outlet of a cooler of the compressor is used for draining water to a water supplementing tank for supplementing water, a corresponding container fan is opened in both the energy storage stage and the energy release stage, the temperature of an air storage unit is maintained, and the high-temperature heat conduction oil temperature is controlled through an adjusting valve in the energy release stage, so that the inlet air temperature of an expander is stabilized at a preset value.

Description

KW-level container compressed air energy storage system and operation method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to a kW-level container compressed air energy storage system and an operation method. Background The compressed air energy storage is an important component of novel energy storage, has the advantages of large energy storage capacity, long operation life, environmental friendliness and the like, and is in a commercial popularization and application stage. However, the existing compressed air energy storage technology still has a plurality of short plates, which restrict the further development of the technology. Firstly, the existing compressed air energy storage device has a scattered structure, a large number of devices and a large occupied area, is difficult to integrate and miniaturize, and cannot adapt to application requirements of land shortage areas such as urban areas, secondly, the heat storage temperature is a key factor for limiting the efficiency of a compressed air energy storage system, the heat storage temperature is difficult to be improved under reasonable cost, the comprehensive efficiency of the system is low, the station service power consumption is high, the operation economy is poor, and finally, the existing system mostly adopts an open cooling structure, so that the problems of high water loss and high requirement on the cooling water temperature exist, and the popularization is limited in water shortage areas. In order to solve the above technical problems, it is needed to develop a modularized integrated, high-efficiency and low-loss compressed air energy storage system and an operation method thereof, so as to meet the requirements of large-scale and market development of novel energy storage. Disclosure of Invention The compressed air energy storage device aims to solve the problems of the existing compressed air energy storage device that the structure is dispersed, the number of devices is large, the occupied area is large, the comprehensive efficiency is low and the water loss is large. The invention provides a kW-level container compressed air energy storage system and an operation method thereof, which can greatly reduce the occupied area of the energy storage system, reduce the number of devices, improve the energy storage efficiency, promote the modularization and miniaturization development of an energy storage device and further popularize the energy storage device to urban areas. The technical scheme adopted by the kW-level container compressed air energy storage system and the operation method is as follows: the compressed air energy storage system of the kW-level container comprises an air storage unit, an energy release unit and a cooling unit, wherein the air storage unit, the energy storage unit and the energy release unit are respectively integrated in a standard container, the cooling unit is arranged at the top of any container, the system adopts a full air cooling mode, is provided with a waste heat recovery device and is of a closed circulation structure as a whole, and the waste heat recovery device is used for recovering exhaust heat of a final-stage compressor so as to heat inlet air of a first-stage compressor. The technical scheme of the invention is further improved in that the energy storage unit and the energy release unit are respectively and independently arranged in 1 container, the gas storage unit comprises a plurality of horizontal storage tanks, each horizontal storage tank is independently arranged in 1 container, the inlet of each storage tank is provided with a shutoff valve for independent isolation maintenance, and the energy storage unit and the energy release unit are respectively internally provided with a fan for sending in-box hot air into the gas storage unit container so as to maintain the temperature of the storage tanks. The technical scheme of the invention is further improved in that the energy storage unit comprises a compressor inlet air heater, a multi-stage compressor, a multi-stage energy storage heat exchanger, a compressor cooler and a waste heat exchange cooler which are sequentially connected, wherein an #2 compressor outlet is sequentially connected with the #2 energy storage heat exchanger and the compressor cooler, the compressor cooler reduces the inlet air temperature of the #3 compressor through two-stage heat exchange, a drain valve group is arranged on an air pipeline at the outlet of the compressor cooler, and the drain valve group is connected with a water supplementing tank of the cooling unit for supplementing water. The technical scheme of the invention is further improved in that the energy release unit comprises a normal pressure heat storage device, an expander, a high pressure cylinder energy release heat exchanger and a low pressure cylinder energy release heat exchanger, wherein the normal pressure heat storage device comprises a nor